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distribution , and consumption process , oil is stored in tanks . With billions of gallons of oil being stored throughout the country , the potential for an oil spill is significant , and the effects of spilled oil can pose serious threats to the environment . In addition to petroleum-based oil , the U . S . consumes millions of gallons of non-petroleum oils , such as silicone and mineral - based oils and animal and vegetable oils . Like petroleum products , these non- petroleum oils are often stored in tanks that have the potential to spill , causing environmental damages that are just as serious as those caused by petroleum- based oils . To address the potential environmental threat posed by petroleum and non -petroleum oils , the EPA has established a program designed to prevent oil spills . The program has reduced the number of spills to less than 1 % of the total volume handled each year ( EPA , 1998 ) . Indian River County has about 18 miles of Atlantic Ocean coastline hat is subject to contamination caused by an oil spill . By Executive Order, the responsibility r preparing response plans for coastal oil spills is designated to the Florida Department of Environmental Protection , Division of Florida Marine Patrol ( Indian River County Emergency ry anagement Division , 2000 ) . The Florida Coastal Pollutant Spill Plan has been prepared to oordinate response procedures and recovery efforts after a spill . There are two active oil field regions in Florida : in Escambia and Santa Rosa counties in the Panhandle , and Collier Dade , Hendry, and Lee counties in southwest Florida . 4. 2. 4. 1 Vulnerability Assessment Transportation system accidents can have the following potential impacts within a community: • Surface and air transportation disruption ; • Navigable waterway impairment ; • Human health and safety; • Economic disruption ; • Disruption of community services ; • Fire ; and • Toxic releases . There is no longer any commercial air traffic coming into the Vero M nicipal Airport, but the Vero Airport is a major general aviation facility with two large flic ht schools , Piper Aircraft, and considerable private and charter air traffic. Aviation is an important element of the economy in Indian River County , and this activity raises the Cou ty' s vulnerability to aviation -associated accidents . Vulnerability to transportation system accidents also is associated with the highway and rail systems that run through the County . Individual community and population center vulnerabilities to this hazard are entirely dependent upon location . The cities of Vero Beach and Sebastian have higher vulnerabilities to rail system accidents . The western unincorporated portion of the County has a higher vulnerability to major highway accidents due to the presence of 1 -95 . The Tow s of Orchid and Indian River Shores have a low vulnerability in this area . The Florida East Coast Railroad blocks traffic to the hospital when trains pass through town ; grade separated overpasses are necessary at 41St Street , Aviation Boulevard and 33rd Street , and 4th Street . `err 4-58