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UFtJNIVFS1T-, PO -24AL;UScience-Polis Confers ce Ma 1-
<br /> FRLORIDA Fertilizer Bans in Florida's Urban Areas: -22012 Washin ton DC.
<br /> IFAS . Does the Science Su
<br /> Gurpal S .Toon and PPo� Policy? (�
<br /> Soil b Water quality Laboratory,DuM Coast Research and Education Cd Mary G. Lusk U
<br /> University M Florida,Wimauma,FL.E-mail: too �JLORIDA
<br /> Iu 18ull.edu i IFAS.ccmEC
<br /> Fertilizer Bans Ordinances in Florida if
<br /> Out ol29 Florida ie-
<br /> coumles/munkipgIM01 that have ordinances b+piece:
<br /> Discharge and Loads at Alafia River
<br /> 10 ordinances clue no
<br /> ro nitrogen firt9izer application from June 1 s 6epben+her 30 each year. Discharge and total N led In river was two-told higher In wet then dry asesons dunnp 1976- Wee
<br />kly N forms durin 2009 Wat SeaaOn
<br /> 2 ordinances Include reatrktions on 180211 miss. 2000-Higher N 101 was bemuse of mora ninfa9 sea k ) _-__910-
<br /> r 11 additional muntiasrmunkip obas aro developing ordinances.
<br /> that muad more runoo of N.But don this mean artlour N b tiro o aro 4 in want season At MI cU organic forms of N,botl+"a"d(DON)anti paNculeta(PON),were
<br /> source comrol7 my source that needs Man 9reatar(61.85%of stal N)thanniberI(9J5%of total tau
<br /> Premise behind Fertilizer Ban Ordinances a o
<br /> Florida remNea a total of-137 cm sinal each .., Mtrat"was greater in developed than undeveloped saes,while ammoniumdd
<br /> year.Of ink, rro ta"In•Me Figure 4 was only 48%oftatal N(Figure 8),
<br /> JuneSeptember(wet Season)In chart duration high intensity sterSO'0%cusum during four months of an _
<br /> Higher ramal muses more runoff,so the too ■Organic-N o Nibete-N agmmonlum-N
<br /> Promise k that by banning fertilizer applications,bas of s g °011'
<br /> Highers In rumor hath tawnc thea be rotlucad 'm
<br /> m l
<br /> Controversy e
<br /> Not aetenee-baetl,but'eo f0 Figure 8
<br /> avatar bodies(streamWrNas/eefgan�esndurN PProaeh 1Mb fertilizer bane wrl knprove avatar quality In 1sx
<br /> 1 g wet eeawn. Ors n n n m ea n •sx
<br /> Lack o/science-band data tan rosined in controversy between environmental groups and Industry, is n •• o+ m m or m
<br /> on
<br /> Nitrogen•Background r� °• 0Yo 11.9 tog
<br /> e Toatl N bed(he der'), —._._ 1744 a.%:
<br /> • Nitrogen(N)omun w several forms in environ Figure 1 - gra _-.
<br /> mint and theca p' •uO•d•°nOn.r•d uko rm„a,y cora WMM yrs In uses LOADEST Model m%
<br /> amu ere cycled bank end forth,ac shown In Figure 1: "' - as
<br /> ft
<br /> yy Did Urban DevelopmentIncrease Total N in River? » n
<br /> (1+laom.eu.u dkwfvd in wear,as NarNa(NOi),Nitrite Fm - "+•�"`
<br /> (NO=7,and Amrrwnium(NH�). 4^°•^ ran sx
<br /> „l.... Long-arm monthly total N concentrations wen 1.57.243 Area 7uM1ey sena Palo— s01A°
<br /> `131Qaa0ifd,as DkwNed(DON)and Partkuha(PON} „0 1.14"1 in undeveloped stream segnuns.The FPA toh�MretlsAoMpved a ka.Ws Change in Mon[hh/N Forms from D to Wet Season
<br /> Part of Florida's sbsams k 1.65
<br /> nplL,whish was open eltotal N hr the developed oras.
<br /> • From 1991 to 2009,total N at tin most dww tmmm monitoring station(Alessi increased
<br /> Nitro en Transformations in in Ponds by-20%(17.7 P9IU r,which k equivalent quivaant s 0.33 myL lo 19 years).Sea Figure 6. At all sites(1 B91-2009),during wet seasons
<br />there was 3.18sA bei nitrate.S w residential
<br /> n ponds aro required In N and 2-18%more o
<br /> now rosklenttal developments by law a meet O1• s mars»1.o1x soryw n9arbic N in streams as compared to dry seasons.
<br /> pre-devabpment discharge levels. Terrestrial ♦.eAa 411-229
<br /> Sources Figure 2 4 We hypodreane that there wee mora flow of matter(Organic C and N)from
<br /> N carried In runolFamers the panda and with West-central Florid.EPA total N Figure 5 upstream areas and more N attenuation(denilrific"Orl)due to high
<br /> Swami tnnaammtion'loaves pons and rs, threshold-1,65 mg/L rainfall-runoff during wet seasons.This tike res
<br /> enters into stream network(Figure 2). ^ nitrate-N and mora baa y brtied b loss
<br /> a Is convronly be0evd tllat N applied a ^ ° as organic N. loss as
<br /> O
<br /> awn'is min imay aced,m.king In mnon Change in N Forms
<br /> basad polutkg wear blies. From Month to WeeklyData of Wet Season
<br /> N applied mala artlNzen k inorganic N(nares. �i" c } o At a9 sides,during 2009
<br /> ammonium)and rapidly changes an - s1 n u N a as n as n w e1 n as 12-20%loss wet season weekly data,we noted that that&was
<br /> nitrate-N and 10-18%mot&
<br /> SPPrrmtlon b marcs.So r artllizen an the "" < N as as n as Be organic N in streams as
<br /> only source,iron N formin runogshoula be Nfr�' N0' Monthly Nforms durinq 18 Wet Seasons 1991_ compared with lon9'teRn monthly data.
<br /> largely nitrats9.This k the Promise behind 2009
<br /> arbllzar ban ordinances. j"+. TOt S ra Attlee Maltutem sae:of total N.31%was nitres-N and 64%vat organic N(Figura 8). We hy�hdy s t events FOr BMPd during
<br /> high-inMns' ng Wet seasons did rrgt capture
<br /> Terreebiat N sources in At tsw Developed sites:of total N,43-49%was nitrate and 4955%was organic N elcempb,there Were only 4 monthly
<br /> organics(leaves, raas�d orals,Ito At two Undeveloped saes:of cal N.25%Was samPbs coflected during wet seasons(1991.2008)vs,18 weekly samples
<br /> cewars,abnmphsdc depos tee'aalo� maraca N and 71%was organic N. in wet season(2009),In high fbwevents,more
<br /> Nein inorganic and organic N was
<br /> organic norms +ea SiOrganI �NarateN ■AmmOraumN transported due to increased Connectivity of upstream areas.Therabro,
<br /> leaves Donde we were able to capture more realistic N transport Pheromene.
<br /> m%-
<br /> Est arWy ants(Allow Figure
<br /> ure 3 Warn is)is Part of the Tampa Bay Watershed end drains into Tampa B 1sx
<br /> Ea[eary.bee below Figure 3 end Taloa 1 for Namutbn aboutmm o associated ms- Figure 6
<br /> We selected arra mabusm sae and two each of developed ed undsvelop d sub-basin alai.We u ed m%
<br /> two debases ar thisexploratory study:(1)ton ux •e Organic N(61.85%during 2009 wet season and 441-711%during 18 wet
<br /> that was spot into mat xenon(Jun"op r�nbw(andtdry s monthly stream N mmmntramns data m% seasons from 1991-2009)was the dominant N form measured in streams.
<br /> aveemwear N concentration dao of 2009 wet season. season(October-Mry)and(2)weekly '011 This data demonstrates that most of N transport
<br /> Occurs in o
<br /> Table 1 ,�„, " e a a forms,followed by nitrate-N. P rBanic N
<br /> Our date contradicts the noo-s lan6fic approach used b
<br /> Total N(mgn)-1.61 1.71 1,45 0.02 135 Florida to ban fertilizers under the Y policy makers in
<br /> caaarm _1 Al ms predominant in urban watersheds during premise that nitrate-N bas is
<br /> 10't -13 _.-m _- a n u u Monthly N forms durin°18 Qm SP 9 DeriOda of intense rainfall(wet
<br /> Pa'+brw ' Twsera.ey m u - aeons!1991 20091 season).
<br /> 4'°•d P- clow Pre, iso 32 24 24 Is . 12 o At the Maksam sae:Oftotal N,41%me nante•N and 56%was organic N(Figure 7). .•As many Counties in Florida have used
<br />non-scientific approach
<br /> ue-d.•eba•d 4_ FYN,a,mo rt 1_ 14 e 0--- +e m At two Developd sites:of total 6(1 was naraa•N and realdeMlal N f°rtlWr a aqua to ban
<br /> _ K 3437%was oro "N this ban would result reduction during Wet season.our data questions if
<br /> u^y'•bn4 -_s sawvronc. - .277 ac.. 4 1 _e. _ s as At two Undeveloped eases:of total N.28-43%"a manta-N and 5449%was organic N. �m ro��Of mbato-N and total
<br />N loss.
<br /> a ■Orger" 11,11bete-N ■Ammorbum-N There are multiple N sources in urban&roes.There Is an urgent need to
<br /> cox identify Ute important N sources and understand fate and transport of N
<br /> RESIDENTIAL Figure 3 m% from a continuum of residential burns to streams.
<br /> BGRI UL ro%. Figure 7 The Whom-system approach to N transport AGRICULTURE • streams)is important so that w e dynamos(troth lawns b
<br /> 1 ms correct orb Bite-s 9
<br /> PASTURELAND cox Practices to control N transport from urbanlandscapes
<br /> Pacific best management
<br /> P le water
<br /> resources.aro developed and
<br /> ;..FOREST > r m% Implemented t0 protect Florida's sensitive wooer resources.
<br /> MINED
<br /> LJ-) RECLAIMED
<br /> i tit% N Y ~ >•.: tl
<br /> RECREATIONAL
<br /> ul ox "w. lwaq rr.re r%N..a sewn
<br /> Total N(mgn).1.83 1.90 Monthly date used In Nis study alae obtained from Emrkonmer+sl Protection
<br /> _� 1.66 0.96 1,09 Commiaskn of HlWborough County,Discharge date wee NMI from=08"boil..
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