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action "is not likely to adversely affect" listed species or designated critical habitat). [50 CFR 402.02, 50 CFR 402.14] Important manatee areas (IMA) — Areas within certain counties where increased densities of manatees occur due to the proximity of warm water discharges, freshwater discharges, natural springs and other habitat features that are attractive to manatees. These areas are heavily utilized for feeding, transiting, mating, calving, nursing or resting as indicated by aerial survey data, mortality data and telemetry data. Some of these areas may be federally -designated sanctuaries or state -designated "seasonal no entry" zones. Maps depicting important manatee areas and any accompanying text may contain a reference to these areas and their special requirements. Projects proposed within these areas must address their special requirements. Indirect. effects — Those effects that are caused by or will result from the proposed action and are later in time, but are still reasonably certain to occur. Examples of indirect effects include, but are not limited to, changes in water flow, water temperature, water quality (e.g., salinity, pH, turbidity, nutrients, chemistry), prop dredging of seagrasses, and manatee watercraft injury and mortality. Indirect effects also include watercraft access developments in waters not currently accessible to manatees, but watercraft access can, is, or may be planned to waters accessible to manatees by the addition of a boat lift or the removal of a dike or plug. Informal consultation — A process that includes all discussions and correspondence between the Services and a Federal agency or designated non -Federal representative, prior to formal consultation, to determine whether a proposed Federal action may affect listed species or critical habitat. This process allows the Federal agency to utilize the Services' expertise to evaluate the agency's assessment of potential effects or to suggest possible modifications to the proposed action which could avoid potentially adverse effects. If a proposed Federal action may affect a listed species or designated critical habitat, formal consultation is required (except when the Services concur, in writing, that a proposed action "is not likely to adversely affect" listed species or designated critical habitat). [50 CFR 402.02, 50 CFR 402.13] In -water activity — Any type of activity used to construct/repair/replace any type of in -water structure or fill; the act of dredging. In -water structures — watercraft access structures - Docks or piers, marinas, boat ramps, boat slips, boat lifts, floats, floating docks, pilings (depending on use), boat davits, etc. In -water structures other than watercraft access structures — Bulkheads, seawalls, riprap, groins, boardwalks, pilings (depending on use), etc. Is likely to adversely affect — The appropriate finding in a biological assessment (or conclusion duringinformal consultation) if any adverse effect to listed species may occur as a direct or indirect result of the proposed action or its interrelated or interdependent actions and the effect is not: discountable, insignificant, or beneficial (see definition of "is not likely to adversely affect"). An "is likely to adversely affect" determination requires the initiation of formal consultation under section 7 of the ESA. 179