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However, other shoreline protection strategies are commonly <br />used to address shoreline retreat such as beach nourishment. <br />Beach nourishment is the process of replenishing sand lost as <br />a result of erosion. In Indian River County, the preferred <br />shoreline protection strategy is beach nourishment. <br />To assist with its coastal management strategies and the long <br />term sustainability of its shoreline, the county adopted its first <br />Beach Preservation Plan in 1988, with updates in 1998 and <br />2008; and is currently updating the plan again for completion in <br />2015. <br />Historic Events. Hurricanes Floyd and Irene (1999) and <br />Hurricanes Frances and Jeanne (2004) caused significant <br />beach erosion along the Atlantic Ocean. Oceanfront property <br />in the City of Vero Beach, Town of Indian River Shores, and <br />Town of Orchid also experienced beach erosion during these <br />two events. <br />The 2005 hurricane season was a record breaking season with <br />27 named storms. Florida was impacted by Hurricanes Dennis, <br />Katrina, Ophelia, Rita, and Wilma, and Tropical Storms Arlene <br />and Tammy. While the cumulative impact of these storms <br />exacerbated erosion conditions in south and northwest Florida, <br />Indian River County was spared. <br />2008 was a relatively mild tropical storm season for Florida's <br />beaches with Tropical Storm Fay affecting predominantly the <br />Atlantic shoreline, and the gulf coast receiving the fringe <br />impacts of Hurricanes Gustav and Ike. <br />Hurricane Sandy (October 26, 2012) caused an estimated $12 <br />million in total countywide beach erosion damages. As a result, <br />several emergency dune repair crossover repair projects <br />occurred from 2012-2015. <br />Hurricane Matthew (October 7, 2016) caused an estimated <br />$13 million in total countywide beach erosion damages. <br />Emergency dune/berm repair was required at five locations <br />totaling $210,000. <br />Hurricane Irma (September 10, 2017) caused an estimated <br />$4.3 million in total countywide beach erosion damages. <br />Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 48 <br />