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January 18, 2022 Item 5.D. <br />.Healthy sand <br />ECOSYSTEM SERVICES <br />■ Increases turbidity and inhibits seagrass growth <br />■ Accumulation of toxic hydrogen sulfide <br />■ Loss of viable habitat: sand 4 muck <br />■ Increased nutrient (N and P) fluxes from muck <br />■ Virtually all nitrogen as ammonium (this form of nitrogen <br />promotes species like Aureoumbra L.) <br />■ Inhibiting natural nitrogen removal processes <br />■ Nitrification, denitrification and/or anammox <br />■ Muck has increased sediment oxygen demand (SOD) <br />■ Hypoxia (<2 mg/L DO) or anoxia Muds <br />BOTTOM WATER DISSOLVED OXYGEN: SAND VS. MUCK <br />12 <br />-- Sand <br />66 : $( <br />10 j <br />N 8 <br />m <br />X <br />0 6 e V4 <br />a <br />4 r <br />2 ---------- — — -- --- ---- — :--- j— —--:— — <br />0 <br />CD N N N N N <br />O O O O O <br />N N N N N <br />� In N Of <br />N N <br />