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1999-287
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1999-287
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Last modified
1/12/2024 2:10:06 PM
Creation date
1/12/2024 12:27:03 PM
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Template:
Official Documents
Official Document Type
Miscellaneous
Approved Date
11/16/1999
Control Number
1999-287
Subject
Final Draft for Sebastian Area-Wide FL Scrub-Jay Habitat Conservation Plan
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i <br />I <br />documented scrub -jay dispersals exceeding 5 miles have been across unsuitable <br />habitat conditions, including suburban residential communities, pastures, and <br />woodlands (Fitzpatrick et al. 1994a). <br />Predators and the Sentinel stem <br />Predators on adult Florida scrub -jays are relatively few, with the exception of <br />falconid and accjpitrid raptors. (-louse cats and bobcats (Fees rclfus) have been <br />documented to prey on adult scrub -jays (Fitzpatrick et al. 1994a). Eastern coach <br />whips (Masticol-Ws flagellum), Eastern indigo snakes (Drymarchon corais couperll, <br />and great horned owls (Bubo virginianus) occasionally prey on adult scrub -jays <br />(Fitzpatrick et al. 1994a). However, the most dangerous native predators to scrub - <br />jays are the Cooper's hawk Wccipiter cooperhl, sharp -shinned hawk (A. striatus), <br />merlin (Falco columbarius), northern harrier (Circus cyaneus), and peregrine falcon <br />(F. peregrinus) (Breininger et al. 1995, 1996a, 1996b; Fitzpatrick et al. 1994x; <br />McGowan and Wooifenden 1989). <br />In response to foraging efficiency of these raptors, Florida scrub -jays have evolved <br />a well-developed sentinel system (McGowan and Wooifenden 1989). Individuals <br />within a family group take turns occupying an exposed perch above the oak shrubs <br />scanning for predators. When a raptor is spotted nearby, the sentinel jay gives a <br />distinctive warning call and all group members dive for cover in the nearest dense <br />vegetation. <br />Face Habits apd_Caehing <br />Florida scrub -jays forage mostly on or near the ground, often along the edges of <br />natural or man-made openings. Animal food items consist primarily of terrestrial <br />arthropods (Wooifenden and Fitzpatrick 1984; Fernald and Toland 1991; King et al. <br />1992). Vertebrate prey items comprise the minority of the diet, but may include a <br />wide array of species weighing up to 1 ounce (more than 1/3 the body weight of a <br />scrub -jay), including treefrogs, lizards, snakes, nestling birds, and mice (Toland <br />unpubl. data; King et al, 1992). <br />Acorns are extremely important in the diet of Florida -scrub jays from August <br />through November. During this tirne, scrub -jays harvest and cache thousands of <br />scrub oak acorns throughout their territory, Each scrub -jay may cache 6,000 to <br />8,000 acorns per year (DeGange et al, 1989). Acorns are typically buried beneath <br />the surface of the sand in openings in the scrub during fail, and retrieved and <br />consumed in winter and early spring. Scrub -jays on the Atlantic Coastal Ridge <br />frequently cache acorns in pine trees (Pinus spp.) at heights of from 1 to 30 feet <br />(0.3 to 91-11), usually in forks of branches, distal pine boughs, under bark, or on <br />epiphytes (Toland unpubl. data). <br />
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