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HomeMy WebLinkAbout2005-017ORDINANCE 2005- 017 AN ORDINANCE OE INDIAN RIVER COUNTY, FLORIDA, AMENDING LAND DEVELOPMENT REGULATIONS (LDRS) CHAPTER 911, ZONING, BY ESTABLISHING SECTION 911.22 OTHER CORRIDORS SPECIAL DEVELOPMENT REGULATIONS. BE IT ORDAINED BY THE BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS OF INDIAN RIVER COUNTY, FLORIDA THAT THE INDIAN RIVER COUNTY LAND DEVELOPMENT REGULATIONS (LDRS) BE AMENDED AS FOLLOWS: 1. Section 911.22. Other Corridors Special Development Regulations is hereby established to read as follows (all wording is new ordinance text): "Section 911.22 Other Corridors Special Development Regulations. (1) Purpose and intent. The overall purpose and intent of these regulations is to: (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) Promote an attractive and inviting corridor that accommodates mass transit, pedestrians, bicycles, and other transportation alternatives, as well as automobiles. Provide fora sufficient amount of attractive and well-maintained landscaping to complement buildings and structures within the corridor; Encourage development of attractive buildings within the corridor; Ensure unobtrusive and orderly signage that avoids a garish and visually cluttered appearance along the corridor; Encourage creative designs and buildings of quality that are articulated and presented ata human scale; Foster creative approaches that result in buildings of enduring character through use of quality design and building materials; and (2) Boundaries of Other Corridors. The boundaries of the "Other Corridors" subject to these regulations (911.21) are defined as follows: (a) All commercial/industrial, multi -family, and non-residential sites adjacent to the following roadway segments• 1. Oslo Road east of I-95. 2. "North" US Highway 1 between the Roseland Corridor and Wabasso Corridor boundaries. .."Central' US,'Hi'ghway 1 between the Wabasso Corridor boundary and the Vero. Beach'cify:thmits. d Street: east= o f 58th Avenue. Co- ne `South" USyHighway 1, south of the Vero Beach city limits. `North" Indian`River Boulevard, north of the Vero Beach city limits. NOTE: All wording is new wording for new Section 911.22 F:\Community Development\Users\CurDev\ORDINANCE\2005\Chapter 911.22 Other Corridors.rtf 1 (3) ORDINANCE 2005- 017 7. "South" Indian River Boulevard, south of the Vero Beach city limits. 8. 37th Street between US Highway 1 and Indian River Boulevard. 9. "West" CR510 from the Wabasso Corridor (66th Avenue) to CR512. 10. "West" CR512 from the Sebastian city limits to the western edge of the commercial/industrial area at I-95. (b) All commercial/industrial designated areas within the following "nodes": • Oslo Road/43rd Avenue • Oslo Road/27th Avenue • Oslo Road/20th Avenue • Oslo Road/I-95 and 74th Avenue • Indian River Memorial Hospital Medical and Commercial/Industrial Node Exemptions: 1. Multi -family development shall be exempt from foundation planting landscaping requirements, prohibitions on textured plywood as a finish product, and from requirements to screen roof vents. 2. Industrial and storage buildings located in the CH, IL, and IG zoning districts shall be exempted from foundation planting landscaping requirements and architectural/building requirements for building facades that do not abut residentially designated areas or front on public roads. However, all sides of industrial buildings shall satisfy the color requirements. 3. Electrical substations and similar uses that prohibit access by the public onto the site may be exempted from architectural/building requirements, if the exempted building(s) and equipment will be visually screened from adjacent properties and roadways. 4. Historic Buildings and Resources: In accordance with future land use element objective 8 and LDR Chapter 933, historic buildings and resources identified in the "Historic Properties Survey of Indian River County, Florida," or by the Historic Resources Advisory Committee, and located within the corridor are exempt from special corridor requirements to the extent that applying the special corridor requirements would: a. Conflict with the preservation or restoration of a historic building or resource; or b. Threaten or destroy the historical significance of an identified historic building or resource. NOTE: All wording is new wording for new Section 911.22 2 F:\Community Development\Users\CurDev\ORDINANCE\2005\Chapter 911.22 Other Corridors.rtf ORDINANCE 2005- 017 Said exemption shall be reviewed by and may be granted by the planning and zoning commission upon receiving a recommendation from staff and the Historic Resources Advisory Committee. (4) Definitions. The following terms are defined for the corridor special development regulations: (a) Facade: For purposes of applying architectural/building standards, a facade shall mean any face of a building (including the visible portion of roof) which is visible from a roadway and/or residentially designated area. (b) Low sloped roof A roof with a slope less than 4:12 (rise:run). Flat roofs are included in this term and classification. (5) (c) Visible roof structure: A partial or perimeter roof (used in conjunction with a low sloped roof) that gives the appearance of having a true gable, hip, shed, or mansard roof. A parapet wall is not a "visible roof structure." (d) In all sections other than Color and Building Graphics, the terms "finish" and "exposed" shall refer to materials or systems which may be visible, and shall not refer to a paint or coloring system applied over said materials or systems. Visually offensive elements: Structures that include: vending machines, gaming machines, ice machines, telephones, walk-in coolers/freezers, transformers, electrical equipment (including panels and meters), water or waste piping and valves, pumps, satellite dishes, antennas, fans, exhaust vents, compressors, generators, tanks, and similar equipment. (f) Nuisance elements: Structures that have visual and noise impacts, including; loading and unloading dock areas, dumpster and trash container areas, and commercial grade HVAC equipment. Nonconforming sign: A sign located in the corridor that was permitted prior to adoption of the corridor special regulations and does not meet these special sign regulations. (h) Nonconforming property: A property with improvements that were permitted prior to the adoption of the corridor special regulations and that do not meet the corridor special regulations. (i) Compatible property: Any property with improvements, permitted prior to the adoption of this Code, and conforming to the corridor's: a) building thoroughfare plan road buffer: b) color; and c) signage requirements (e) (g) Landscaping. The countywide landscaping. requirements of LDR Chapter 926 shall apply except as noted herein. (a) Increased canopy tree size. All canopy trees shall have a minimum height of twelve (12) feet and minimum spread of six (6) feet at time of planting. Palm tree clusters may be used as canopy trees as specified in the landscape ordinance. However, such NOTE: All wording is new wording for new Section 911.22 3 F:\Community Development\Users\CurDev\ORDINANCE\2005\Chapter 911.22 Other Corridors.rtf (b) (c) (d) ORDINANCE 2005- 017 palm trees shall have a minimum clear trunk of twelve (12) feet. Thoroughfare plan road buffer. Within the corridor area, the following landscape buffer shall be provided along the entire length of a site's thoroughfare plan road frontage: Buffer Depth 20' or more with berm 1' — 3' 15' with berm l' — 3' Minimum Planting/Berm Requirements per 100' 4 canopy trees 5 understory trees Continuous hedge, off -set double row, 3' shrubs at planting 4.5 canopy trees 5.5 understory trees Continuous hedge, off -set double row, 2' - 3' shrubs at planting The required combined depth of the thoroughfare plan road buffer and the foundation planting strip on any site shall not exceed ten percent (10%) of the depth of the site, measured perpendicular to the thoroughfare plan road. Project sites with a depth from a thoroughfare plan road of four hundred (400) feet or less shall have a buffer depth of at least fifteen (15) feet Sites with a depth over four hundred (400) feet shall have a buffer depth of at least twenty (20) feet. (See Figures 2-4 and F-5 at end of section 911.18. "Wabasso Corridor Regulations") 1NOTE: The hedge and berm combination shall provide a visual screen a minimum of four (4) feet high above the grade of the project site parking area. Local road and exclusive access driveway buffer. Landscape strips along local roads and exclusive driveways (as defined in the traffic ordinance) within the corridor plan area must contain two (2) understory trees for every thirty (30) lineal feet. Interior parking area In addition to the normal interior parking area requirements of LDR Chapter 926. 1. Uncovered parking spaces shall be located no more than five (5) spaces away from a planted landscape area. Said landscape area may be on the parking lot perimeter or interior to the parking lot. This requirement may be waived by the planning and zoning commission where tree preservation efforts require a clustering of interior parking green area around existing trees rather than a spread out placement of landscape islands. 2. Landscape islands shall be backfilled at least to the top of curb or protective barrier, and may be bermed to a maximum height of twenty-four (24) inches above the adjacent parking lot grade. NOTE: All wording is new wording for new Section 911.22 4 F:\Community Development\Users\CurDev\ORDINANCE\2005\Chapter 911.22 Other Corridors.rtf • (e) ORDINANCE 2005-017 Foundation plantings. Foundation plantings shall be required as stated below for buildings in commercial and industrial areas and for businesses allowed in residential areas. However, for industrial and storage buildings located in the CH, IL, and IG zoning districts, foundation planting strips shall be exempted for sides of buildings not fronting on a residentially designated area, or public road. In addition, industrially zoned manufacturing uses in the 98th Avenue manufacturing district and historic buildings and resources are exempt from foundation planting requirements to the extent provided for in section 911.19(3)(a)5. and 6. of this ordinance. 1. Along the front, sides and rear of buildings, the following foundation planting landscape strips shall be provided in accordance with the building height: Building Height Up to 12' high 12' to 25' high Over 25' high Foundation Planting Strip Depth' 5' depth 10' depth 15' depth • 'A distance measured perpendicular to the building, from the foundation outward. The required combined depth of the thoroughfare plan road buffer and the foundation planting strip on any site shall not exceed ten percent (10%) of the depth of the site, measured perpendicular to the thoroughfare plan road. 2. Within such foundation planting landscape strips, the following landscaping shall be provided: a. Forty (40) percent of the foundation perimeter (excluding entranceways and overhead doors) along all building faces shall be landscaped, as follows: *For buildings up to 12' in height Minimum planting area depth: Minimum plant material required: *For buildings of 12' to 25' in height Minimum planting area depth: 5' * 1 palm tree or appropriate canopy tree for every 10 lineal feet of planting strip (clustered) * 1 understory tree for every 20 lineal feet of required planting strip * 3 shrubs for every 10 square feet of required planting area * Ground cover, flowering plants or sod in the remaining planting area 10' NOTE' All wording is new wording for new Section 911.22 F:\Community Development\Users\CurDev\ORDINANCE\2005\Chapter 911.22 Other Corridors.rtf 5 ORDINANCE 2005- 017 Minimum planting material required. *For buildings over 25' in height Minimum planting area depth: Minimum plant material required: * 1 canopy tree for every 10 lineal feet of required planting strip (3 palms with a minimum height of 12' each may be substituted for each canopy tree) * 1 understory tree for every 20 lineal feet of required planting strip * 3 shrubs for every 10 square feet of required planting area * Ground cover, flowering plants or sod in the remaining planting area 15' * 1 canopy tree for every 7 lineal feet of required planting strip (3 palms with a minimum height of 16' each may be substituted for each canopy tree) * 1 understory tree for every 10 lineal feet of required planting area * 3 shrubs for every 10 square feet * f required planting area * Ground cover, flowering plants or sod in the remaining planting area b. The following modifications are allowed upon approval from the community development director or his designee: 1. Foundation planting strips may be located away from buildings to avoid conflicts with architectural features (e g., roof overhangs), driveways, and vehicular areas serving drive -up windows. 2. The depth of foundation planting strips may be modified if the overall minimum area covered by the foundation plantings proposed meets or exceeds the area encompassed by a typical layout. (f) Increased foundation plantings for "blank facade" building faces. As referenced in the architectural/building standards section of this plan, "blank facade" building faces that are unarticulated are allowed if foundation plantings are provided as specified above with a one hundred (100) percent increase (doubling) in required plant material quantities (as specified above). (See Figure F-7 through F-10 at the end of section 911.19) NOTE: All wording is new wording for new Section 911.22 6 F:\Community Development\Users\CurDev\ORDINANCE\2005\Chapter 911.22 Other Corridors.rtf ORDINANCE 2005- 017 (6) Connection to pedestrian system. Projects fronting on roads with existing or planned/required sidewalks and/or bikeways shall provide a pedestrian path from the project to the existing or future sidewalk and/or bikeway. Said pedestrian path shall have a minimum width of five (5) feet, shall consist of a rigid surface meeting Florida Accessibility Code requirements, and may include properly marked areas that cross parking lots and driveways. (7) Architectural/building standards. (a) Prohibited architectural styles: The following are prohibited: 1. Corporate signature or commercial prototype architecture, unless such is consistent with these special corridor requirements. Examples of such prohibited architecture include flat roofed convenience stores, gas stations, and canopies for gas stations, car washes, and drive through facilities (see Figure B-1 in 911.19). 2. Any kitsch architecture (such as a building that does not resemble a typical structure), including: structures or elements that resemble an exaggerated plant, fish, edible food, or other such items such as giant oranges, ice cream cones, dinosaurs. 3. Any architecture having a historical reference that is so different from current design philosophy that such reference is inconsistent and/or incompatible with surrounding structures. Examples of such include: igloos, domes or geodesic domes, Quonset style structures, teepees, log cabins, western "false fronts," medieval castles, caves, and the like. (b) Architectural/building special requirements for shopping centers and out parcels: The materials, exterior finishes, signage and colors of shopping centers and structures developed on shopping center outparcels shall be compatible and harmonious with each other as determined by which structures are developed first This requirement maybe waived by the community development department if: 1. The initial shopping center or outparcel was built prior to the enactment of the corridor special regulations and 2. It is determined by the community development department that enforcement of this requirement would conflict with the intent of these corridor special requirements. (c) General design criteria: 1. Buildings with facades fronting on more than one street shall have similar design considerations (e.g. roof treatment, building articulation, entrance features, and window placement) and consistent detailing on all street frontages. 2. General prohibitions and restrictions: a. Flat, blank, unarticulated, or massive facades fronting on a roadway, exclusive access drive or residentially designated area are prohibited. NOTE: All wording is new wording for new Section 911.22 F:\Community Development\Users\CurDev\ORDINANCE\2005\Chapter 911.22 Other Corridors.rtf 7 ORDINANCE 2005- 017 Facades fronting such roads, drives, or areas shall be designed to incorporate architectural elements providing breaks in the planes of exterior walls and/or roofs to articulate the building and to lessen the appearance of excessive mass. Facades should incorporate elements relating to human scale, and can be divided by use of: proportional expression of structure, openings, arcades, canopies, fenestration, changes in materials, cornice details, molding details, changes in the heights of different sections of the building, and the like (stepping or sloping of a parapet wall in conjunction with a low sloped roof is prohibited). Flat, blank, unarticulated, or massive facades will be permitted on the sides and rear of a building where "blank facade foundation plantings" are provided for such building facade faces (see foundation plantings section for requirements). b. The following materials or systems are prohibited as a finish and/or exposed product corrugated or ribbed metal panels, smooth finish concrete block (standard concrete masonry units), precast concrete tee systems, plywood or textured plywood. Plywood shall be allowed for soffit material. c. Any canopy (such as for a gas station, car wash, or drive through facility) that is wholly or partially within seventy-five (75) feet of a thoroughfare plan road right-of-way shall meet the following requirements concerning maximum facia height (this pertains to all facia on the above described canopy, including any canopy facia that continues beyond the seventy -five-foot limit): ROOF SLOPE DISTANCE less than 10 feet 10 to 20 feet greater than 20 feet MAXIMUM FACIA HEIGHT 8 inches 12 inches 16 inches (See Figure F-11 at the end of section 911.19) d. Plastic or metal is prohibited as a finish material for walls or trim. Plastic is prohibited as a finish material for slope roofs, visible roof structures, and facias. Although prohibited in general, certain metal and plastic construction products may be approved by the planning and zoning commission, upon a written request and product sample submitted by the applicant. The planning and zoning commission may approve use of the material if the following criteria are satisfied: i. The product shall appear authentic from the closest distance that it will be viewed by the general public ii. The product shall be substantial. Thin and flimsy imitations are unacceptable. NOTE: All wording is new wording for new Section 911.22 8 F:\Community Development\Users\CurDev\ORDINANCE\2005\Chapter 911.22 Other Corridors.rtf ORDINANCE 2005- 017 The product shall hold up as well as the product it is imitating. That is, it must be fabricated in such a way that it will retain its original shape, appearance, and color, as well as the product it is imitating. iv. The product's color shall resemble the color of the product it is imitating. e. Any exposed masonry in a stack bond is prohibited. f. Lighting structures or strip lighting that follows the form of the building, parts of the building, or building elements is prohibited. Neon and similar tube and fiber optic lighting and similar linear lighting systems, where the neon or lighting tube or fiber is visible, is prohibited (this restriction includes site signage). h. Backlit transparent or translucent architectural elements, backlit architectural elements, as well as illuminated or backlit awnings and roof mounted elements are prohibited. This does not prohibit the use of glass blocks. This does not prohibit the use of an illuminated sign attached to a building. i. Facades that appear to be primarily awnings are prohibited. An awning shall not run continuously for more than thirty (30) percent of the length of any single facade. Gaps between awning segments shall be at least twenty-four (24) inches wide. Placement of awning segments shall relate to building features (e.g. doorways and windows), where possible. Awnings shall not exceed twenty-five (25) percent of the area of any single facade. Drive -up windows shall not be located on a building facade that faces a residential area or a roadway unless architecturally integrated into the building and screened by landscaping, equivalent to the material in a local road buffer that runs the length of the drive-through lane. Speakers shall be oriented so as not to project sound toward residential areas. k. Accessory structures, including sheds, out buildings, dumpster enclosures, and screening structures, shall match the style, finish, and color of the site's main building Metal utility sheds and temporary car canopies are prohibited. (d) Roofs and parapets: 1. Sloped roofs: Gable, hip, and shed style roofs shall have a slope no less than 4:12 (rise:run). Mansard style roofs with a slope greater than 30A2 (rise:run) are prohibited. Generous eaves on sloped roofs are encouraged. Any roof NOTE: All wording is new wording for new Section 911.22 9 F:\Community Development\Users\CurDev\ORDINANCE\2005\Chapter 911.22 Other Corridors.rtf ORDINANCE 2005- 017 with a slope less than 4:12 (rise:run) ("low sloped roof') shall not be visible from a roadway and/or residentially designated area. Low sloped roofs must be screened with a visible roof structure or parapet wall. 2. Visible roof structures: Visible roof structures shall be of such height, bulk, and mass, so as to appear structural, even where the design is non-structural, and shall have a minimum vertical rise of six (6) feet (not including facia). Visible roof structures shall have a slope no less than 4:12 (rise:run). Mansard style visible roof structures with a slope greater than 30:12 (rise:run) are prohibited. Where visible roof structures are utilized in a building design, they shall be continuous around all sides of the structure, except where incorporated with a parapet wall or other architectural element (this does not allow "stuck -on" roofs). Any facade that is not visible from a roadway, exclusive access drive, or residentially designated area, such as facades that are interior to a tightly spaced compound of buildings, will not require a continuous visible roof structure on that facade. Any building with less than three thousand five hundred (3,500) square feet of ground floor area shall have a visible roof structure on all facades. 3. The following roof styles are prohibited: "A frame," bowstring, dome, gambrel, non -symmetrical gable or hip (different slope on each side of ridge). Quonset, and Polynesian (gable or hip roof with up to a 1012 (rise:run) maximum pitch with a "skirted" or "flared" lower portion at a 3:12 (rise:run) minimum pitch is allowed). 4. The ridge or plane of a roof (or visible roof structure), that runs parallel (or slightly parallel) with a roadway shall not run continuous for more than one hundred (100) feet without offsetting or jogging (vertically or horizontally) the roof ridge or plane a minimum of sixteen (16) inches (see Figure B-2 in 911.19). Low slope roofs and parapet walls are excluded from this requirement. 5. Roofing on sloped roofs and visible roof structures shall be limited to the following systems: architectural standing seam metal, galvanized 5-V crimp, cedar shingles or shakes, slate, clay tile, or cement tile Architectural standing seam roofs shall be limited to the following systems: flat metal panels with narrow raised seams running twelve (12) to twenty (20) inches apart, which are secured with continuous seam covers or mechanically seamed. Light and natural colors, as well as mill finish metal roofs are encouraged. Mixing colors of metal panels is prohibited. 6. Roofing materials are prohibited for use as a finish material on parapets or any surface with a slope greater than 30:12 (rise:run), up to and including vertical surfaces. This pertains only to those surfaces visible from adjacent property, exclusive access drives or roadways. This does not exclude the use of metal facia six (6) inches or less in height, use of typical metal flashing, wall cap, drip edge, and the like, use of roofing materials as a screening device (as long as it does not function as a building's parapet), and use of cedar shingles or shakes as a wall material used below the roof line. NOTE: All wording is new wording for new Section 911.22 F:\Community Development\Users\CurDev\ORDINANCE\2005\Chapter 911.22 Other Corridors.rtf 10 ORDINANCE 2005- 017 7 Plastic or metal roof panels or systems, asphalt or fiberglass shingles that are not dimensional or architectural, corrugated or ribbed roof panels, hot mopped systems, built-up, gravel, torched on, foam or fluid applied, roll or membrane roofing, and the like are prohibited on any roof which is visible from any roadway and/or residentially designated area This does not exclude the use of architectural standing seam metal roofing or galvanized 5-V crimp metal roofing. Use of metal or plastic roofing materials may be approved as specified under the section on finish materials for walls, facia, and trim. 8. "Stuck -on" visible roof structures are not permitted, (see Figure B-3 in 911.19). Partial parapet walls are prohibited If a parapet wall is used on a building, then a parapet wall of the same style and material is to be continuous around all sides of the structure, except where incorporated with a visible roof structure or other architectural element Introduction of any visible roof structure shall not appear "fake." Any facade that is not visible from a roadway and/or residentially designated area shall not require a continuous parapet wall on that facade. Steeping or sloping of a parapet wall in conjunction with a low sloped roof is prohibited. (e) Site elements: 1. All telephones, vending machines, or any facility dispensing merchandise or a service on private property shall be confined to a space built into the building or buildings, or enclosed in a separate structure compatible with the main building's architecture. These areas are to be designed with the safety of the user in mind. Public phones and ATMs should have twenty -four-hour access. 2. No advertising will be allowed on any exposed amenity or facility such as benches or trash containers. 3. When feasible, existing specimen trees should be preserved in place or relocated on site. Use of tree wells, as well as adaptation and variations of siting in order to conserve native vegetation, is encouraged. 4. The use of thematic and decorative site lighting is encouraged. Low lights of a modest scale can be used along with feature lighting that emphasizes plants, trees, entrances, and exits. Light bollards are encouraged along pedestrian paths. The color of the light sources (lamp) should be consistent throughout the project. Color of site lighting luminaries, poles, and the like; shall be limited to dark bronze, black, or dark green (decorative fixtures attached to buildings are exempt from fixture color requirement) Lighting is not to be used as a form of advertising or in a manner that draws considerably more attention to the building or grounds at night than in the day. Site lighting shall be designed to direct light into the property. It is to avoid any annoyance to the neighbors from brightness or glare. NOTE: All wording is new wording for new Section 911.22 F:\Community Development\Users\CurDev\ORDINANCE\2005\Chapter 911.22 Other Corridors.rtf 11 (f) ORDINANCE 2005- 017 a. Roadway style luminaries (fixtures) such as cobra heads, Nema heads, and the like are prohibited. Wall pack and flood light luminaries are prohibited where the light source would be visible from a roadway, parking area and/or residentially designated area. High intensity discharge (e.g. high pressure sodium, metal halide, mercury vapor tungsten halogen) lighting fixtures mounted on buildings and poles higher than eighteen (18) feet above parking lot grade, and lighting elements associated with canopies, shall be directed perpendicular to the ground. Other than decorative and low level/low height lighting, no. light source or lens shall project above or below a fixture box, shield, or canopy Each lighting element or fixture associated with a canopy shall be individually recessed into the canopy (above the canopy ceiling). (See Figures F-12 and F-13 at the end of section 911.19) Screening devices: 1. "Visually offensive elements," whether freestanding, mounted on roofs, or located anywhere on a structure, shall be concealed from view on all sides. Individual screens, building elements, or appropriate landscaping, are to be used to completely screen the offensive elements from view from adjacent roads, properties, and parking areas. Parapet walls, visible roof structures, individual screens, or building elements; shall be used to completely screen roof mounted, visually offensive elements from view from any point around the entire building perimeter. Screening devices shall relate to the building's style of architecture and materials. All screening devices shall be designed so that no part of the offensive element extends beyond the top of the screen, measured vertically (see Figure B-4 in 911.19) Rooftop screening devices shall not be required for plumbing roof vents, which are less than four (4) inches in diameter and less than twelve (12) inches above roof penetration. These roof vents are to be located where they will be least visible from roadways. 2. "Nuisance elements" shall be visually screened from adjacent roadways and/or residentially designated areas with solid walls in addition to any required landscaping Loading dock buffering shall meet Chapter 926 standards: all other walls shall be a minimum of six (6) feet in height. All dumpster and trash container areas shall be completely screened on all sides. Acoustical material shall be used on the inside face of walls around HVAC equipment. 3. Individual screens and walls shall relate to the building's style of architecture and materials. A durable material such as reinforced concrete masonry units is recommended with an architecturally compatible finish. Wood fences are discouraged. 4. Chain link fencing, with or without slats, is prohibited as a screening device for screening visually offensive elements and nuisance elements. NOTE: All wording is new wording for new Section 911.22 F:\Community Development\Users\CurDev\ORDINANCE\2005\Chapter 911.22 Other Corridors.rtf 12 ORDINANCE 2005- 017 (8) Colors and building graphics. (a) The following building graphics are prohibited: polka dots, circles, vertical stripes, diagonal stripes or lines, plaids, animals, and symbols such as lightning bolts. However, legally registered trademarks, which directly relate to the building occupant (not trademarks of products or services sold or displayed) are allowed, subject to applicable sign and color regulations. (b) Color Standards. All buildings and accessory structures within the SR 60 Corridor shall be limited to the following colors: 1. Base building colors: Base building colors relate to wall and parapet wall areas and shall be limited to the colors listed in the SR 60 Corridor Master Color List. These colors consist of white and light neutral colors in the warm range. 2. Secondary building colors: Secondary building colors relate to larger trim areas and shall be limited to the colors listed in the SR 60 Corridor Master Color List, Secondary building colors shall not exceed thirty (30) percent of the surface area of any one building facade elevation. These colors consist of a mid-range intensity of the base building colors and complementary colors, and include all base building colors. 3. Trim colors: Trim colors are used for accent of smaller trim areas, are the brightest group of colors allowed, and include all base building and secondary building colors. Use of metallic colors (i.e.: gold, silver, bronze, chrome, etc ... ) and use of garish colors, such as fluorescent colors (e.g. hot pink, shocking yellow), is prohibited. Trim colors shall not exceed ten (10) percent of the surface area of any one building facade elevation. Where trim colors are used in a building facade sign, the trim color area of the facade sign shall be included in the percentage limitation on the trim color surface area. 4. Roof colors (requirements for roofs that are visible from a roadway and/or residentially designated area): Metal roof colors shall be limited to the colors listed in the SR 60 Corridor Master Color List's "Metal Roof Colors." These colors consist of natural mill finish, white, light neutral colors in the warm range, blue, and a limited number of earth -tone colors. Mixing or alternating colors of metal panels is prohibited. For non-metal roofs, other than natural variations in color or color blends within a tile, the mixing or alternating of roof color in the same roof material is prohibited. Colors and color blends shall not be contrary to the intent of this code. Color for roofing, which is glazed, slurry coated, or artificially colored on the surface by any other means shall be limited to the same colors as approved for metal roofs. 5. Natural finish materials: The color requirements listed above shall not apply to the colors of true natural finish materials such as brick, stone, terra cotta, concrete roof tiles, slate, integrally colored concrete masonry units, copper, NOTE: All wording is new wording for new Section 911.22 F:\Community Development\Users\CurDev\ORDINANCE\2005\Chapter 911.22 Other Corridors.rtf 13 ORDINANCE 2005- 017 and wood. Colors commonly found in natural materials are acceptable, unless such material has been artificially colored in a manner, which would be contrary to the intent of these requirements. Black, gray, blue, or extremely dark colors for brick, concrete masonry units, roofing, wood or stone is prohibited. (This provision shall not prohibit the use of colors for natural finish roofing materials that match those colors approved for metal roofs.) 6. Awning colors: Awning colors may include base building colors and/or secondary building colors and/or trim colors. However, secondary building colors and trim color area used for awnings shall be included in the percentage limitation on the secondary building color and trim color surface area of a facade. (c) The SR 60 Corridor Master Color List and approved color board shall be maintained by and made available by planning staff. The list can be mailed or faxed upon request. (9) Special sign regulations. (a) Scope: These special regulations consist of additional requirements above and beyond the county sign ordinance and shall supersede any less restrictive provisions found in the sign ordinance. All signage shall comply with the requirements of the sign ordinance except as modified by these special sign regulations. (b) Approval for change of sign design required • Any exterior change to corridor signage which was: originally required to comply with these special sign regulations shall require review and approval by the community development department. Such changes shall include, but not be limited to, changes of: sign area (square footage), sign copy area (square footage), sign copy (this does not apply to "changeable copy" signage), height, shape, style, location, colors, materials, or method of illumination. Routine maintenance and replacement of materials which does not affect the approved design shall be exempt from this review and approval. Changes to signs not originally required to comply with these special sign regulations are addressed in the "nonconforming signs" section of these regulations. (c) Prohibited signs (this is in addition to sign ordinance section 956.12 prohibitions): The following are prohibited: 1. Lights or illuminations that flash, move, rotate, scintillate, blink, flicker, or vary in intensity or color, except for time -temperature -date signs. Public signs permitted pursuant to sign ordinance section 956.11(2)(b) are excluded from this prohibition and are allowed. 2. Electronic message boards and message centers, electronic adjustable alternation displays, or any sign that automatically displays words, numerals, and or characters in a programmed manner. Traffic regulatory and directional signs permitted pursuant to sign ordinance section 956.11(2)(b) are excluded from this prohibition and are allowed. NOTE: All wording is new wording for new Section 911.22 F:\Community Development\Users\CurDev\ORDINANCE\2005\Chapter 911.22 Other Corridors.rtf 14 ORDINANCE 2005- 017 3. Portable or trailer style changeable copy signs. 4. Signs with the optical illusion of movement by means of a design that presents a pattern capable of giving the illusion of motion or changing of copy. 5. Strings of light bulbs used on non-residential structures for commercial purposes, other than traditional holiday decorations at the appropriate time of the year. 6. Signs that emit audible sound, odor, or visible matter, such as smoke or steam. 7. Plastic or glass sign faces (including but not limited to: acrylic, LexanR, or PlexiglasR). High density polyurethane and PVC are exempt from this prohibition. Portions of a sign which are changeable copy are exempt from this prohibition. When used in conjunction with cut-out or routered metal cabinets, plastic used only for copy or logos is exempt from this prohibition. Plastic used for illuminated individual channel letters or logos is exempt from this prohibition. Although highly discouraged, a plastic sign face will be allowed only when all of the following requirements are met for the plastic portions of a sign: • i. Plastic shall be pan formed faced (embossed and/or de -bossed copy and logos are encouraged). ii. Regardless of the opaqueness of a sign, all plastic signage backgrounds shall be a dark color to reduce light transmission from signage background); white background shall not be allowed. All signage background colors shall be limited to those colors with a formula having a minimum black content of eleven (11) percent, and a maximum white content of forty-nine (49). Color formulas will be based on the Pantone Matching SystemR. iii. All color must be applied on the "second surface" (inside face of plastic). iv. Nothing shall be applied to the "first surface" (outside face of plastic) (i.e.: paint, vinyl, etc.,) 8. 'Neon and similar tube, fiber optic, and intense linear lighting systems, where the neon or lighting tube or fiber is visible. 9. Plywood used for permanent signs. 10. Any material used in such a manner for a permanent sign that results in a flat sign without dimension, having a semblance to a "plywood or temporary looking sign." NOTE: All wording is new wording for new Section 911.22 F:\Community Development\Users\CurDev\ORDINANCE\2005\Chapter 911.22 Other Corridors.rtf 15 ORDINANCE 2005- 017 11. Installation of an additional sign (or signs) that does not harmonize with the design or materials of the initial sign, such as: i. Rear illuminated plastic faced sign with a "wood look" front illuminated sign. ii. Combination of signs with cabinets, faces or structure of awkwardly different materials or proportions. iii. Attachment or mounting of signs where mounting hardware is left exposed. iv. Signs with different color cabinets, frames, or structure. 12. Appliques or letters of vinyl and similar materials for use on any permanent monument, freestanding, or roof signs. They are also prohibited for use on any permanent wall or facade signs that exceed three (3) square feet. Window signs as allowed in this chapter are excluded from this prohibition. Regardless of size, appliques or vinyl letters are prohibited for use on plastic sign faces. 13. Individual styrofoam, plastic or wood letters or the like exceeding four (4) inches in height are prohibited for use on any permanent monument, freestanding, roof, wall, or facade signs. This prohibition does not apply to illuminated individual metal channel letters or the plastic letter typically used for changeable copy signs. 14. Changeable copy signs for office, industrial, commercial and residential uses, except theaters, places of assembly, and the posting of gasoline prices. (d) Signs that are encouraged: 1. Shaped and fashioned "wood look" multi level signs (i.e.: sand blasted or carved), and signs having durable sign cabinet material such as high density polyurethane and PVC, rather than actual wood or MDO. 2. Internally illuminated aluminum cabinet with textured finish, and cut-out inset or push through acrylic letters. (Note that color may be applied to the "first surface" on push through acrylic letters for this type of sign.) 3. Backlit reverse pan channel letters (opaque faced) mounted on sign that is harmonious with the project's architecture. 4. Signage that relates to the building's style of architecture and materials. 5. Thematic signage. NOTE: All wording is new wording for new Section 911.22 F:\Community Development\Users\CurDev\ORDINANCE\2005\Chapter 911.22 Other Corridors.rtf 16 ORDINANCE 2005- 017 6. Where allowed, changeable copy signs that have a dark opaque background with translucent lettering. (e) Reduction in sign sizes and dimensions: Modifications to Table 1 (freestanding signs) and Table 2 (wall signs), Schedule of Regulations for Permanent Signs Requiring Permits, sign ordinance. 1. Freestanding signs: i. Maximum cumulative signage: Reduce to fifty (50) percent of what is allowed in Table 1, except for I-95 signs as described in iii, below. ii. Maximum signage on a single face: Reduce to fifty (50) percent of what is allowed in Table 1, except for I-95 signs as described in iii, below. Maximum height: Reduce to thirty (30) percent of what is allowed in Table 1, but no less than six (6) feet and no greater than ten (10) feet. Maximum height and size modifications do not apply to properties located within one thousand (1,000) feet of I-95 entrance or exit ramps where an applicant demonstrates that a taller proposed sign is oriented so as to be seen by I-95 motorists approaching the SR 60 interchange. For properties located between one thousand (1,000) feet and two thousand (2,000) feet of I-95 entrance or exit ramps, a maximum sign height of twenty (20) feet and a maximum sign area of one hundred (100) square feet shall be allowed. Any pole for such a sign shall be colored dark bronze, black, or dark green. All other special restrictions and prohibitions shall apply. a. Sign base and sign pole base landscaping: for signs near I-95 allowed to exceed twenty (20) feet in height, sign bases and sign pole bases shall be screened from view of the adjacent roadway with a minimum of three (3) canopy trees, three (3) understory trees, and a continuous hedge having a height at planting of at least three (3) feet above grade. For signs allowed to exceed ten (10) feet in height but limited to a height of twenty (20) feet, sign bases and sign pole bases shall be screened from view of the adjacent roadway with a minimum of three (3) understory trees and a continuous hedge having a height at planting of at least three (3) feet above grade. (See Figures F-14 and F-15 at the end of section 911.19). iv. For development involving sites of forty (40) acres or more the ten (10) feet sign height requirement may be waived by the Board of County Commissioners if the development project applicant prepares and the Board of County Commissioners approves a sign package that reduces the total sign area otherwise allowed under the corridor plan NOTE: All wording is new wording for new Section 911.22 F:\Community Development\Users\CurDev\ORDINANCE\2005\Chapter 911.22 Other Corridors.rtf 17 ORDINANCE 2005- 017 and sign ordinance by ten (10) percent or more. Outparcels on larger sites shall comply with the six (6) feet to ten (10) feet height limitations specified above. v. Required setbacks from property lines or right-of-way: One (1) foot subject to satisfaction of sight distance requirements. vi. Number of allowable signs per street frontage: No change from Table 1, Footnote #2 of Table 1 shall be modified, requiring a minimum of two hundred (200) feet of separation between signs along the same street frontage. 2. Wall/facade signs. i. Maximum sign area allowed: Reduce to fifty (50) percent of what is allowed in Table 2. 3. Modifications to these special sign sizes and dimensions regulations may be approved through the PD (Planned Development) process. (0 Colors: 1. The following colors are encouraged for signage: i. Use of earth -tone colors and pastels. ii. Darker backgrounds with light color sign copy. (g) iii. Use of colors that match or are compatible with the project's architecture. 2. The following colors are prohibited for signage: i. The use of shiny or bright metallic or mill finish colors (i.e.: gold, silver, bronze, chrome, aluminum, stainless steel, etc ... ). Colors such as medium or dark bronze are acceptable and encouraged. Polished or weathered true bronze, brass, or copper metal finishes are acceptable and encouraged. Precious metal colors are allowed on sand blasted or carved "wood look" style signs. ii. The use of garish colors, such as fluorescent colors, is prohibited. iii. The use of black for signage background. Changeable copy signage is excluded from this prohibition. Multi -tenant spaces: Applicants of proposed multi -tenant projects, such as shopping centers, out parcels, industrial complexes and parks, and office complexes and parks, shall submit a sign program for review and approval. This sign program shall NOTE: All wording is new wording for new Section 911.22 F:\Community Development\Users\CurDev\ORDINANCE\2005\Chapter 911.22 Other Corridors.rtf 18 ORDINANCE 2005- 017 communicate the coordination and consistency of design, colors, materials, illumination, and locations of signage. In a multi -tenant project where no established pattern exists as described above, the owner of the multi -tenant project shall be required to submit a sign program for approval prior to issuance of any new sign permits fora tenant space. (h) Design criteria and additional restrictions and allowances: 1. Freestanding signage: i. All freestanding signs restricted to a maximum height of no more than sixteen (16) feet shall be of a wide -based monument style. Pole signs are discouraged, but may be permitted when the supporting structures are completely screened from view with landscaping or berm features. Said landscaping and/or berming shall cover and screen the entire area beneath the sign at time of certificate of occupancy (C.O.) issuance. Design and locational requirements may be modified for compliance with sight distance standards, upon approval from the publicworks and community development directors or their designees. ii. Any freestanding signs constructed from flat panel material, such as high density polyurethane, MDO, sheet metal, or the like, shall have a distance of no less than eight (8) inches from face to face, and shall be enclosed on all sides to cover internal frame. 2. Freestanding changeable copy signs: i. Where allowed, a freestanding changeable copy sign shall not comprise more than eighty (80) percent of the total area of the actual sign. 3. Wall/facade signage: i. The maximum vertical dimension of a facade or wall sign shall not exceed twenty-five (25) percent of the building height. ii. Awnings with lettering shall be considered wall signs. Where lettering is used on an awning, the area of lettering shall be included in the percentage limitation of a project's sign area. iii. Lettering, logos, and trim colors on canopy facia shall be considered a wall sign and shall be limited to thirty-three (33) percent of the facia area of any one elevation. Internally illuminated signs shall not be placed on a canopy structure, and no sign shall be placed above the facia on a canopy structure. NOTE: All wording is new wording for new Section 911 22 F:\Community Development\Users\CurDev\ORDINANCE\2005\Chapter 911.22 Other Corridors.rtf • 19 • (1) ORDINANCE 2005- 017 iv. Wall signs (facade signs) are prohibited on roofs with a slope less than 20:12 (rise:run) pitch. Wall signs mounted on a roof shall be enclosed on all sides to cover the internal frame and its connection to the roof. Also see IRC LDR's Section 956.12(1)(o). 4. Changeable copy wall signs for theaters: i. Theaters may utilize up to eighty (80) percent of actual sign area for display of names of films, plays or other performances currently showing. 5. Illumination: i. All external flood sign illumination shall be mounted. at grade, directly in front of the sign area. Light source shall be completely shielded from oncoming motorist's view. 6. Window signs: "Window signs" shall include permanently affixed window signs, temporary window signs, and any signs or displays located within three (3) feet of the window, door, or storefront. Window signs shall not exceed ten (10) percent of the window storefront area (window panes and framing) per store or business, and in no case shall exceed fifty (50) square feet per store or business. Street address numbers and lettering, and flyers or posters related to not for profit events and organizations, shall not count as window signage. "Open," "closed," hours of operations and identification window signage totaling up to four (4) square feet shall not count as window signage. Nonconforming signs: It is the intent of these regulations to allow nonconforming signs to continue until they are no longer used or become hazardous, and to encourage conformance to these special sign regulations. A "compatible freestanding sign" shall be defined as any freestanding sign permitted prior to the adoption of these special regulations, and conforming to the SR 60 maximum height requirements for a freestanding sign, and wide -based monument style mounting for a freestanding sign. 1. Nonconforming signs are subject to the following: i. Nonconforming signs or nonconforming sign structures on sites abandoned for twelve (12) or more consecutive months shall not be permitted for reuse. 11. Except as otherwise provided herein, there may be a change of tenancy or ownership of a nonconforming sign, without the loss of nonconforming status, if the site is not abandoned for twelve (12) or more consecutive months. - iii. Colors of a nonconforming sign shall not be changed from those existing at the time of the adoption of this Code, unless new colors comply with the SR 60 Corridor special color requirements. NOTE: All wording is new wording for new Section 911.22 F:\Community Development\Users\CurDev\ORDINANCE\2005\Chapter 911.22 Other Corridors.rtf 20 ORDINANCE 2005- 017 iv. A nonconforming sign shall not be enlarged or increased in any way from its lawful size at the time of the adoption of these special regulations. v. Except as specified below, nonconforming freestanding signs shall be brought into conformity with the requirements of a "compatible freestanding sign" on or before June 1, 2010. If a property owner documents to the community development director that the cost of lowering a non -conformity sign to a conforming height would exceed fifty (50) percent of the cost to replace the sign, and the building official verifies the appropriateness of the estimated replacement cost, then the sign shall not need to be made a "compatible freestanding sign." However, when such an exemption applies, the property owner shall provide landscaping around the base or support structures of such a sign to visually screen the pole, subject to sight distance requirements, as approved by the community development director. 2. Repairs and maintenance: Normal repairs and maintenance may be made: however, the cost of such repairs and/or maintenance made during any two- year period shall not exceed fifty (50) percent of the replacement cost of the sign at the end of the two-year period. 3. Reconstruction after catastrophe: If any nonconforming sign is damaged by fire, flood, explosion, collapse, wind, war, or other catastrophe, to such an extent that the cost of repair and reconstruction will exceed fifty (50) percent of the replacement cost at the time of damage, it shall not be used or reconstructed except in full conformity with the provisions of these special regulations. (10) Screening of accessory features: (a) Screening of chain link fencing. Where chain link or similar fencing is allowed to be used (e.g. around stormwater ponds), such fencing shall be green or black and shall be located and landscaped so as to visually screen the fencing from public view. (11) Project -related median alterations: Where alterations to medians of any thoroughfare plan road within the corridor area are proposed in conjunction with a development project, said median improvements shall include installation of stamped/colored concrete or brick pavers and landscaping improvements consistent with the guidelines for improvements within the SR 60 right- of-way contained in the adopted corridor plan. (12) Underground utilities services required: Where new utilities services (e.g. electrical, phone, cable) are provided to project sites, such service shall be installed underground. (13) Major, minor, administrative site plan approval: Within the corridor area, development and redevelopment requiring major site plan approval shall comply with the corridor plan requirements. Within the area of development of projects requiring minor site plan approval or administrative NOTE: All wording is new wording for new Section 911.22 F:\Community Development\Users\CurDev\ORDINANCE\2005\Chapter 911.22 Other Corridors.rtf 21 ORDINANCE 2005- 017 approval, the previously described special regulations for new major development shall apply. The area of development for such projects shall be the area of the site containing buildings, additions, structures, facilities or improvements proposed by the applicant or required to serve those items proposed by the applicant. As an example, a small building addition that requires additional parking spaces would result in a project area of development/redevelopment that includes the addition AND the parking lot addition and adjacent required landscape areas. (14) Non -conformities: Within the corridor area, legally established existing development and uses that do not comply with these special regulations are grandfathered -in under the countywide nonconformities regulations of LDR Chapter 904. All nonconforming uses and structures are governed by the LDR Chapter 904 regulations. In addition, within the corridor area the following non -conformities regulations shall apply: (a) Nonconforming property: It is the intent of this chapter to allow nonconforming properties to continue, but also to encourage their conformity to what shall be referred to as a "compatible property." A "compatible property" shall be considered in compliance with the intent of the corridor special regulations. (b) Continuance of nonconforming property: A nonconforming property may be continued, subject to the following provisions: 1. Use of nonconforming structures abandoned for a period of twelve (12) or more consecutive months (cross-reference LDR section 904.08) located on a nonconforming property shall not be permitted until the property is brought into compliance with the requirements of a compatible property. 2. Except as otherwise provided herein, there may be a change of tenancy or ownership of a nonconforming property, without the loss of nonconforming status, if use of the nonconforming structures is not abandoned for a period of twelve (12) or more consecutive months. 3. Colors of a structure located on a nonconforming property shall not be changed from those existing at the time of the adoption of these special regulations, unless the new, to -be -painted colors comply with the SR 60 special color regulations. 4. Projects on nonconforming properties requiring a building permit (excluding permits for roofs or minor repairs) shall be required to bring the property into compliance as a "compatible property." 5. A structure located on a nonconforming property shall not be enlarged or increased in any way from its lawful size at the time of the adoption of these special regulations. Where such changes are made, a building permit and compliance with the requirements of a ' compatible property" are required for the enlargement or addition. NOTE: All wording is new wording for new Section 911.22 F:\Community Development\Users\CurDev\ORDINANCE\2005\Chapter 911.22 Other Corridors.rtf 22 ORDINANCE 2005- 017 (15) Variances: (a) Variances from these special corridor regulations shall be processed pursuant to the procedures and timeframes of Section 70.001. Florida Statutes. The planning and zoning commission shall recommend variances to the board of county commissioners for final action. (b) The planning and zoning commission is authorized to propose settlements of claims under Chapter 70, Florida Statutes, through any means set out in Section 70.001(4)(c). (c) Criteria. The planning and zoning commission shall not approve a variance or other proposal for relief unless it finds the following: 1. The corridor regulation directly restricts or limits the use of real property such that the property owner is permanently unable to attain the reasonable, investment -backed expectation for the existing use of the real property or a vested right to a specific use of the real property with respect to the. real property as a whole; or 2. That the property owner is left with existing or vested uses that are unreasonable such that the property owner bears permanently a disproportionate share of a burden imposed for the good of the public, which in fairness should be borne by the public at large, and 3. The relief granted protects the public interest served by the regulations at issue and is the appropriate relief necessary to prevent the corridor regulations from inordinately burdening the real property. " 16. Repeal of Conflicting Provisions All previous ordinances, resolutions, or motions of the Board of County Commissioners of Indian River County, Florida which conflict with the provisions of this ordinance are hereby repealed to the extent of such conflict. All special Acts of the legislature applying only to the unincorporated portion of the Indian River County which conflict with the provisions of this ordinance are hereby repealed to the extent of such conflict. 17. Codification The provisions of this ordinance shall be incorporated into the County Code and the word "Ordinance" may be changed to "section", "article", or other appropriate word, and the sections of this ordinance may be renumbered or re -lettered to accomplish such intentions. 18. Severability If any section, part of a sentence, paragraph, phrase or word of this ordinance is for any reason held to be unconstitutional, inoperative, or void, such holdings shall not affect the remaining portions hereof and it shall be construed to have been the legislative intent to pass this ordinance without such unconstitutional, invalid or inoperative part. NOTE: All wording is new wording for new Section 911.22 F:\Community Development\Users\CurDev\ORDINANCE\2005\Chapter 911.22 Other Corridors.rtf 23 ORDINANCE 2005- 017 19. Effective Date This ordinance shall take effect upon filing with the State of Florida. Approved and adopted by the Board of County Commissioners of Indian River County, Florida, on this 17th day of May , 2005. This ordinance was advertised in the Press -Journal on the 2nd the day of May 2005, for a public hearing to be held on the 17th day of May , 2005, at which time it was moved for adoption by BCor, missioner, seconded by Commis v peer, and adopted by the den i s following vote: Chairman Thomas S Lowther Vice Chairman Arthur R. Neuberger Commissioner Sandra L. Bowden Commissioner Gary C. Wheeler Commissioner Wesley S. Davis Aye Aye Aye Aye Aye BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS OF INDIAN RIVER COUNTY BY• S� Tho as S Lowther, Chairman ATTEST BY: vc{ Q �v t .-L Jeffrey K. Barton, Clerk 0 This ordinance was filed with the Department of State on the following date: JUL 1 1 2005 APPROVED AS TO FORM AND LEGAL SUFFICIENCY William G. Collins II, County Attorney VED AS TO PLANNING MATTERS Ro. ert . Keating, AIC ' Communit Development Director NOTE: All wording is new wording for new Section 911.22 F:\Community Development\Users\CurDev\ORDINANCE\2005\Chapter 911.22 Other Corridors.rtf • 24