HomeMy WebLinkAbout2000-139Ai
Indian River County
9 COMPREHENSIVE EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN
1999/2000
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iIndian River County
Department of Emergency Services
Division of Emergency Management
1840 25th Street
Vero Beach, FL 32960
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ....................................... vi
BASIC PLAN
I. INTRODUCTION.........................................1
A. PURPOSE.........................................1
B. SCOPE...........................................2
C. METHODOLOGY....................................3
II. SITUATION
A.
6
HAZARD ANALYSIS..................................6
B. GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION .......................... 38
C. DEMOGRAPHICS...................................44
D. ECONOMIC PROFILE ................................ 47
E. EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT SUPPORT FACILITIES .......... 48
F. PLANNING ASSUMPTIONS ............................ 50
III. CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS................................51
A. LEVELS OF DISASTER...............................51
B. GENERAL........................................52
C. ORGANIZATION...................................54
D. DIRECTION & CONTROL ........................... .. 61
E. NOTIFICATION AND WARNING ......................... 69
F. Response Actions .................................. 72
1. General ..................................... 72
2. Evacuation ................................... 75
3. Sheltering...................................90
G. Recovery Actions .................................. 93
1. Initial Actions ................................. 93
2. Continuing Actions ............................. 93
IV. RESPONSIBILITIES 94
A. General..........................................94
B. Indian River County ................................. 95
C. Special Districts .................................... 96
D. State of Florida . .................................. 97
E. Federal Government ................................. 98
V. FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT POLICY .......................... 98
A. Assumptions......................................98
B. Expenditure of Funds ................................ 99
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Table of Contents (continued)
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VI. TRAINING, EXERCISE AND PUBLIC AWARENESS/ EDUCATION ......
100
A. Training ........................................ 101
B. Exercise ........................................ 101
C. Public Awareness and Education ....................... 102
VII. REFERENCES AND AUTHORITIES ........................... 105
A. Federal.......105
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Primary Agency Listing ...................................
Declaration Process ......................................
Evacuation Routes .......................................
1. Public Laws .................................105
66
74
76
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2. Regulations .................................106
80
92
3. Executive Orders ..............................107
Sample Resolution Declaring a Local State of Emergency ........... 119
4. Miscellaneous ................................ 107
B. State ..........................................108
1. Statutes ................................... 108
2. Administrative Rules ........................... 113
3. Executive Orders .............................. 113
4. Miscellaneous ................................ 113
C. Local .......................................... 113
1. Ordinances .................................. 113
2. Resolutions ................................ 114
3. Miscellaneous ................................ 114
E. Memoranda of Understanding/Agreements ................ 115
1. State......................................115
LIST OF FIGURES
1
2
CEMP Distribution List .....................................
Flood Prone Areas .......................................
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3 Land Uses............................................42
4 Population Centers ...................................... 45
5 ESF Matrix............................................58
6
7
8
Primary Agency Listing ...................................
Declaration Process ......................................
Evacuation Routes .......................................
66
74
76
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10
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Mobile Home and RV Park List ..............................
Marina List...........................................
87
American Red Cross Primary Shelter List .......................
80
92
12 Sample Resolution Declaring a Local State of Emergency ........... 119
Table of Contents (continued)
LIST OF APPENDICES
APPENDIX A
LIST OF ACRONYMS
APPENDIX B
GLOSSARY OF TERMS
APPENDIX C
COMPENDIUM OF EMERGENCY AUTHORITIES AND DIRECTIVES
APPENDIX D
INDIAN RIVER COUNTY EMERGENCY OPERATIONS CENTER
SUGGESTED OPERATING PROCEDURES
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Table of Contents (continued)
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ANNEX -I: RESPONSE FUNCTIONS
Transportation - (ESF #1) ................................. ESF #1-1
Communications - (ESF #2) ................................ ESF #2-1
Public Works and Engineering - (ESF #3) ....................... ESF #3-1
Firefighting - (ESF #4) .................................... ESF #4-1
Information and Planning - (ESF# 5) ..........................
ESF # 5-1
Mass Care - (ESF # 6) ....................................
ESF #6-1
Resource Support - (ESF # 7) ...............................
ESF # 7-1
Health and Medical Services - (ESF #8) ........................ESF 8-1
Search and Rescue - (ESF #9) .............................. ESF #9-1
Hazardous Materials - (ESF #10) ........................... ESF #10-1
Food and Water - (ESF #11) .............................. ESF #11-1
Energy and Utilities - (ESF #12) ............................ ESF #12-1
Military Support-(ESF#13) .. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • ESF#13-1
Public Information - (ESF #14) .............................ESF 14-1
Volunteers and Donations - (ESF #15) .......................ESF 15-1
Law Enforcement and Security - (ESF #16) .. • • • • • • • • • . ESF #16-1
Animal Care - (ESF #17) ................................. ESF #17-1
Special Needs Care - (
ESF #18) ............................ ESF #18-1
Emergency Medical Services - (ESF #19) ...................... ESF #19-1
ANNEX II: RECOVERY AND MITIGATION ACTIONS
I. INTRODUCTION.........................................1
IL GENERAL RECOVERY FUNCTIONS ............................1
III. DAMAGE ASSESSMENT FUNCTIONS .......................... 6
IV. HUMAN SERVICES.......................................8
V. INFRASTRUCTURE (Public Assistance Program) .................. 12
VI. NATIONAL FLOOD INSURANCE PROGRAM (NFIP) ................ 17
VII. HAZARD MITIGATION PROGRAM ........................... 18
General..............................................18
Team Process ......................................... 19
Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS) ............................. 20
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SUPPLEMENTAL ANNEXES
Annex III
Indian River County Interface with State Rapid Impact Assessment Teams
Annex IV
Damage Assessment Guide
Annex V
Emergency Shelter Plan
Annex VI
General Office Procedures During EOC Activation
Annex VII
Critical Facilities Inventory
Annex VIII
Evacuation and Reentry Plan
Annex IX
Emergency Telecommunications Notification "Call -Down" System User Guide
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP)
is an operations oriented document authorized by the Board of County
Commissioners and is in accordance with Chapter 252, Florida Statutes. The
CEMP establishes the framework for an effective system to ensure that Indian
River County will be adequately prepared to deal with the occurrence of
emergencies and disasters. The plan outlines the roles and responsibilities of
the state agencies, special districts, local governments and volunteer
organizations. The CEMP unites the efforts of these groups for a
comprehensive approach to reduce the County's vulnerability to a host of
identified hazards.
This plan is structured to parallel federal activities set forth in the "Federal
Response Plan" and state activities in the State "Comprehensive Emergency
Plan" as well as describing how other resources will be coordinated to
supplement County resources and response.
The CEMP is divided into three sections:
1. The Basic Plan section outlines the concept of operations, direction
and control, and identifies responsibilities of all agencies and
resources mobilized by the County in recovering from a disaster.
The Response section presents the County's strategy for disa :ter
response. It outlines the Emergency Support Function (ESF)
concept taken from the Federal Response Plan. Each ESF, at a
minimum, contains a concept of operations and the responsibilities
of the primary and support agencies that will respond to local
government requests.
The Recovery section provides for the rapid and orderly start of
rehabilitation and restoration of persons and property affected by
a disaster.
Following Hurricane Andrew, recommendations from the " Governor's Disaster
Planning and Response Roview Committee Report" (The Lewis Report), guided
revisions that were made to Chapter 252, F.S. The Basic Plan contains a
planning strategy section that describes initiatives that are currently underway
to ensure that the mandates of the law become operational.
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This plan replaces the Florida Nuclear Civil Protection Plan and the Florida
Peacetime Emergency Plan. It does not supplant the Hazardous Materials Plan,
which is not an operations -oriented document, nor the Florida Radiological
Emergency Management Plan for Nuclear Power Plants, which was developed
for response to radiological incidents under separate state and federal statutory
authorities. However, this plan may be used to supplement the Florida
Radiological Emergency Management Plan for Nuclear Power Plants, in order to
provide a comprehensive response.
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THE INDIAN RIVER COUNTY
COMPREHENSIVE EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN
BASIC PLAN
INTRODUCTION
Chapter 252, Florida Statutes (State Emergency Management Act), requires the
preparation and maintenance of this document, the Indian River County
Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP). The CEMP must be
integrated into and coordinated with emergency management plans and
programs of the state and federal government. The CEMP also establishes a
framework through which Indian River County may prepare for, respond to,
recover from, and mitigate the impacts of a wide variety of disasters that could
adversely affect the health, safety and/ or general welfare of the residents of
Indian River County.
The CEMP is operations -oriented, and addresses coordinated local and regional
evacuation, shelter, post -disaster response and recovery; rapid deployment and
pre -deployment of resources; communications and warning systems; training
exercises to determine the ability of local government to respond to
emergencies; and clearly defined responsibilities for County departments
through an Emergency Support Function (ESF) approach to planning and
operations.
The CEMP describes the basic strategies, assumptions and mechanisms through
which the County will mobilize resources and conduct activities to gu.de and
support local emergency management efforts through response and recovery.
To facilitate effective intergovernmental operations, the CEMP adopts a
functional approach that groups the type of assistance to be provided under
ESFs to address the functional needs of the County. Each ESF is headed by a
lead agency, which has been selected based on its authorities, resources, and
capabilities in the functional area. The ESFs serve as the primary mechanism
through which outside assistance to Indian River County is managed. State
assistance will be provided under the overall coordination authority of the State
Coordinating Officer (SCO) representing the Florida Division of Emergency
Management (FDEM), Department of Community Affairs (DCA), on behalf of the
Governor.
A. PURPOSE
The plan establishes a framework for an effective system of
comprehensive emergency management enabling the Indian River County
Board of County Commissioners to discharge its statutory responsibility
for providing direction and control during the period of any emergency.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 1
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The purpose of the plan is to:
1. Reduce the vulnerability of people and communities of this county
to damage, injury, and loss of life and property resulting from
natural, technological or manmade emergencies, catastrophes, or
hostile military or paramilitary action.
2. Prepare for prompt and efficient response and recovery to protect
lives and property affected by emergencies.
3. Respond to emergencies using all systems, plans and resources
necessary to preserve the health, safety and welfare of persons
affected by the emergency.
4. Recover from emergencies by providing for the rapid and orderly
start of restoration and rehabilitation of persons and property
affected by emergencies.
5. Provide an emergency management system embodying all aspects
of pre -emergency preparedness and post -emergency response,
recovery, and mitigation.
6. Assist in anticipation, recognition, appraisal, prevention, and
mitigation of emergencies that may be caused or aggravated by
inadequate planning for, and regulation of, public and pri late
facilities and land use.
B. SCOPE
This plan is county -wide in scope and is supported by the five
municipalities. The scope of this plan is to accomplish the following:
1. Establishes fundamental policies, program strategies, and
assumptions;
2. Establishes a concept of operations spanning the direction and
control of an emergency from initial monitoring through post -
disaster response and recovery;
3. Defines an interagency coordination mechanism to facilitate
delivery of immediate county assistance, and County direction and
control of response and recovery assistance from other counties,
states, and the federal government;
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 2
4. Assigns specific functional responsibilities to appropriate County
departments and agencies, as well as private sector groups and
volunteer organizations;
5. Addresses the various types of emergencies (more specifically
described in Section II -A, Hazard Analysis) which are likely to
occur, from county emergency, to minor, major, or catastrophic
disasters; and
6. Identifies actions that County response and recovery organizations
will take, in coordination with county and federal counterparts as
appropriate.
C. METHODOLOGY
The Emergency Management staff carefully analyzed Florida's
Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan to assure the
county's plan was consistent with and supportive of the state plan
in both format and content. To conform with the compliance
criteria, the following actions were taken:
a. All ESF primary and support agencies were identified,
including public, private and volunteer.
b. All agencies were assembled. All agencies provided input
and support in the construction of the plan.
C. A series of meetings was held to assure local participation
in the planning process.
d. All involved departments demonstrated their support in the
planning process, not by letter, but by their personal
participation in planning meetings.
e. Ali agencies reviewed the final draft of the plan and
accepted the responsibilities assigned to them by the plan.
f. Rosters of orientation seminars on concepts of operations
or plan procedures are not attached to or an integral part of
this formal plan; however, they are kept on file in the office
of Emergency Management.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 3
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g. A signed receipt is maintained for all recipients of the
CEMP. The distribution list is attached to this document
and identified as Figure 1.
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Figure 1
CEMP DISTRIBUTION LIST
AGENCY DIVISION
INDIAN RIVER COUNTY ATTORNEY'S OFFICE
BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS
BUILDINGS & GROUNDS
BUILDING DIVISION
CLERK OF COURT
COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
COUNTY ADMINISTRATOR
DEPARTMENT OF EMERGENCY SERVICES
AnimdContra
EV= M -9W -dmDE—q-.r M Akal 5-1..
FYI S. -k..
MM -1 Sullen
Radiological
ELECTION'S OFFICE
ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
GENERAL SERVICES
OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT & BUDGET
PARKS DIVISION
PERSONNEL DIVISION
PROPERTY APPRAISER'S OFFICE
PUBLIC HEALTH UNIT
PUBLIC WORKS
PURCHASING
RECREATION
RISK MANAGEMENT
ROAD & BRIDGE
SCHOOLBOARD
F.,614. h4n p r
SYDVN1—d-1
Tr.n\DOrl lbn [IM ctor
SHERIFF'S OFFICE
SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL DISTRICT
TAX COLLECTOR
TELECOMMUNICATIONS
TRAFFIC ENGINEERING
UTILITIES
FELLSMERE, CITY OF MAYOR
POLICE CHIEF
INDIAN RIVER MEMORIAL HOSPITAL RISK MANAGER
INDIAN RIVER SHORES, TOWN OF MAYOR
PUBLIC SAFETY CHIEF
TOWN MANAGER
ORCHID, TOWN OF MAYOR
TOWN MANAGER
SEBASTIAN, CITY OF CITY MANAGER
EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
MAYOR
POLICE CHIEF
SEBASTIAN INLET STATE PARK PARK MANAGER
SEBASTIAN RIVER MEDICAL CENTER ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICES
VERO BEACH, CITY OF MAYOR
POLICE CHIEF
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h. All future amendments to this plan will be made in
addendum form to recipients of the plan.
2. This document has been approved by the Indian River County
Board of County Commissioners and a current signed resolution
can be found in the Compendium of Authorities (Appendix C).
Their approval establishes this plan as official policy for all
participating departments/agencies.
SITUATION
This section of the CEMP provides a description of the potential hazard
considerations, geographic characteristics, demographics, economic profile and
emergency management support facilities for Indian River County. Additionally,
there are several planning assumptions that were considered in the planning
process. For a complete vulnerability assessment, see the Indian River County
Local Mitigation Strategy.
A. HAZARD ANALYSIS
Communities in Indian River County are vulnerable to three classifications
of hazards: natural, technological, and societal as identified below. A
chart depicting the hazard vulnerability by jurisdiction and population
centers is included in the county's Local Mitigation Strategy.
Natural Hazards
a. Hurricanes/Tropical Storms
Hurricanes are tropical cyclones with winds that exceed 74
mph and circulate counter -clockwise about their centers in
the Northern Hemisphere. They are formed from simple
thunderstorms; however, these thunderstorms can only
grow to hurricane strength with favorable conditions in the
ocean and atmosphere. The heat and moisture from this
eivarm water are ultimately the source of energy for
hurricanes, which weaken rapidly when they travel over
land or colder ocean waters (University of Illinois).
When a hurricane threatens the coast, advisories are issued
by the National Hurricane center. The storm's current
location and intensity are described along with its projected
path. Advisories are issued at 6 -hour intervals: 5:00 a.m.,
11:00 a.m., 5:00 p.m. and 11:00 p.m., Eastern Time.
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In addition to the advisories, the National Hurricane Center
may issue a hurricane watch or warning. A hurricane watch
indicates that hurricane conditions are a possibility and may
threaten the area within 36 hours. A hurricane warning is
issued when winds of at least 74 mph are expected in the
area within 24 hours.
Advisories and hurricane watches and warnings will
frequently refer to the category of the storm. Hurricanes
are classified using the Saffir-Simpson scale as follows:
Category 1: Winds 74 to 95 mph
Category 2: Winds 96 to 110 mph
Category 3: Winds 111 to 130 mph
Category 4: Winds 131 to 155 mph
Category 5: Winds exceeding 155 mph
On average, 1.6 hurricanes strike the U.S. every year and
cause $1.2 billion in damages. Severe (category 3, 4 or 5
on the Saffir-Simpson scale) strike the U.S. on the average
of one every 5.75 years. Experts sometimes disagree on
the annual cost: however, all sources agree that Hurricane
Andrew is the most costly recent hurricane event to affect
the U.S. Most sources report that the cost of Hurricane
Andrew exceeded $25 billion (National Climatic Data
Center, 1998).
High winds, storm surge, powerful waves, torrential rain,
tornadoes, and high tide combined give hurricanes the
potential to create mass devastation and huge losses to
property. The greatest threat to life and property
associated with a hurricane or tropical storm is storm surge.
Storm surge is a large dome of water often 50 to 100 miles
wide that sweeps across the coastline near where a
hurricane made landfall. The surge of high water, topped
by waves, can be extremely destructive to coastal regions,
even if they are protected by vegetation -topped dunes. The
stronger the hurricane and the shallower the offshore water,
the higher the surge will be. In addition, if the storm surge
arrives at the same time as the high tide, the surge height
will be even greater ( National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration).
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High winds associated with hurricanes can be the source of
great destruction. The wind alone can lead to flying debris,
including tree limbs and branches, signs, roofing, and metalsiding, all of which move through the air like missiles. Highwindsalso can destroy poorly constructed buildings and
mobile homes.
Once wind and rain has penetrated the
secure envelope of a structure (doors, windows, garage
doors, and roofs), the chances of the structure surviving the
hurricane greatly diminish.
Tornadoes and torrential rainfall add to the life-threatening
and damaging effects of a hurricane. Six to 12 inches of
rain or more can fall on an area as the storm passes,
causing flooding and flash floods. Tornadoes produced by
hurricanes occur most frequently in rain bands well away
from the center of the hurricane. Damage from a tornado
results from the high wind velocity and wind-blown debris.
Crop damage is another powerful effect of hurricanes andtropicalstorms. Recently, Tropical Storm Mitch dropped as
much as 10 inches of rain in some south Florida areas,
which resulted in approximately $20 million in crop damage
in Palm Beach County alone (The Associated Press, 1998).
According to the 1997 Florida Statistical Abstract, of Indian
River County's 311,112 total land acreage, 174,673 acres
are farmland. With 54% of its land area being fi.rmed,
Indian River County is particularly vulnerable to crop
damage resulting from the wind and rain from hurricanes
and tropical storms.
Florida is the most vulnerable state in the nation to the
impacts of tropical storms. The topography of south central
Florida makes it particularly vulnerable to the effects of
hurricanes and tropical storms; this area is primarily a flat,
low-lying plain. The potential for property damage and
human casualties is increased by the rapid growth of the
county, particularly in the most vulnerable areas long the
ane
shoreline, combined with complacency by
infrequency.
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Flooding
Riverine flooding occurs when the flow of rainwater runoff
exceeds the carrying capacities of the natural drainage
systems. During extended periods of heavy rainfall, certain
low-lying neighborhoods within the county are subject to
considerable flood damage and isolation caused by the
inability of natural and mechanical drainage systems to
effectively remove the water. Heavy rainfalls can cause
considerable damage to the county infrastructure of
roadbeds, bridges, drainage systems and the water supply.
The buildup of uncontrolled sediment contributes to the
problem of inadequate drainage in natural and mechanical
drainage systems. When a storm produces an
overwhelming amount of stormwater runoff, the
accumulation of loose sediment causes flooding by clogging
the drainage systems.
In comparison to riverine flooding, coastal flooding is usually
the result of a severe weather system such as a tropical
storm or hurricane. The damaging effects of coastal floods
are caused by a combination of storm surge, wind, rain,
erosion, and battering by debris. All coastal property and
inhabitants are subject to severe damage and loss of like
resulting from floods caused by hurricane associated storm
surge. Some coastal property, road arteries, and bridge
approaches are subject to severe flooding caused by rare
astronomical tides as well.
In Indian River County, several variations of flood hazards
occur due to the different effects of severe thunderstorms,
hurricanes, seasonal rains, and other weather related
conditions. For the majority of the county, the primary
causes of flooding are hurricanes or tropical storms.
However, the county's low-lying topography, combined
with its subtropical climate, makes it vulnerable to riverine
flooding.
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C. Severe Thunderstorms and Lightning
A severe thunderstorm is defined as a thunderstorm
containing one or more of the following phenomena: hail
3/4 inch or greater, winds gusting in excess of 57.5 mph,
and/or a tornado (National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration, National Weather Service, 1994). Severe
weather can include lightning, tornadoes, damaging straight-
line winds, and large hail. Most individual thunderstorms
only last several minutes; however, some can last several
hours.
Long-lived thunderstorms are called supercell
thunderstorms. A supercell is a thunderstorm that has a
persistent rotating updraft. This rotation maintains the
energy release of the thunderstorm over a much long time
than typical, pulse -type thunderstorms which occur in the
summer months. Supercell thunderstorms are responsible
for producing the majority of severe weather, such as large
hail and tornadoes (National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration). Downbursts are also occasionally
associated with severe thunderstorms. A downburst is a
strong downdraft resulting in an outward burst of damaging
winds on or near the ground. Downburst winds can
produce damage similar to a strong tornado.
AM ough
usually associated with thunderstorms, downbursts can
occur with showers too weak to produce thunder (National
Oceanic Atmospheric Administration). Strong squall lines
can also produce widespread severe weather, primarily very
strong winds and/or microbursts.
When a severe thunderstorm approaches, the National
Weather Service will issue an advisory. According to the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration NWS
1994) two possible advisories are as follows:
Severe Thunderstorm Watch:
Conditions are favorable for the development of
severe thunderstorms.
Severe Thunderstorm Warning:
Severe weather is imminent or occurring in the area.
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1) Lightning
Perhaps the most dangerous and costly effect of
thunderstorms is lightning. As a thunderstorm
grows, electrical charges build up within the cloud.
Oppositely charged particles gather at the ground
below. The attraction between positive and negative
charges quickly grows strong enough to overcome
the air's resistance to electrical flow. Racing toward
each other, the charges connect and complete the
electrical circuit. Charge then surges upward from
the ground at nearly one-third the speed of light and
produces a bright flash of lightning (Cappella, 1997).
On average, more people are killed by lightning that
any other weather event. Florida leads the nation in
lightning related deaths and injuries (National
Lightning Safety Institute). Most lightning strike
fatalities occur in June, July and August. Florida also
has the most strikes, about 12 strikes per square
kilometer per year in some places (National Lightning
Safety Institute). Nationwide, lightning -related
economic losses amount to more than $5 billion per
year, and the airline industry alone loses
approximately $2 billion a year in operating costs, end
passenger delays from lightning (National Lightning
Safety Institute).
Wildfire/Urban Interface Zone
The recent wildfires that burned throughout Florida,
specifically central Florida, are examples of the increasing
wildfire threat which results from the Wildland/Urban
Interface. The Wildland/Urban Interface is defined as the
area where structures and other human development meet
with undeveloped wildland or vegetative fuels (Federal
Emergency Management Agency, 1996). As residential
areas expand into relatively untouched wildlands, people
living in these communities are increasingly threatened by
forest fires.
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There are three different classes of wildland fires: surface,
ground, and crown. A surface fire is the most common
type and burns along the floor of a forest, moving slowly
and killing or damaging trees. A ground fire is usually
started by lightning and burns on or below the forest floor.
Crown fires spread rapidly by wind and move quickly by
jumping along the tops of trees.
Rural and large tracts of unimproved lands are susceptible
to brush and forest fires capable of threatening life, safety,
and property loss in adjacent developed areas if not
effectively controlled. Wildfires are caused by numerous
sources including arson, smoker carelessness, individuals
burning debris, equipment throwing sparks, and children
playing with matches. However, the largest number of fires
is caused by lightning strikes and coincides with the height
of the thunderstorm season. A major wildland fire can
leave a large amount of scorched and barren land, and these
areas may not return to pre -fire conditions for decades. If
the wildland fire destroys the ground cover, other potential
hazards may develop (e. g.,
erosion) (Federal Emergency
Management Agency, 1998).
However, some plant and animal communities in south
central Florida have come to depend on frequent lightnin j -
ignited wildfires for their continued existence. Many
threatened and endangered species depend on the periodic
burning of defense scrub.
Fire suppression and landscape
fragmentation have disrupted this natural cycle, but
prescribed burns provide the missing link.
Structures in the Wildland/Urban Interface zone are
vulnerable to ignition by three different ways: radiation,
convection, and firebrands (National Wildland/Urban
Interface Fire Protection Program). Radiating heat from a
wildfire can cause ignition by exposure to the structure.
The chances of ignition increase as the size of the flames
increases, surface areas exposed to flames increases, length
of exposure time increases, and distance between the
structure and the flames decreases.
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Another source of ignition by wildfire is convection.
Ignition of a structure by convection requires the flame to
come in contact with the structure. Contact with the
convection column is generally not hot enough to ignite a
structure. Clearing to prevent flame contact with the
structure must include any materials capable of producing
even small flames. Wind will tilt the flame and the
convection column uphill, increasing the chance of igniting
a structure.
Firebrands also pose a threat to structures in the
Wildland/Urban Interface zone. A firebrand is a piece of
burning material that detaches from a fire due to strong
convection drafts in the burning area. They can be carried
a long distance (around 1 mile) by fire drafts and winds.
The change of these firebrands igniting a structure depends
on the size of the firebrand, how long it burns after contact,
and the materials, design and construction of the structure.
One-third of Indian River County's total land is protected by
the Division of Forestry and/or federal fire control personnel;
however, due to limited state and federal resources, the
Indian River County Emergency Services Fire Division
responds to most wildfires and is supported by the Florida
Division of Forestry. Most wildfires in the county occ it in
Florida's dry season, from January through May.
1) Muck Fires
A muck fire is a fire that consumes all the organic
material of the fores floor and also burns into the
underlying soil. It differs from a surface fire by being
invulnerable to winds. If the fire gets deep into the
ground, it could smoulder for several years. In a
surface fire, the flames are visible and burning is
accelerated by wird; whereas, in a muck firewind is
not generally a serious factor (Canadian Soil
Information System, 1996).
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Muck fires are not a frequent threat to Florida.
However, during a drought in the 1980's fires in the
Everglades consumed the rich, dried out muck that
had once been the bottom of the swamp. These
fires burned deep into the ground and required
alternative fire -fighting techniques to extinguish
them.
Tornado
A tornado is a violent windstorm characterized by a
twisting, funnel -shaped cloud extending to the ground. It
is generated by a thunderstorm or hurricane when cool air
overrides a layer of warm air, forcing the warm air to rise
rapidly. The most common type of tornado, the relatively
weak and short-lived type, occurs in the warm season with
June being the peak month. The strongest, most deadly
tornadoes occur in the cool season, from December through
April (Florida Department of Community Affairs, 1998).
Occasional wind storms accompanied by tornadoes, such
as the winter storm of 1993, are also widespread and
destructive.
The damage from a tornado is a result of the high wind
velocity and wind-blown debris. Florida's average i 54
tornadoes annually since 1959, causing an average of two
fatalities and 69 injuries each year (Florida Department of
Community Affairs, 1998). Indian River County's
vulnerability to tornadoes is compounded by the high
concentration of mobile home residents in large mobile
home communities.
The National Weather Service issues two types of alerts:
A Tornado Watch means that conditions are
favorable for tornadoes to develop; and
A Tornado Warning means that a tornado has
actually been sighted.
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Extreme Temperatures
1) Freezing Temperatures
Florida has experienced many severe freezes that
have resulted in the loss of the majority of winter
crops. Freezes pose a major hazard to the agriculture
industry in Indian River County and are a significant
threat to its economic vitality. According to the
Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services,
moderate freezes occur every one to two years in the
state. Severe freezes may be expected on an
average of once every 15 to 20 years ( Florida
Department of Community Affairs, 1998). Since
December 1889, there have been at least 22
recorded severe freezes (Florida Department of
Community Affairs); the most recent being in 1996,
when a Presidential Disaster Declaration was issued
for crop losses exceeding $90 billion. During this
event, there was extensive loss of citrus trees
throughout the state and the majority have not been
replanted.
Freezing conditions primarily affect agriculture and
homeless indigents. When conditions are pred ted
to be below freezing, shelters may be opened.
2) Extreme Heat
Temperatures that remain 10°F or more above the
average high temperature for a region and last for
several weeks are defined as extreme heat (Federal
Emergency Management Agency, 1996). Humid
conditions, which add to the discomfort of high
temperatures, occur when an area of high
atmospheric pressure traps hazy, damp air near the
ground. The highest temperature ever recorded in
the state was on June 29, 1931 at 103°F in
Monticello at an elevation of 207 ft (NCDC, 1996).
In a normal year, approximately 175 Americans die
of extreme heat. However, in 1995 the death toil
was 1,021 (National Oceanic Atmospheric
Administration, 1997).
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Human bodies dissipate heat in one of three ways: by
varying the rate and depth of blood circulation; by
losing water through the skin and sweat glands; and
by panting. As the blood is heated to above 98.6°F,
the heart begins to pump more blood, blood vessels
dilate to accommodate the increased flow, and the
bundles of tiny capillaries penetrating through the
upper layers of skin are put into operation. The
body's blood is circulated closer to the surface, and
excess heat is released into the cooler atmosphere.
At the same time, water diffuses through the skin as
perspiration. The skin handles about 90% of the
body's heat dissipating function (Darling).
Heat disorders generally have to do with a reduction
or collapse of the body's ability to cool itself by
circulatory changes and sweating, or a chemical (salt)
imbalance caused by too much sweating. When the
body cannot cool itself, or when it cannot
compensate for fluids and salt lost through
perspiration, the temperature of the body's inner core
begins to rise and heat -related illness may develop.
Studies indicate that, other things being equal, the
severity of heat disorders tends to increase with age.
Heat cramps in a 17 -year-old may be heat exh iustion
in someone 40, and heat stroke in a person over 60
Darling).
When the temperature gets extremely high, the
National Weather Service has increased its efforts to
alert the general public as well as the appropriate
authorities by issuing Special Weather Statements.
Residents should heed these warnings to prevent
heat related medical complications. As a result of
the latest research findings, the National Weather
Service has devised the "Heat Index" (HI). The HI,
given in degrees Fahrenheit, is an accurate measure
of how hot it really feels when relative humidity is
added to the actual air temperature. The National
Weather Service will initiate alert procedures when
the HI is expected to exceed 105°F for a least two
consecutive days. Possible heat disorders related to
the corresponding HI are listed below (Darling).
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Heat Index of 130°F or Higher:
Heatstroke/sunstroke highly likely with
continued exposure
Heat Index of 105°F -130°F:
Sunstroke, heat cramps, and heat exhaustion
likely and heatstroke possible with prolonged
exposure and/or physical activity
Heat Index of 90°F -105°F:
Sunstroke, heat cramps, and heat aAhaustion
with prolonged exposure and/or physical
activity
Heat Index of 80°F -90°F:
Fatigue possible with prolonged exposure
and/or physical activity
g. Erosion
1) Soil Erosion
Soil erosion is the deterioration of soil by the physical
movement of soil particles from a given site. Wind,
water, animals, and the use of tools by man may all
be reasons for erosion. The two most powerful
erosion agents are wind and water but in most cases
these are damaging only after man, animals, insect s,
diseases, or fire have removed or depleted natural
vegetation. Accelerated erosion caused by human
activity is the most serious form of soil erosion, and
can occur so rapidly that surface soil may sometimes
be blown or washed away down to the bedrock.
Undisturbed by man, soil is usually covered by shrubs
and trees, dead and decaying leaves, or a thick mat
of grass. Whatever the vegetation, it protects the
soil when rain falls or wind blows. Root systems of
plants hold soil together. Even in drought, the roots
of native grasses, which extend several feet into the
ground, help tie down the soil and keep it from
blowing away. With its covering of vegetation
stripped away, soil is vulnerable to damage. Whether
the plant cover is disturbed by cultivation, grazing,
deforestation, burning, or bulldozing, once the soil is
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bare to the erosive action of wind and water, the
slow rate of natural erosion is greatly increased.
Losses of soil take place much faster than new soil
can be created. With the destruction of soil
structure, eroded land is even more susceptible to
erosion.
The occurrence of erosion has greatly increased,
usually at a rate at which soils cannot be sustained
by natural soil regeneration. This is because of the
activities of modern development and population
growth, particularly agricultural intensification. It is
also in the field of agriculture that most efforts have
been made to conserve soils, with mixed success
Union of International Associations).
Particles scattered by erosion can also cause
problems elsewhere. Stormwater drainage systems,
both natural and mechanical, are frequently clogged
by loose sediment. If drainage systems are not
cleared of uncontrolled sediment on a regular basis,
they lose function.
2) Beach Erosion
Wind, waves, and longshore currents are the driving
forces behind coastal erosion. This removal and
deposition of sand permanently changes beach shape
and structure (Sea Grant Haznet, 1998). Most
beaches, if left along to natural processes,
experience natural shoreline retreat. As houses,
highways, seawalls, and other structures are
constructed on or close to the beach, the natural
shoreline retreat processes are interrupted. The
beach jams up against these man-made obstacles
and narrows considerably as the built-up structures
prevent the beach from moving naturally inland.
When buildings are constructed close to the
shoreline, coastal property soon becomes threatened
by erosion.
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The need for shore protection often results in
hardening" the coast with a structure such as a
seawall or revetment.
A seawall is a large concrete wall designed to protect
buildings or other man-made structures from beach
erosion. A revetment is a cheaper option
constructed with "rip rap" such as large boulders,
concrete rubble, or even old tires. Although these
structures may serve to protect beachfront property
for a while, the resulting disruption of the natural
coastal processes has serious consequences for all
beaches in the area. Seawalls inhibit the natural
ability of the beach to adjust its slope to the ever
changing ocean wave conditions. Large waves wash
up against the seawall and rebound back out to sea
carrying large quantities of beach sand with them.
With each storm the beach narrows, sand is lost to
deeper water, and the longshore current scours the
base of the wall. Eventually, large waves impact the
seawall with such force that a bigger structure
becomes necessary to continue to resist the forces of
the ocean Wilkey and Dixon, 1996).
Agricultural Pest and Disease
Florida is among the tope three agriculture -producing states
in the nation. Agriculture generates farm cash receipts of
nearly $6 billion annually, of which citrus and vegetable
crops contribute more than 40%. The industry is
susceptible to many hazards including freezes, droughts,
and exotic pests or diseases. Agricultural crops are grown
throughout the state and every region is vulnerable to the
effects of an exotic pest or disease infestation. As a result,
Florida uses the second highest volume of pesticides in the
nation.
Agriculture and citrus production play a key role in the
Indian River County economy; 54% of the county is
farmland. The 1992 Census of Agriculture from the U.S.
Department of Commerce valued Indian River County farms
at $625 million with an annual production market value of
145 million.
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The main threats to the Indian River County agriculture
industry are 1) citrus canker, 2), Mediterranean fruit fly
medfly), 3) Sugarcane pests, and 4) Tomato Yellow Leaf
Curl Virus (TYLCV).
1) Citrus Canker
Citrus canker has been found in Dade County and the
potential for its spread to other counties is high.
Citrus canker is a bacterial disease of citrus that
causes premature leaf and fruit drop. It affects all
types of citrus, including oranges, sour oranges,
grapefruit, tangerines, lemons and limes. Symptoms
found on leaves and fruit are brown, raised lesions
surrounded by an oily, water -soaked areas and a
yellow ring or halo (Florida Department of Agriculture
and Consumer Services).
There is no known chemical compound that will
destroy the citrus canker bacteria. In order to
eradicate the disease, infected trees must be cut
down and disposed of properly. If is a highly
contagious disease that can be spread rapidly by
windborne rain, lawnmowers and other landscal-ing
equipment, animals and birds, people carrying the
infection on their hands or clothing, and moving
infected or exposed plants or plant parts (Florida
Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services).
2) Mediterranean Fruit Fly (Medfly)
Another threat to Indian River County's agriculture
industry is the medfly. It is one of the world's most
destructive pests and infests more than 250 different
plants that are important for U.S. food producers,
homeowners, and wildlife. It is considered the
greatest pest threat to Florida's $1.5 billion citrus
crop, as well as endangering many other
economically significant crops (Florida Department of
Agriculture and Consumer Services). For example, a
medfly outbreak in 1997 cost an estimated $26
million to eradicate (Florida Department of
Community Affairs, 1998).
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If a long-term or widespread medfly infestation was
to occur, Florida growers would not be permitted to
ship numerous fruit and vegetable crops to many
foreign and domestic markets. The movement of
fruits and vegetables, even within the state, would
be disrupted which could lead to higher prices in the
supermarket. Costly post-harvest treatment of fruits
and vegetables to meet quarantine restrictions of
domestic and foreign markets would also be required.
If the medfly is not eradicated in Florida, on-going
pesticide treatments by homeowners and commercial
growers will be necessary.
Adult medflies are up to 1/4" long, black with yellow
abdomens, and have yellow marks on their thoraxes.
Their wings are banded with yellow. The female
Medfly damages produce by laying eggs in the host
fruit or vegetable. The resulting larvae feed on the
pulp, rendering the produce unfit for human
consumption. In addition to citrus, medflies will feed
on hundreds of other commercial backyard fruit and
vegetable crops.
Because medflies are not strong fliers, the pest is
spread by the transport of larval -infested fruit. The
major threats come from travelers, the U.S. mail, and
commercial fruit smugglers. Several steps have been
taken to prevent new infestations. State and federal
officials are working with postal authorities to
develop ways to inspect packages suspected of
carrying infested fruit. In addition, public education
eYrorts carrying the message, "Don't Spread Med"
are being expanded (Florida Department of
Agriculture and Consumer Services).
3) Sugarcane Pests
Changes in sugarcane agriculture, including new
disease and insect pests, have seriously impacted the
quality of cane and juice delivered to the mill for
processing. These changing developments affect the
level of sucrose, purity, fiber, and color of cane
resulting in a loss of sugar and decrease in the
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quantity and quality of sugar produced (Legendre et.
al, 1998).
4) Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus (TYLCY)
The Tomato Yellow Leaf Curt Virus is believed to
have entered the state in Dade County sometime in
early 1997 (Florida Department of Agriculture and
Consumer Services, 1997). Symptoms vary among
tomato types, but in general leaves produced shortly
after infection are reduced in size, distorted, cupped
inward or downward, and have a yellow mottle.
Fewer than one in 10 flowers will produce fruit after
TYLCV infection, severely reducing yields.
The virus is transmitted by adult silverleaf whiteflies.
Although frequent applications of pesticides help to
decrease whitefly populations and suppress the
spread of TYLCV, virus management through
whitefly control is not possible in years where
whitefly populations are high. Fortunately, the virus
is not transmitted through seed or casual contact
with infected plants.
Drought
Drought is a normal, recurrent feature of climate, although
many perceive it as a rare and random event. In fact, each
year some part of the U.S. has severe or extreme drought.
Although it has many definitions, drought originates from a
deficiency of precipitation over an extended period of time,
usually a season or more (National Drought Mitigation
Center, 1998). It produces a complex web of impacts that
spans many sectors of the economy and reaches well
beyond the area producing physical drought. This
complexity exists because water is essential to our ability
to produce goods and provide services (National Drought
Mitigation Center, 1998).
A few examples of direct impacts of drought are reduced
crop, rangeland, and forest productivity; increased fire
hazard; reduced water levels; increased livestock and
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wildlife mortality rates; and damage to wildlife and fish
habitat. Social impacts include public safety, health,
conflicts between water users, reduced quality of life, and
inequities in the distribution of impacts and disaster relief.
Income loss is another indicator used in assessing the
impacts of drought; reduced income for farmers has a ripple
effect throughout the region's economy (National Drought
Mitigation Center, 1998).
The web of impacts is so diffuse that it is very difficult to
come up with financial estimates of damages. However,
the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)
estimates $6-$ 8 billion in losses as the annual average
Federal Emergency Management Agency, 1995). The
worst drought in recent history occurred in 1987- 1989, and
the NCDC reports the estimated cost as $40 billion
National Drought Mitigation Center, 1998).
In Indian River County, the primary sources of water are
deep wells for utility systems and shallow wells for rural
areas. Excess water from an interconnected series of lakes,
rivers, canals and marshes flows either north to the St.
Johns River or east to the Indian River Lagoon. When this
cycle is disrupted by periods of drought, one of the
potentially most damaging effects is substantial crop loss in
the western agricultural areas of the county. In addition to
obvious losses in yields in both crop and livestock
production, drought in Indian River County is associated
with increases in insect infestations, plant disease, and
wind erosion. The incidence of forest fires increases
substantially during extended droughts, which in turn places
both human and wildlife populations at higher levels of risk.
The St. Johns River Water Management District and County
staff manage the county's water resources.
Complementing the District's water management efforts
during periods of critical water shortage, a countywide,
uniform, forceful, contingency plan is in place to effectively
restrict the use of water.
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Pandemic Outbreak/Epidemic
Infectious diseases emerging throughout history have
included some of the most feared plagues of the past. New
infections continue to emerge today, while many of the old
plagues are still with us. As demonstrated by influenza
epidemics, under suitable circumstances, a new infection
first appearing anywhere in the world could travel across
entire continents within days or weeks (Morse, 1996). Due
to the potential of complex health and medical conditions
that can threaten the general population, Florida's
vulnerability to an epidemic is continually being monitored.
With millions of tourists brriving and departing the state
annually, disease and disease exposure ( airborne, vector,
and ingestion) are constantly evaluated and analyzed
Florida Department of Community Affairs, 1998).
Primarily as a result of the entrance of undocumented aliens
into south Florida, and the large number of small wildlife,
previously controlled or eradicated diseases have surfaced.
Health officials closely monitor this potential threat to the
public health. The emphasis upon preventive medical
measures such as school inoculation, pet licensing,
rodent/insect eradication, water purification, sanitary waste
disposal, health inspections, and public health educt tion,
mitigate this potential disaster.
Another potential threat to south Florida's population is
food contamination. Frequent news stories document that
E-co/i and botulism breakouts throughout the country are
not that uncommon. Most recently, millions of pounds of
possibly contaminated beef from the Hudson packing plant
were seized by the Department of Agriculture and
destroyed.
Seismic Hazards
1) Dam/Levee Failure
Dam/levee failure poses a minor threat to population
and property in Indian River County. All dams and
levees are earthen structures and are state, regional,
local, or privately controlled. The most significant
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risk related to dam/levee failure is flooding due to
substantial rainfall and its eastward migration to final
discharge in the Indian River Lagoon. Structural and
non-structural techniques to slow and contain this
runoff incorporate several drainage systems, some
dating back to 1919. Rainfall in excess of designed
capacities could cause erosion of constructed
drainage facilities and flooding of many areas
including primary roadway evacuation routes.
2) Earthquakes
Although Florida is not usually considered to be a
state subject to earthquakes, several minor shocks
have occurred over time, but only one caused any
damage (Zirbes, 1971).
In January 1879, a shock occurred near St.
Augustine that is reported to have knocked
plaster from walls and articles from shelves.
Similar effects were reported in Daytona
Beach. The shock was felt in Tampa,
throughout central Florida, and in Savannah,
Georgia as well (Zirbes, 1971).
In January 1880, another earthquake
occurred. This time Cuba was the focal point.
Shock waves were sent as far north as the
town of Key West, Florida (Zirbes, 1971).
In August 1886, Charleston, South Carolina
was the center of a shock that was felt
throughout northern Florida. It rang church
bells in St. Augustine and severely jolted other
towns along sections of Florida's east coast.
Jacksonville residents felt many of the strong
after shocks that occurred in September,
October, and November, 1886 (Zirbes, 1971).
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In June 1893, Jacksonville experienced a
minor shock that lasted about 10 seconds.
Another earthquake occurred in October 1893,
which also did not cause any damage ( Zirbes,
1971).
In November 1948, doors and windows rattled
in Captiva Island, west of Ft. Myers. It was
reportedly accompanied by sounds like
distance heavy explosions (Zirbes, 1971).
In November 1952, a slight tremor was felt in
Quincy, a town located 20 miles northwest of
Tallahassee. Windows and doors rattled, but
no damage was reported (Zirbes, 1971).
3) Sinkholes and Subsidence
Sinkholes are a common feature of Florida's
landscape. They are Ione one of many kinds of karst
landforms, which include caves, disappearing
streams, springs, and underground drainage systems,
all of which occur in Florida. Karst is a generic term
which refers to the characteristic terrain produced by
erosional processes associated with the chemi.:al
weathering and dissolution of limestone or dolomite,
the two most common carbonate rocks in Florida.
Dissolution of carbonate rocks begins when they are
exposed to acidic water. Most rainwater is slightly
acidic and usually becomes more acidic as it moves
through decaying plant debris. Limestones in Florida
are porous, allowing the acidic water to percolate
through them, dissolving some limestone and
carrying it away in solution. Over time, this
persistent erosion process has created extensive
underground voids and drainage systems in much of
he carbonate rocks throughout the state.
Collapse
of overlying sediments into the underground cavities
produces sinkholes (Florida Geological Survey,
1998).
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2. Technological Hazards
a. Radiological Accidents
While an actual release of radioactive material is extremely
unlikely and the immediate threat to like extremely low,
vulnerability to a nuclear plant disaster could consist of long
range health effects with temporary and permanent
displacement of population from affected areas (Florida
Department of Community Affairs, 1998). The potential
danger from an accident at a nuclear power plant is
exposure to radiation. This exposure could come from the
release of radioactive maierial from the plant into the
environment, usually characterized by a plume (cloud like)
formation. The area the radioactive release may affect is
determined by the amount released from the plant, wind
direction and speed, and weather conditions (e. g.,
rain)
which would quickly drive the radioactive material into the
ground, hence causing increased deposition of radio
nuclides.
Thirty of the 67 counties in the State of Florida are involved
in preparedness planning for a commercial nuclear power
plant emergency. Emergency Planning Zones (EPZ) I ave
been designated for each power plant to enhance planning
efforts for an emergency. An EPZ is comprised of two
zones, the 10 -mile plume exposure zone and the 50 -mile
ingestion exposure zone (Florida Community Affairs, 1998).
Specific coordinating procedures for response to a General
Emergency at a nuclear power plant have been prepared in
the form of Standard Operating Procedures. These include
Emergency Classification Levels which assist in notifying
the public if a problem occurs at a plan. They are defined
by four categories (Federal Emergency Management
Agency, 1997):
Notification of Unusual Event - The event poses no
thFeat to plan employees, but emergency officials are
notified. No action by the public is necessary.
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Alert - An event has occurred that could reduce the
plant's level of safety, but back-up systems still
work. Emergency agencies are notified and kept
informed, but no action by the public is necessary.
Site Area Emergency -
The event involves major
problems with the plant's safety and has progressed
to the point that a release of some radioactivity into
the air or water is possible, but is not expected to
exceed Environmental protection Agency Protective
Action Guidelines (PACs). Thus, no action by the
public is necessary.
General Emergency - The event has caused a loss of
safety systems.
If such an event occurs, radiation
could be released that would penetrate the site
boundary. State and local authorities will take action
to protect the residents living near the plant. The
alert and notification system will be sounded. People
in the affected areas could be advised to evacuate, or
in some situations, to shelter in place. When the
sirens are sounded, radio and television alerts will
have site-specific information and instructions.
The St. Lucie Nuclear Power Plant is located 12 miles
southeast of the City of Ft. Pierce on Hutchinson Island in
St. Lucie County. The facility contains two reactors and is
owned and operated by the Florida Power & Light
Corporation. Counties within the 50 -mile EPZ include all or
portion of St. Lucie, Martin, Glades, Osceola, Okeechobee,
Brevard, Highlands, Palm Beach and Indian River.
Power Failure (outages)
In the U.S., from July 2 to August 10, 1996, the Western
States Utility Power Grid reported widespread power
outages that affected millions of customers in several
western states and adjacent areas of Canada and Mexico.
These problems resulted from a variety of related causes,
including sagging lines due to hot weather, flashovers from
transmission lines to nearby trees, and incorrect relay
settings. According to the electric utility industry's trade
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association, the potential for such disturbances is expected
to increase with the profound changes now sweeping the
electric utility industry.
To address times when generating capacity is tight, or falls
below consumer demand due to state or local emergencies,
the Florida Electrical Emergency Contingency Plan was
developed. Alerts have been created to give early warning
of potential electricity shortfalls and bring utilities,
emergency management officials, and the general public to
a state of preparedness. The Contingency Plan has four
stages (Florida Reliability Coordinating Council):
Generating Capacity Advisory - A Generating
Capacity Advisory is primarily for information
purposes. It starts utility tracking activities, and it
initiates inter -utility and inter -agency communication.
No action by the public is required. General
information may be distributed to consumers to
forewarn them of conditions if necessary.
Generating Capacity Alert - A Generating Capacity
Alert starts actions to increase reserves. Available
emergency supply options will be explored. When
reserves fall below the size of the largest generating
unit in the state, loss of that size unit to an
unexpected mechanical failure could lead to
blackouts somewhere since insufficient backup is
available.
Generating Capacity Emergency - A Generating
Capacity Emergency occurs when blackouts are
inevitable somewhere in Florida. Every available
means of balancing supply and demand will be
exhausted. Rolling blackouts, manually activated by
utilities, are a last resort to avoid system overload
and possible equipment damage. Frequent status
reports are provided to agencies and the media. The
Division of Emergency Management will consider
using the Emergency Alert System to inform citizens
of events and to direct them to available shelters if
conditions warrant. Recognizing the consequences
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of a loss of electricity, individual utility emergency
plans include provisions for special facilities critical to
the safety and welfare of citizens.
System Load Restoration - System Loan Restoration
is instituted when rolling blackouts have been
terminated and power supply is adequate. It is the
recovery stage, and efforts are made to provide
frequent system status reports.
C. Hazardous Materials Accidents
Hazardous materials accidents can occur anywhere there is
a road, rail line, pipeline, or fixed facility storing hazardous
materials. Virtually the entire state is at risk to an
unpredictable accident of some type. Most accidents are
small spills and leaks, but some result in injuries, property
damage, environmental contamination, and other
consequences. These materials can be poisonous,
corrosive, flammable, radioactive, or pose other hazards and
are regulated by the Department of Transportation.
However, out of approximately 1,663 hazardous materials
incidents reported statewide in 1997, no known fatalities
were reported, less than 4% resulted in injuries, at: d less
than 6% resulted in evacuation (Florida Department of
Community Affairs, 1998).
Emergencies involving hazardous materials can be expected
to range from a minor accident with no off-site effects to a
major accident that may result in an off-site release of
hazardous or toxic materials. The overall objective of
chemical emergency response planning and preparedness is
to minimize exposure for a wide range of accidents that
could produce off-site levels of contamination in excess of
Levels of Concern established by the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency. Minimizing this exposure will reduce
the consequences of an emergency to people in the area
near to facilities which manufacture, store, or process
hazardous materials (Treasure Coast Regional Planning
Council).
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A large volume of hazardous materials is transported to and
through the county by railroad and highway, air, water, and
pipeline daily. Within Indian River County, there are a
number of both public and private fixed facilities which
produce or use hazardous materials. Coordinating
procedures for hazardous material response are found within
the county's Emergency Plan for Hazardous Materials.
In addition to the county's Emergency Plan for Hazardous
Materials, Local Emergency Planning Committee officials
have prepared a plan for use in responding to and
recovering from a release of hazardous or toxic materials.
This plan addresses the range of potential emergency
situations and the appropriate measures to be implemented
to minimize exposure through inhalation, ingestion, or direct
exposure (Treasure Coast Regional Planning Council).
Mishandling and improper disposal or storage of medical
wastes and low-level radioactive projects from medical use
are also a hazard to Indian River County. For example, a
few years ago an incident occurred in New Jersey when
improper disposal of medical wastes resulted in some of the
used projects ending up on Atlantic Ocean beaches.
d. Transportation System Accidents.
Florida has a large transportation network consisting of
major highways, airports, marine ports, and passenger
railroads. The heavily populated areas of Indian River
County are particularly vulnerable to serious accidents
which are capable of producing mass casualties. With the
linear configuration of several major highways in Indian
River County, such as interstate highways and the Florida
Turnpike, major transportation accidents could occur in a
ralatively rural area, severely stressing the capabilities of
local resources to respond effectively. A recent notorious
example is the crash in the Everglades of Value Jet Flight
597 on May 11, 1996, which resulted in 109 fatalities and
a cost of millions of dollars, severely taxing the financial and
public safety resources of Dade County (Florida Department
of Community Affairs, 1998). Similarly, a major
transportation accident could involve a large number of
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 31
1771
tourists and visitors from other countries, given Florida's
popularity as a vacation destination, further complicating
the emergency response to such an event.
As a major industrial nation, the U.S. produces, distributes,
and consumes large quantities of oil. Petroleum-based oil
is used as a major power source to fuel factories and
various modes of transportation, and in many everyday
products, such as plastics, nylon, paints, tires, cosmetics,
and detergents ( Environmental Protection Agency, 1998).
At every point in the production, distribution, and
consumption process, oil is stored in tanks. With billions of
gallons of oil being stored throughout the country, the
potential for an oil spill is significant, and the effects of
spilled oil can pose serious threats to the environment.
In addition to petroleum-based oil, the U.S. consumes
millions of gallons of non -petroleum oils, such as silicone
and mineral -based oils and animal and vegetable oils. Like
petroleum products, these non -petroleum oils are often
stored in tanks that have the potential to spill, causing
environmental damages that are just as serious as those
caused by petroleum-based oils. To address the potential
environmental threat posed by petroleum and non-petrt )leum
oils, the U.S. Environmental protection Agency has
established a program designed to prevent oil spills. The
program has reduced the number of spills to less than 1 %
of the total volume handles each year (Environmental
Protection Agency, 1998).
Indian River County has about 22 miles of Atlantic Ocean
coastline that is subject to contamination caused by an oil
spill. By Executive Order, the responsibility for preparing
response plans for coastal oil spills is designated to the
Department of Environmental Protection, Division of Florida
Marine Patrol. The Florida Coastal Pollutant Spill Plan has
been prepared to coordinate response procedures and
recovery efforts after a spill. There are to active oil field
regions in Florida: Escambia and Santa Rosa counties in the
Panhandle, and Collier, Dade, Hendry, and Less counties in
southwest Florida.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 32
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f. Communications Failure
As society emerges from industrial production into the age
of information, we are seeing new kinds of technological
accidents/disasters. Recently, a communications failure
occurred that was the worst in 37 years of satellite serve.
Some major problems with the telecommunications satellite
Galaxy IV drastically affected 120 companies in the paging
industry (Rubin, 1998). Radio and other forms of news
broadcasts also were affected. The pager failure not only
affected personal and business communications, but
emergency management and medical personnel as well.
g. Military Ordnance from WWII
Unexploded military ordnance is a hazard unique to Indian
River County. The former Fort Pierce Naval Amphibious
Training Base was established in 1942. Training exercises
were conducted on outlying areas of North and South
Hutchinson Islands. Training at the base included testing of
bombs, rockets and mines. Several explosive devices left
over from these training missions have been found along the
shores of Vero Beach and Ft. Pierce. Public exposure to
unexploded ordnance could occur primarily as a res, ilt of
three types of activities: Earth moving (building
construction, pool construction, and major landscaping),
recreational diving and use of beach areas - unexploded
ordnance may wash ashore or be exposed after storms.
Prior clean up operations have been coordinated by the
Army Corps of Engineers (Jacksonville office).
3. Societal Hazards
a. To-rrorism and Sabotage
1) Terrorism
Terrorist attacks may take the form of induced dam
or levee failures, the use of hazardous materials to
injure or kill, or the use of biological weapons to
create an epidemic. While there have not been any
successful acts of terrorism committed in Florida in
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 34
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recent years, it is recognized that the state has many
critical and high-profile facilities, high concentration
of population, and other potentially attractive venues
for terrorist activity that are inherently vulnerable to
a variety of terrorist methods.
Governmental/political, transportation, commercial,
infrastructure, cultural, academic, research, military,
athletic, and other activities and facilities constitute
ideal targets for terrorist attacks which may cause
catastrophic levels of property and environmental
damage, injury, and loss of life. Furthermore, a
variety of extremist groups are known to operate
within Florida, and potential terrorist attacks have
been investigated and averted in recent years (Florida
Department of Community Affairs, 1998).
Acts of terrorism are also capable of creating
disasters which threaten the safety of a large number
of citizens. The U.S. has been relatively untouched
by the storm of terrorist activities experienced in
other parts of the world; however, in recent years, an
increasing incidence of terrorism has been recorded
in this nation.
The federal government has recognized that the U.S.
has entered the post -Cold War era. As a result,
federal planning guidelines regarding military threats
are in transition. However, nuclear weapons
continue to be a serious planning concern especially
in areas surrounding military installations. The influx
of undocumented aliens into south Florida from areas
unfriendly to the interest of the U.S. are monitored
by those involved with the emergency management
of government.
2) Computer Accidents and Sabotage
The President's Commission on Critical Infrastructure
Protection (PCCIP) recently reported that there is
increasing threat that the U.S. could suffer
something similar to an "Electronic Pearl Harbor"
Rubin, 1998). Networked information systems
present new security challenges in addition to the
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 35
benefits they offer. Long-term power outages could
cause massive computer outages, with severe
economic impacts such as loss of sales, credit
checking, banking transactions, and ability to
communicate and exchange information and data.
Today, the right command sent over a network to a
power generating station's control computer could be
just as effective as a backpack full of explosives, and
the perpetrator would be harder to identify and
apprehend," states the PCCIP report.
With the growth of A computer -literate population,
increasing numbers of people possess the skills
necessary to attempt such an attack. The resources
to conduct a cyber attack are now easily accessible
everywhere. A personal computer and an internet
service provider anywhere in the world are enough to
cause a great deal of harm. Threats include:
Human error;
Insider use of authorized access for
unauthorized disruptive purposes;
Recreational hackers - with or without hostile
intent;
Criminal activity - for financial gain, to steal
information or services, or organized crime;
Industrial espionage;
Terrorism - including various disruptive
operations; and
National intelligence - information warfare,
intended disruption of military operations.
The effects of such activities may take the form of
disruption of air traffic controls, train switches,
banking transfers, police investigations, commercial
transactions, defense plans, power line controls, and
other essential functions. As the internet becomes
more and more important, the loss of its services,
whether by accident or intent, becomes a greater
hardship for those relying on this new form of
communication. Computer failures could affect
emergency communications as well as routine civilian
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 36
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applications, such as telephone service, brokerage
transactions, credit card payments, Social Security
payments, pharmacy transactions, airline schedules,
etc.
b. Civil Disturbance
As in any other area, Indian River County is subject to civil
disturbances in the form of riots, mob violence, and a
breakdown of law and order in a focalized area.
Communities with racial mixtures, gang violence, and drug
trafficking are increasingly aware of the need to plan for
civil disturbance emergencies. Although they can occur at
any time, civil disturbances are often preceded by periods
of increased tension caused by questionable social and/or
political events such as controversial jury trials or law
enforcement actions (Florida Department of Community
Affairs, 1998). Police services are responsible for the
restoration of law and order in any specific area of the
county.
C. Immigration Crisis
Florida's location as the nearest U.S. land mass bordering
the Caribbean basin makes it a chosen point of entry for
many migrants attempting to enter the country illegally. A
major consequence of a mass arrival of illegal immigrants
could be disruptive to the routine functioning of the
impacted community, resulting in significant expenditures
related to the situation. An example of this threat occurred
in 1994, when the state responded to two mass migration
incidents. In May 1994, there was an unexpected
migration of approximately 100 Haitian refugees, while in
August 1994, there was in influx of 700 Cubans ( Florida
Department of Community Affairs, 1998). These events
are typically preceded by periods of increasing tension
abroad, which can be detected and monitored.
Enforcement of immigration laws is a federal government
responsibility. However, it is anticipated that joint
jurisdictional support of any operation will be required from
the state and local governments.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 37
The Atlantic shore of Indian River County is the frequent
scene of the arrival of undocumented aliens, usually Haitian
or Cuban.
The county has both the history and the
potential for the unannounced arrival of a large number of
aliens. Until relieved of the responsibility by the state and
federal governments, Indian River County must be capable
of providing mass refugee care to include shelter, food,
water, transportation, medical, police protection, and other
social services.
B. GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION
Indian River County is located on the Atlantic along the south-central
Coast of Florida. The County occupies a total land area of 525 square
miles (336,418 acres) of which 36.4 square miles (23,000 acres) are
water, and 489 square miles (313,118 acres) are land area. Included in
the land area are five (5) municipalities. Indian River County is about 33
miles wide from east to west and 22 miles long from north to south. In
addition to the Atlantic Ocean on the east, the County is bounded by
Brevard County on the north, St. Lucie County on the south and
Okeechobee and Osceola Counties on the west.
The mainland topography of Indian River County is generally low in
elevation, without significant deviation. However, two ridges parallel the
coast, one about 1 mile inland from the Indian River with elevations up
to 30 feet, the other about 10 miles inland with similar elevations. The
coastal barrier islands have typical dune topography with dune elevations
of about 15 feet.
In Indian River County, the average rainfall is approximately 55 inches per
year. This rainfall is unevenly distributed, much of it occurring during the
summer and early fall months. The drainage area of Indian River County
is generally divided by the two geographic ridges that parallel the coast.
Areas west of the inland ridge are relatively flat and drain westward to
the St. John's Marsh, aided by extensive canals which have been
constructed for agricultural use. The basin area between the ridges is
generally low and felatively flat. drainage of the northern portion of this
basin area is provided by the South Prong of the St. Sebastian River and
a network of manmade canals. The central and southern portions have
essentially no natural watercourses. This area is drained by an extensive
network of manmade canals and ditches that are interconnected and
joined with Main Relief, North Relief, and South Relief Canals and that
discharge into the Indian River.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 38
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The occurrence of floods is an important concern for communities with
coasts subject to storm events, or for any community with waterbodies
and waterways having flood hazard areas. A flood hazard is any land
area that is susceptible to being inundated by water from any source.
Flooding is a temporary condition of partial or complete inundation of
normally dry land areas. Floods can occur throughout the Indian River
County area anytime during the year; however, they are most frequent
during the rainy season from May to October. The streams and canals
in the low area between the parallel ridges, as well as those that
discharge into the St. John's River, are subject to flooding from
prolonged heavy rainfalls.
Low, swampy, inland areas are subject to flooding during wet periods
and coastal areas of the county are subject to storm surge flooding
resulting from hurricane or tropical storm activity. Areas along the Indian
River Lagoon may also experience flooding from storm surge caused by
hurricane winds piling water against shorelines, causeways and bridges.
A diagram of flood prone areas is attached to this document and
identified as Figure 2.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 39
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Nearly two-thirds of the total land area is west of Interstate 95; however,
more than 85% of the population resides in the eastern third of the
County, and is vulnerable to the effects of both man-made and natural
disasters. The City of Fellsmere is the only community in the western
part of the County. The land along the western boundary of the County
is used primarily for range and pasture land with few residential
structures. To the east is the St. Johns marsh, a large freshwater marsh
extending the entire length of the County. Included in this significant
wetland is the 6,000 acre Blue Cypress Lake. The land between the
marsh and 1-95 is devoted primarily to agriculture, and subject to disaster
caused by weather phenomena. Other than the City of Fellsmere in the
north, there is little human settlement hi this area.
The eastern portion of the County can be divided into two major areas:
the mainland and the barrier island. The southern portion of the eastern
mainland is the most highly developed area and contains the highest
population concentration in the County. The central area of the mainland
has experienced sparse development. Residential and commercial
activities are concentrated along the U.S. 1 corridor. A chart depicting
the existing land uses in the coastal area is attached to this document
and identified as Figure 3.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 41
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ow
Figure 3
Source: Indian River County Comprehensive Plan (1996), Table 2. 3 Existing Land Uses
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Pian Basic Page 42
EXISTING LAND USES (1996)
Obtained from the Comprehensive Plan Evaluation and Appraisal Report
ACRES
A. RESIDENTIAL
1) Single family
2) Multi -family
3) Mobile homes
4) Vacant residential
34,634
13,289
1,374
1,750
18,220
B. COMMERCIAL 1,304
C. INDUSTRIAL 749
D. AGRICULTURAL 182,454
E. RECREATIONAL 3,084
F. CONSERVATION (PUBLICLY OWNED) 67,229
G. PUBLIC FACILITIES 4,946
H. OTHER 3,050
TOTAL UNINCORPORATED LAND AREA 297,4501
Source: Indian River County Comprehensive Plan (1996), Table 2. 3 Existing Land Uses
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Pian Basic Page 42
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The northern mainland portion of the County contains Sebastian, the
second largest city in population. Sometime in the near future, Sebastian
is expected to become the largest city in the County. Agricultural uses
in this area are confined to areas south of the city.
The barrier island can be characterized as three distinct areas. The
northern third of the island is the least developed. Natural vegetation and
citrus groves cover much of the area. The Town of Orchid, known for
its high quality citrus, is located in this northern portion of the island.
The Pelican Island Wildlife Refuge, the first in the nation, occupies
several small islands in the Indian River lagoon as well as some wetland
area on the barrier island. The northernmost tip of the island is occupied
by the Sebastian Inlet Recreation Area. Portions along this part of the
island are designated as undeveloped coastal barrier.
The island is approximately 22 miles long and averages in width from
100 feet to 1 1/2 miles. The average height above mean sea level is
eight feet with highs of sixteen feet and lows of two feet above mean
sea level. The island is ace--!ssibie by four bridges that connect it to the
mainland. One bridge, a two-lane, is located in St. Lucie County and
provides access to the Island from the extreme South. Three bridges in
Indian River County provide accessibility to the island:
a two-lane bridge in the North county area (Wabasso)
a four -lane (Merrill Barber Bridge) located in mid -county
a four -lane (17th Street Bridge) also located in mid -county
approximately ten (10) blocks South of the Barber Bridge
Orchid (Hutchinson) Island provides a land barrier to the mainland of any
activity operated in the Atlantic Ocean for the entire coastal area of the
County.
Indian River County is enriched with a diversity of upland and wetland
ecological communities, varying in composition as the county extends
from the Atlantic Ocean and Indian River Lagoon westward to the St.
Johns Marsh and Blue Cypress Lake. A Soil Conservation Service (SCS)
publication entitled "26 Ecological Communities of Florida" identifies at
least thirteen different ecological communities within Indian River County.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 43
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The major ecological communities within Indian River County are
identified as follows:
South Florida Coastal Strand
Sand Pine/Xeric Scrub
South Florida Flatwoods
Tropical/Coastal Hammocks
Freshwater Wetlands
Indian River Lagoon and Associated Estuarine Wetlands
Nearshore Atlantic Ocean
Of particular concern are those ecological communities located in the
eastern portion of the county, where development pressures conflict with
the preservation of diminishing habitats. Tropical hammock communities
and coastal scrub communities are examples of habitats found almost
exclusively in Florida that are in danger of disappearing or being
drastically reduced, along with their unique flora and fauna. A balance
of natural system preservation and the rights of property owners to
develop land is an important issue to be considered as county population
and development growth continues.
C. DEMOGRAPHICS
With a 1998 total resident and seasonal population of nearly 107,000,
Indian River County ranks as one of the fastest growing counties in the
state of Florida. Area wise, this provides approximately 203 persons per
square mile throughout the entire county. However, the majority of the
County's population resides within the eastern ten miles of the County,
or approximately 600 persons per square mile. It is estimated that by the
year 2000, Indian River County's total population will grow to nearly
111,000. According to statistics prepared by the Bureau of the Census
and the University of Florida's Bureau of Economic and Business
Research (1999), this County's population had a 18.3% increase
between 1990 and 1998. A chart representing the population centers
in the county is attached to this document and identified as Figure 4.
Additional statistics reveal that much of the immigrating population has
produced a median age in the County that is nearly ten years greater than
that of the median age of the United States.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 44
Figure 4
POPULATION CENTERS IN THE COUNTY
2000 Projection)
MUNICIPALITY (OR AREA) POPULATION
Vero Beach 17,727
Sebastian 17,153
Fellsmere 2.885
Indian River Shores 3,037
Orchid 276
Gifford 8,586
Roseland 2,053
Wabasso 1,440
Winter Beach 1,337
Vero Beach South 18,829
Florida Ridge 13,786
S.R. Corridor 8,979
South Beach 3,101
North Beach 1,509
Unallocated 12,195
Unincorporated 71,222
Total 112,300
SOURCE: INDIAN RIVER COUNTY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN TABLE 1.33
These figures represent the total resident and seasonal populations which
incorporates an inflation of residents during the tourist season.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 45
DISTRIBUTION OF POPULATION BY AGE
1990 CENSUS
5 AND UNDER 6-19 20-34 35-64 65+
4,918 14,447 15,929 30,322 24,592
These figures represent the total resident and seasonal populations which
incorporates an inflation of residents during the tourist season.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 45
There are 32,216 single family residential units and 13,436 multi -family
residential units in the County (data obtained from the 1995 Indian River
County Comprehensive Plan). Additionally, there are approximately
6,699 mobile home/recreational vehicle dwellings in the County, many
of which are situated in large mobile home villages. Approximately 85%
of all the facilities listed above are located within ten miles of the east
coast.
Agricultural production and processing are an important component of
the County's economy. The seasonal nature of citrus production has
required the use of migrant labor during peak harvesting season
February/March). A survey conductec; of the County Agricultural
Extension, Florida Employment Service and the Department of Health and
Rehabilitative Service provides estimates of 1,000 migrant farm laborers
are used during the peak of the season. Census data gathered in 1990
suggests that approximately 6,081 citizens residing in Indian River
County speak a language other than English.
The Atlantic beaches and the excellent climate in the County provide the
basis for a year-round tourist industry. There are numerous hotels and
motels in the County as well as retail and service establishments geared
to serving the tourist trade. Seasonal population is composed of those
persons who visit or reside in the county for a period of less than six
months. This group includes tourists and other short-term and long-term
visitors, many of whom congregate on the barrier island. An estimated
seasonal population figure for 1995 is 23,936.
In July of 1989, the Indian River County Department of Emergency
Services formed a committee to address people with special medical
needs. Since then, the goal of the Special Needs Shelter Program is to
provide a safe place for persons requiring medical assistance to
temporarily shelter during an evacuation from either a man-made or
natural disaster, rather than inundating local hospitals with a large
number of people that a specially equipped and staffed shelter could
adequately handle. Candidates for the Special Needs Shelter are
encouraged to register with our office in advance. Currently, we have
approximately 900 registrants for the Special Needs Shelter.
Indian River County is affected by its coastal location. Thunderstorms
average 80 days a year. Annually, 132 days have rainfall of at least .01
inches on the average, and there are 74 clear days, 159 partly cloudy
days, and 132 cloudy days. Annually, we receive approximately 55
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Pian Basic Page 46
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inches of rainfall. Sea breezes modify the climate of a narrow coastal
belt a few miles wide. The sea breeze quickly reduces high afternoon
temperatures and provides a flow of air when one would otherwise not
exist.
The sea breeze is most prevalent in summer, when winds in the County
average 9.4 mph. In addition, the mixing height (thickness of a layer of
air resting on the ground surface, in which vigorous vertical mixing
occurs) is thickest during the summer and thinnest in the winter.
High risk areas relative to hurricane and flood effects have been identified
and designated based on elevation and proximity to coastal waters.
Development density of any specific area has been considered in the
allocation of shelter space. The vulnerability of nursing homes and
congregate care centers to the adverse effect of severe weather,
primarily based on elevation and construction, requires special
consideration in evacuation plans.
The chief industries of the heavily populated east coast are light
manufacturing, citrus production and processing, selected service trades,
construction, aircraft manufacturing (Piper), real estate, wholesale and
retail trade.
D. ECONOMIC PROFILE
Below is a chart listing the five largest employers in Indian River County
and their approximate current level of employment as of July 1997.
RANK EMPLOYER TYPE EMPLOYEES
1 School Dist. of Indian River Co. Government 1,850
2 Indian River Memorial Hospital Health Care 1,300
3 Indian River County Government 1153
4 Publix f;orporation Retail, Grocery 900
5 Sun Ag, Inc. Citrus, Agriculture 850
Source: Vero Beach/lndlan River County Chamber of Commerce, July 23, 1997).
Indicates peak seasonal employment
The data collected for 1997 indicates Indian River County's
unemployment rate as 8.1% and a 1996 per capita income of 534,374.
The median housing value for Indian River County in 1993 was $83,160.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 47
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E. EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT SUPPORT FACILITIES
1. Critical Facilities - Indian River County and its municipalities have
identified all critical facilities required for an immediate emergency
response following a major emergency/disaster event, and other
facilities or areas necessary to support recovery operations.
Several categories of critical facilities have been included. For
specific information, see the Critical Facilities Inventory attached
and identified as an Annex to this document.
2. Recovery Staging Areas
a. Materials and Supplies
1) Barber Street Sports Complex -
1115 Barber Street, Sebastian
2) Indian River County Fairgrounds -
7900 58th Avenue, Wabasso
3) City of Vero Beach Municipal Airport -
3400 Cherokee Drive, Vero Beach
b. Volunteers
1) Hobart Park
5350 77th Avenue, Wabasso
Disaster Field Offices (DFOs)
Following a major or catastrophic disaster that exceeds the
State's ability to respond, in which the Emergency or Major
Disaster Declaration is granted by the President, federal
assistance to disaster victims becomes available under three
program areas: Individual Assistance, Public Assistance,
and Hazard Mitigation. The administration of these
programs is coordinated through a joint federal/state effort
in a DFO, which is usually located in the impacted area.
The following areas have been pre -determined to house
DFOs:
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 48
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1) Sebastian City Hall
1225 Main Street, Sebastian
2) Fellsmere City Hall
22 S. Cypress Street, Fellsmere
3) Indian River Co. Administration Bldg.
1840 25th Street, Vero Beach
4) City of Vero Beach Community Center
2266 14th Avenue, Vero Beach
d. Disaster Recovery Centers (DRCs)
Should the President authorize a Declaration of Disaster,
Disaster Recovery Centers will open to provide the public
access to apply for federal assistance funding. The centers
will provide residents and businesses with information on
available programs and assist applicants with completion of
the necessary forms/documentation. The following
locations have been designated as sites for Disaster
Recovery Centers.
1) Indian River County Administration Bldg.
1840 25th Street, Vero Beach
2) Sebastian City Hall
1225 Main Street, Sebastian
3) Fellsmere City Hall
22 South Cypress Street, Fellsmere
4) Vero Beach Police Department
1055 20th Street, Vero Beach
6,) Indian River Shores City Hall
6001 A1A, Indian River Shores
6) Town of Orchid City Hall
10 Orchid Island Drive, Town of Orchid
e. Storage Depots
1) Barber Street Sports Complex -
1115 Barber Street, Sebastian
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 49
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171
2) Indian River County Fairgrounds -
7900 58th Avenue, Wabasso
3) City of Vero Beach Municipal Airport -
3400 Cherokee Drive, Vero Beach
3. Landing Zones have been identified and coordinated with the
Florida National Guard.
a. The primary landing zone is located at:
Vero Beach Municipal Airport
Latitude 27° 39' 33"/Longitude 080° 25' 08"
b. The secondary landing zone is located at:
Sebastian Airport
Latitude 27° 48' 77"/Longitude 0800 29' 74"
The coordinates for these locations have been transmitted to the
appropriate agencies.
F. PLANNING ASSUMPTIONS
1. A disaster may occur with little or no warning and may escalate
far more rapidly than the ability of any single local response
organization to handle. The success of rapid response depends
on:
a. Multi -discipline, impact assessment teams;
b. Procedures to ensure quick and effective decision-making,
such as pre -deployment and aggressive training of elected
officials and responders on responsibilities and emergency
assignments; and
C. Procedures to rapidly implement local mutual aid, state
mutual aid and possibly federal assistance.
2. Effective hurricane preparedness requires
continual public
awareness and education programs, so that citizens will take
appropriate advance action based upon the category of the
hurricane expected.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 50
s
3. Evacuation and shelter strategies must be based on citizen
cooperation with staggered evacuation and best -available shelter
options until the shelter deficit can be reduced.
4. A strategy based upon sheltering people with special needs that
provides varying levels of care. The intent of the strategy is to
establish minimum standards so that the general population and
service providers will understand the level of care which can be
reasonably expected at regular shelters. Persons needing greater
care should be prompted to register for special assistance.
Planning at the County and state level will depend on pre -
identification of populations and determination of resource
shortfalls and contingencies.
5. The Emergency Operations Center (EOC) will be activated and
staffed with lead agencies that become a part of an ESF concept.
The primary agency for each ESF will be responsible for
coordinating the planning and response activities of their
respective support agencies.
111. CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS
A. LEVELS OF DISASTER
Chapter 252, Florida Statutes, requires each county to develop and
maintain a County Emergency Management Plan (CEMP). This CEMP
must contain provisions to ensure that the county is prepared for minor,
major, and catastrophic disasters. Therefore, a resolution was passed by
the Indian River County Board of County Commissioners adopting this
county's CEMP. A signed copy of the resolution can be found as a
preface to this document.
Minor Disaster
Any disaster that is likely to be within the response capabilities of
local government and results in only minimal need for state or
federal assistance.
In accordance with this CEMP, this definition translates into a
Level III or Level II activation of the EOC.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 51
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2. Major Disaster
Any disaster that will likely exceed local capabilities and require a
broad range of state and federal assistance.
In accordance with this CEMP, this definition translates into a
Level II or Level I activation of the EOC. The SEOC will be
notified, and potential state assistance will be coordinated.
Catastrophic Disaster
Any disaster that will require massive state and federal assistance,
including immediate military involvement.
In accordance with this CEMP, this definition translates into a
Level I activation of the EOC. The SEOC will be notified and may
be requested to pre -deploy to the EOC; potential federal assistance
will involve response as well as recovery needs.
B. GENERAL
Local units of government call for assistance during events in
which their own resource and response capabiliti as are
overwhelmed. The County will provide assistance to municipalities
within their borders, and then turn to the state for assistance
when their capabilities are overwhelmed. The County and the
state together determine whether inter -county mutual aid or direct
state assistance is needed.
2. Direction and control of all emergency management activities
remain under the Indian River County Board of County
Commissioners at all times. The organization and staffing
structure of the Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency
Management Plan are tailored to meet the needs of specific
emergencies and disasters. Organizational structure and
identification of operational and support roles within the EOC,
which depicts the total preparedness, response, recovery and
mitigation system, can be found in the EOC Suggested Operating
Procedures attached and identified as Appendix D.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 52
3. The EOC will be activated by the Emergency Management
Director, or his designee, at any time a threat of danger to Indian
River County becomes imminent. The EOC will then become the
central command post for coordinating the operational, logistical
and administrative support needs of response personnel located in
the EOC or in the field.
The Primary EOC is located in the first floor conference
room of the County Administration Building, located at
1840 25th Street, and will be the first choice for EOC
operations.
The first alternate EOC will be the communications center
of the Indian River County Sheriff's Office, located at 4055
41 st Avenue. This site will be designated only if conditions
threaten the primary location. The Emergency Management
Director, or his designee, will make the decision to move to
this location if it becomes necessary.
C. A second alternate EOC will be chosen given the existing
conditions at the time.
4. The County must be able to respond quickly and effectively to
developing events that may require the County to enact a Mutual
Aid Agreement. When an event or potential event is first
detected, the EOC initiates activation (monitoring).
Communications are maintained between the County EOC and the
SEDC; the county commissioners and Governor may be notified.
5. As County operations progress, the Emergency Management
Director may advise the Board of County Commissioners to declare
a local state of emergency and make a formal request for state
assistance.. The request is channeled through FDEM to the
Governor's Office. At the same time, FDEM may recommend that
the Governor declare a statewide emergency.
After impact of a major or catastrophic emergency, Rapid Impact
Assessment Teams (RIATs) may be deployed at the request of the
Emergency Management Director. These teams, under the
auspices of the Florida National Guard (FNG) and ESF #13 (Military
Support), will be deployed via aircraft or land transport to augment
local assessment of the immediate human needs (food, water,
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 53
health/medical, housing), and the damage to infrastructure
transportation, communications and utility systems). The disaster
assessment is used to identify those emergency actions that are
necessary to preserve life and property in the impacted area. See
Annex III of the CEMP for more information.
7. The County EOC serves as the central clearinghouse for
information collection and coordination of response and recovery
resources within the County, including the cities within the
County. During a major or catastrophic emergency in Florida, un-
impacted counties are also requested to activate their EOC. This
system allows the SEOC to coordinate the delivery of intra -state
mutual aid in an organized manner through the County network.
ORGANIZATION
1. Implementation of the concept of operations is carried out through
the organizational structure described by the emergency support
functions (ESFs). The organization is led by the Emergency
Management Director, in consultation with the Board of County
Commissioners. This organizational concept is compatible with
the current concept implemented by FDEM and FEMA and is
identified in the EOC Suggested Operating Procedures, attac ned to
this document and identified as Appendix D.
2. The Emergency Management Director, or his designee, is
responsible for activating the plan and directing preparedness,
response, recovery and mitigation operations.
3. ESFs represent groupings of types of assistance activities that the
County is likely to need from the State. For a complete listing of
primary and secondary agencies and their respective ESFs, see the
ESF Matrix attached to this document and identified as Figure 5.
ESFs and lead agencies include:
ESF #1 Transportation - Indian River County School Board
Transportation Department
To coordinate transportation systems and provide emergency
transport of goods for other ESFs.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 54
4i
7
ESF #2 Communications - Indian River County Department of
Emergency Services,
Emergency Management Division and
Radiological Emergency Preparedness Division.
To provide emergency radio and telephone communications
services to organizations involved in the response and recovery
operation and to support the private sector in restoration of the
affected public grids.
ESF # 3 Public Works and Engineerin - Indian River County Public
Works Department
To evaluate infrastructure damage and coordinate emergency
debris clearing of essential roads. Will also coordinate emergency
contracting, engineering services, and demolitions.
ESF #4 Firefighting - Indian River County Department of
Emergency Services, Fire Services Division
To detect and suppress wildland, rural and urban fires. Also, to
provide incident management teams to assist in command and
control operations. Directs all search and rescue operations.
ESF #5 Information and Planning -Indian River County Department
of Emergency Services, Emergency Management Division
To collect, analyze and disseminate critical information on
emergency operations for decision-making purposes.
ESF #6 Mass Care - American Red Cross - Indian River County
Chapter
To manage and coordinate shelters, feeding and first aid for
disaster victims.
ESF #7 Resource Support - Indian River County Department of
Emergency Services, Emergency Management Division
To secure resources through mutual aid agreements, or procure
resources for other ESFs as needed.
t,
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 55
AID
e
ESF #8 Health & Medical Services -
Indian River County Public
Health Unit
To identify health and medical needs, provide trained health and
medical personnel, and to provide supplies and emergency facilities
in the affected area, as well as in shelters.
ESF #9 Urban Search and Rescue - Indian River County
Department of Emergency Services, Fire Services Division and the
Indian River County Sheriff's Office
The Sheriff's Office is the lead agency responsible for coordinating
and securing Search and Rescue (SAR) areas. The Fire Services
Division is the lead agency for locating, extricating and providing
emergency assistance to victims trapped in debris or wreckage
created by the disaster.
ESF #10 Hazardous Materials - Indian River County Environmental
Health Department
To provide inspection, containment, and cleanup of hazardous
materials accidents or releases.
ESF #11 Food and Water - Indian River County Department of
Emergency Services, Emergency Management Division and the
American Red Cross - Indian River County Chapter
To coordinate with ESF #6 to identify the food and water needs
of disaster victims, and to ensure that supplies of food and water
or vouchers to obtain them locally where possible) are provided.
ESF #1? Energy and Utilities - Indian River County Utilities
Department
To coordinate and direct the restoration of water, sewer, electrical
power, phone service, and fuel supplies.
ESF #13 Military Support - Florida National Guard
To coordinate RIAT assignments and National Guard resources to
assist in the ESFs where needed.
Basic Pae 56IndianRiverCountyComprehensiveEmergencyManagementPlan9
L-1
ESF #14 Public Information - Indian River County Department of
Emergency Services, Emergency Management Division
To establish and manage Joint Information Centers (JIC), and to
coordinate the dissemination of all disaster -related information to
the media and the general public.
ESF #15 Volunteers and Donations - Indian River County
Department of Emergency Services, Emergency Management
Division
To manage the receipt and distribution of donated goods and
services to meet requests in the wake of a disaster.
ESF #16 Law Enforcement and Security - Indian River County
Sheriff's Office
To provide armed escorts to emergency workers or transport
caravans and security to emergency facilities, as well as general
law enforcement services during an emergency.
ESF #17 Animal Care - Indian River County Department of
Emergency Services, Animal Control Division and the Humane
Society Vero Beach and Indian River County
To coordinate and provide adequate shelter and care for animals.
ESF #18 Special Needs Care - Indian River County Department of
Emergency Services, Emergency Medical Services Division
To coordinate and provide adequate shelter and care for citizens
with non -hospital special medical needs.
ESF #19 Emergency Medical Services - Indian River County
Department of Emergency Services, Emergency Medical Services
Division
To coordinate and direct field medical operations for search and
rescue, field hospitals, emergency response requests and
transportation.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan
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Basic Page 57
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40
FIGURE 5
ESF MATRIX - PRIMARY AND SUPPORT AGENCIES
AGENCY ESF1 EBF2 ESFJ ESF4 ESFE ESFB ESF
7 ESFB ESF9 ESF10 ESF17 ESF
12
EBF
lT
ESF
1 ESF18 ESFiB ESF17 ESF
16
ESF
19
9.1. 1 COMMUNICATIONS S
ABLE HEALTH SERVICES
S
AMERICAN RED CROSS • S P S S P S S S
INDIAN RIVER CO.
CHAPTER
SELLSOUTH S E
CIVIL AIR PATROL S S S
COMMUNICATIONS INT'L S
COUNCIL ON AGING S
S
DISASTER MEDICAL SVCS S 5
FEDERAL AVIATION S
ADMINISTRATION
FELLSMERE, CRY OF S
guSElnp Dap.n t
S
Poea Dip d—1 6 S S S 5
PuhEc WO,k. S
FLLLSMERE FARMS
WATER CONTROL
DISTRICT B
FLORIDA. STATE OF I FCom—ka9onF, Div. of 6
Depw—t of
Lew Enlon—WS 5
FNt, ChMh' Awdadon S S
Fn11.IV. Div, of S
HghwFy Patrol.. S
Mallna P.VOI S
Na1k.1 O—d S S S S S 5 S S S P 6 S
FLORIDA EMERGENCY
PREPAREDNESS ASSOC. S S
FLORIDA POWER S LIGHT S
HOME HEALTH CARE
S --
HUMANE SOCIETY P
INDIAN RIVER COUNTY
Aiikuh-1 Exunalo.
Animal Connnl
I DCC Dike S
Dullding Doputmant 5
Community D—I.P—M B
mv aamin. omcaF s s
e19anoy Mana9a1' P P S P P
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 58
do
40
Indian River County Comprehensive Ernergoncy Management Plan Basic Page 59
ESF ESF ESF ESF ESF ESP ESP ESP ESP ESF ESP ESP ESF ESF17 ESF18 ESF
19AOENOyESFESFESF
1 2 4 S 8 7 8 9 10 it 12 17 14 18 18
Em.rg—y M.dk.l P h
S-1— 5 S S
Envhonrrwntal Ht.ld
p J
Ph. S.rvlt.. i' I• 5 5
G.—.1 SITYIC./ S 5
ODI,. of Mot. G RudB.t
PawnnN
S
Pmp.,ty App. CHI-
PVbllt H..hh Unit 5 S P S
Public Work. I' S
6thool DI.trkt S S S u
Sh.rilU. Offi,.
p r
Sola W.u. Dip. DI.t,
Tlt.tommuN,.Uan. Dl,
5
Utkitl.t 5., S p
HOLMES REGIONAL
MEDICAL CENTER FIRST
FLIGHT
INDIANRIVER COUIJTY
VOLUNTEER AMBULANCE
SERVICE
INDIARIVER FARMS
uATEN
5
1 CONTROL DIST.
DIAN RIVER MEMORIAL 5
HDENTAL— rrINDIANRIVERMOSOUITO
CONTROL DISTRICT
5
INDIAN RIVER SHORES, rTOWNOF S
nulldinp O.p.rimtnt S
Pub Rt S.f.ty S S S S S
Publk W.11, S S
JOHN'S ISLAND S
SECURITY
MEDICAL EXAMINER'S S
OFFICE
ORCHID, TOWN OF S
RACES/ARES S
5T. JOHNS WATER
S
CONTROL DISTRICT
SALVATION ARMY S S S S S S
SEBASTIAN AIRPORT
Indian River County Comprehensive Ernergoncy Management Plan Basic Page 59
Indian River County Comprohonsivo Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 60
EbF ESF ESF ESP ESF ESF ESF ESF ESF ESP ESP ESP ESF ESF1B ES' I
EBF ESP ESF ESPAOEHCY
1 2 7 4 6 6 7 B 9 10 71 12 73 14 15 16 17
SEBASTIAN, CITY OF S
CommurJty 0".IopmwN S
5 S S S S
P.k. D.p.tt—I
Pu6So W.4. S 6 S B
SEBASTIAN RIVERS S S
MEDICAL CENTER
TAMPA GENERAL S
HOSPITAL
UNITED STATES
Al, Fora
J
Army
Cont 0—d 6
S
tAvin. Corp.
S
tAi3M1.ry R..wvs Unna
S
tl.vy
VERO BEACH, CITY OF
AYpalt
S
ul"Wo Pow" R..—co
Fl—c. S
Ilum.n Rt-u— G
Merin.
Pl. onmy i Zonk:p
Poli,. D.p.11m.nt s
PuLLLc Wolk. & Enp, S 1i
P Ich..Mg
Solid W.II.IGMS S
T--lj.lon & Ol.t.
W.I.r & S.— 5 5
VOLUNTEER ACTION CTR.
S
S
VETERINARY COMMU111TV
S
VNA111O5PICE
Indian River County Comprohonsivo Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 60
40
D. DIRECTION & CONTROL
1. Discussion of decision-making authority retained at county level:
a. The on -scene commander or commanders in an emergency
response are local officials, usually a representative from
emergency management, law enforcement, fire or EMS.
Overall, local coordination and commitment authority for
local assets is retained by local elected officials, and
delegated to the County Emergency Management Director.
The Emergency Management Director is responsible for the
activation and maintenance of the operational readiness of
the EOC, directing county evacuation, opening shelters,
requesting state assistance and all recovery activities within
the county. County authorities, through the Emergency
Management Director, may also activate mutual aid
agreements with neighboring counties, and will coordinate
mutual aid agreements between municipalities within the
county.
2. Maintaining consistency with the Federal Emergency Management
Agency and State Emergency Operations Center, the followil g are
the levels of activation used by the County EOC:
a. Level I - Full Scale Activation:
In a full scale activation, all lead and support agencies are
notified. The EOC will be staffed by Emergency
Management personnel, volunteers and all ESFs.
b. Level II - Partial Activation of EOC:
This is a limited agency activation. All primary, or lead, ESF
agencies are notified. The EOC will be staffed by
Emergency Management personnel and necessary ESFs.
Level til - Monitoring Activation:
Typically a "monitoring" phase. Notification will be made
to those agencies and ESFs who would need to take action
as part of their everyday responsibilities.
1 Basic Page 61Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan
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3. Once the EOC has been activated by the Emergency Management
Director, all Department of Emergency Services personnel will be
recalled and placed on 12 -hour shifts to ensure 24-hour staffing of
the EOC and field operations. This arrangement will remain in
effect until released by the Emergency Management Director.
4. Upon activation of the EOC, the use of EM 2000 software will be
initiated. This software, also utilized by FDEM, is a sophisticated
way of controlling and documenting the flow of information within
the EOC. See Annex II -Support Functions, ESF #5 (information
and Planning) for more detailed information.
5. All mission requests and messages logged into EM2000 will be
monitored and tracked by ESF #5. Situation Reports will be
printed on a regular basis and forwarded to the Emergency
Management Director for his/her review and dissemination.
The Emergency Management Director and/or the EOC Supervisor
are responsible for developing and maintaining SOPs and
checklists, which detail how assigned responsibilities will be
implemented to support this plan.
Discussion of decision making authority of the SCO, GAR, Deputy
SCO response, SERT leader, and SERT ESFs:
a. At the State level, decision-making authority and
commitment of state assets is retained at the SEOC by the
SERT Leader, or some other designee within the DCA. The
SERT Leader may issue mission assignments to the lead
agencies of the state ESFs. Mission assignments and
mutual aid agreements, brokered by the state, are tracked
in the SEOC by a staff person reporting to the SERT Leader.
b. In the event of federal assistance, a SCO will be appointed
to interface directly with the federal government.
Depending on the complexity of the event and the need to
broaden span -of -control, the SCO may be supported and
assisted by the GAR and Deputy SCOs for Response and
Recovery. The Deputy SCOs are responsible for ensuring
close coordination between federal and state
representatives and anticipating the needs and conflicts in
the operation as it progresses.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 62
0
LJ
w
Discussion of Direction and Control for Evacuation
a. The majority of evacuations are site specific and related to
a specific public safety hazard; this type of evacuation is
usually initiated by the first arriving public safety officer.
County -wide evacuations greater than a minor incident in
scope will be directed by the Emergency Management
Director, or his designee. Planned evacuations with notice,
such as would occur when hurricane warnings are
announced, may be initiated following a decision by the
Board of County Commissioners. In such cases, the
evacuation will be coordinated and administered by the
County officials using local government resources in
accordance with County evacuation plans. Indian River
County has mutual aid agreements with St. Lucie,
Okeechobee, Osceola, and Brevard Counties, and is a
participant in the Statewide Mutual Aid Agreement for
Catastrophic Response and Recovery to provide expanded
resource capability. These agreements will be developed,
coordinated and amended by the Emergency Management
Director. During any county administered evacuation that
does not require activation of the SEDC, state assistance
may be provided under the various state agencies' nc;mal
statutory authority through coordination by FDEM.
However, in the event of a multi -county, regional or
interregional evacuation, the Governor or the GAR may
issue an evacuation order in support of a local order. This
decision wi!I be made following consultation with the SCO,
the Deputy SCO for Response, and the SERT leader and
representatives of the impacted counties.
C. All, state assistance and support of such evacuations will be
coordinated from the SEOC under the direction and control
of the SERT Leader. Decisions on evacuation issues, such
as lifting tolls on state toll facilities, locking down
drawbridges, deploying and pre -deploying personnel,
determining regional evacuation routes, directing people
caught on evacuation routes to safe shelter, ensuring the
sufficiency of reasonably priced fuel, and addressing any
emergency medical issues relative to evacuation. The
following types of decisions will be made after coordination
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 63
s
between the SERT Leader, the affected State ESF and the
impacted counties.
9. Discussion of Direction and Control for Shelter
The decision of opening shelters is a responsibility of the
Emergency Management Director. Should a request for assistance
be made to the SEOC, it will be to support the local sheltering plan
with assistance in staffing shelters; identifying additional shelters;
and managing shelters with a shortfall of resources. The SEOC
will coordinate through ESF #6 (Mass Care) any requests for
assistance from other ESFs that will be needed to support multi -
county, regional and interregional shelter operations.
a. The SERT Leader, following discussions with the GAR, ESF
6 (Mass Care) and the representatives of the impacted
counties, will provide information regarding the status of
evacuation orders and the potential for shelter needs on a
county, regional, inter- regional, and/or statewide basis.
All state assistance and support of sheltering will be
coordinated from the SEOC through ESF #6 (Mass Care),
under the direction and control of the SERT L, !ader.
Decisions on sheltering issues will be made after
coordination between appropriate State ESFs, impacted
counties and the SERT Leader.
10. Discussion of Relationship Between Primary and Support Agencies
in the ESFs:
a. An agency may be designated "the primary" for an ESF for
a number of reasons. The agency may have a statutory
responsibility to perform that function, or through its
programmatic or regulatory responsibilities, the agency may
have developed the necessary expertise to lead the ESF. In
some agencies, a portion of the agency's mission is very
similar to the mission of the ESF; therefore, the skills to
respond in a disaster can be immediately translated from the
daily business of that agency. Whatever the reason an
agency is designated as the " primary" agency, that agency
has the necessary contacts and expertise to coordinate the
activities of that support function. For a list of primary
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 64
j _ . . ,_
FIGURE 6 - PRIMARY AGENCY LISTING
ATE
ESF FUNCTION NAME PRIMARY AGENCY PRIMARYAGENCY
1 TRANSPORTATION
COMMUNICATIONS
I.R. Co. School Board Transportation Department
I.R. Co. Department of Emergency Services .
Emergency Management Division and Radiological
Preparedness Division
Department of Transportation
Department of
Management Services2
3 PUBLIC WORKS AND ENG.
FIREFIGHTING
I.R. Co. Public Works Department
I.R. Co. Department of Emergency Services •
Fire Services Division
Department of Transportation
DepanState menMarahalt of urance
4
INFORMATION AND PLANNING I.R. Co. Department of Emergency Services •
Emergency Management Divirlon
Department of Community Affairs
5
6 MASS CARE American Red Cross -
Indian River County Chapter
Department of Business and
Professional Regulation
7 RESOURCE SUPPORT
HEALTH AND MEDICAL
URBAN SEARCH AND RESCUE
I.R. Co. Department of Emergency Services -
Emergency Management Division
Department of
Management Services
8 I.R. Co. Public Health Unit
Services - I.R. Co. Department of
Fife Series Division I.R. CO. Seriff's Office
Department of Heahh
State
Fncy
ent of urance
irenMarshal9
HAZAflDOUS MATERIALS I.R. Co. Environmental Health Department of Environmental
Protection10
FOOD AND WATER American Red Cross .
Indian River County Chapter
Department of Agriculture and
Consumer Services11
ENERGY AND UTILITIES I.R. Co. Utilities Department Public Service Cr ,nmission -
Department of Community Affairs12
MILITARY SUPPORT
PUBLIC INFORMATION
Florida National Guard
I.R. Co. Department of Emergency Services -
Emergency Management Division
Department of Military Affairs
Department of Community Affairs
13
14
15 VOLUNTEERS AND DONATIONS I.R. Co. Department of Emergency Services •
Emergency Management Division
FloriServd
ic.
Commission on Community
16 LAW ENFORCEMENT AND SECURITY I.R. Co. Sheriff's Office Florida Department of Law
Enforcement
17 ANIMAL CARE I.R. Co. Department of Emergency Services -
Department
Animal Control Division/Humane Society
of Agriculture and
Consumer Services
18 SPECIAL NEEDS CARE I.R. Co. Department of Emergency Services •
Emergency Medical Services Division
Departmentf Health and
State EMS
19 EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES I.R. Co. Department of Emergency Services •
Emergency Medical Services Division
nd
RehabilDepartitative
Servicesent
of Health ,
State EMS
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 66
41
C. The primary agency for the ESF will be responsible for
obtaining all information relating to ESF activities and
requirements caused by the disaster and disaster response.
This information gathering will frequently require the lead
agency to step outside traditional information gathering
protocols.
The County will respond to local requests for assistance
through the ESF process. Within the EOC, requests for
assistance will be tasked to the ESF for completion. The
primary agency will be responsible for coordinating the
delivery of that assistance to the disaster area.
11. SERT Support Staff
a. Upon activation of the SEOC, the FDEM becomes the
support staff to the SERT. The SERT support staff is
charged with ensuring that SEOC procedures for information
management and decision making is timely and accurate.
12. Discussion of Mission Assignments
The SERT Leader, SCO, or Deputy SCO will issue mission
assignments to the primary state agency for the ESF based
on the local government's identified resource shortfall.
Resource taskings to the state agencies will be
accomplished through the ESFs on a mission assignment
basis. The "tasking on a mission assignment basis" means
that a local government resource shortfall will be addressed
through assigning a mission to address the shortfall rather
than tasking specific pieces of equipment or personnel.
b. The primary state agency for that ESF will be responsible
for identifying the particular resource or resources that will
accomplish the mission and coordinate the delivery of that
resource to the local government.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 67
40)
13. Discussion of Mutual Aid Agreements and Memoranda of
Understanding
a. Mutual aid agreements and memorandum of understandings
are an essential component of emergency management
planning, response and recovery activities. These
agreements for reciprocal emergency aid and assistance, in
case of emergencies, can increase resources and improve
response and recovery efforts.
b. Chapter 252, Florida Statues, authorizes FDEM to make
available any equipment, services, or facilities owned or
organized by the state or its political subdivisions for use in
the affected area, upon request by the Emergency
Management Director. The FDEM is authorized to reinforce
emergency management agencies in areas stricken by
emergencies.
C. The Statewide Mutual Aid Compact will have the
participating political subdivision communicate requests for
mutual aid through the FDEM; any responses from assisting
parties will be directed from and coordinated by the FDEM.
Municipalities will coordinate requests through the County
Division of Emergency Management. This will ensure t,iat
the County and State are aware of and coordinates all
resources that are mobilized.
DEM's coordination of mutual aid agreements is critical to
the direction and control of the overall response and
recovery efforts. Without DEM as the control point,
severely impacted political subdivisions may not receive the
type and amount of assistance needed if each political
subdivision independently requests and executes
agreements.
In accnrdance with Chapter 252, Florida Statutes, Florida
also has mutual aid agreements and memorandum of
understanding with other states and private organizations.
These agreements provide additional resources for FDEM to
have access to if needed.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 68
The SERT support staff will monitor and coordinate all
requests and executed agreements. Records will be
maintained of agreement participants to effectively
administer this activity.
14. Transition from EOC to the DFO EOC
A Presidential Disaster Declaration means that several
federal aid programs will be implemented. The
administration of the federal aid programs will be conducted
from a DFO that FEMA will establish in the disaster area.
The establishment of post -disaster aid programs is
described as the start of the recovery phase.
The "response phase" and "recovery phase" of the disaster
will, for a period of time, be occurring simultaneously. The
response phase" will be coordinated and conducted
through the ESFs located at the EOC. The "recovery
phase" will be coordinated and conducted at the EOG with
a transition to the DFO as appropriate.
E. NOTIFICATION AND WARNING
The Indian River County Department of Emergency Sel rices
operates a 24-hour emergency communications center, either at
the main office location during routine business hours, or at the
Sheriff's Office during off -hours. The Department may receive
initial warning of a disaster or pending disaster from the
Emergency Satellite Communications
System (ESATCOM),
National Weather Service, a Nuclear Power Plant, the SEDC,
municipal government, or the news media. If a determination that
a disaster or emergency has occurred or is imminent, the
emergency management staff will notify key personnel.
The primary communication system operative through the
Department prior to, during, or after an emergency is the State of
Florida's SUNCOM telephone network. SUNCOM is a commercial
carrier telephone service operated by the State.
The ESATCOM System is a back-up dedicated voice and data
system that links the office, through the State Warning Point, with
each County Warning Point, the National Weather Service,
National Hurricane Center, St. Lucie Nuclear Power Plant,
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 69
L
Emergency Alert System Control Stations, South Florida Water
Management District and the Department of Military Affairs.
When a determination has been made that inter -county resources
will be required, appropriate DEM personnel will notify the ESF
leaders from the required ESF. The ESF leaders will be responsible
for alerting or notifying necessary personnel within their respective
ESFs.
Approximately 1% of the general population is deaf and 8% are
hearing impaired. According to the most recent demographic
reports, there are approximately 2. 5 million deaf and 20 million
hearing-impaired persons residing in the United States. While it is
uncertain how many deaf or hearing-impaired residents are in
Indian River County, our office is prepared to handle these calls
through the use of a Telecommunications Device for the Deaf
TDD). A TDD is a machine that can be connected to the
telephone providing deaf and hard -of -hearing people with a way to
use a telephone without an interpreter. TDD users type their
messages on a standard typewriter keyboard which is read on a
display by the receiver using compatible equipment. The Indian
River County Department of Emergency Services' TDD telephone
number is published in the BellSouth Text Telephone [ irectory
annually. The County switchboard is also equipped with TDD
equipment, thus facilitating a transfer of a caller, if necessary.
Television stations also display information via trailers for the
hearing impaired.
In order to broaden our capabilities with speaking with the non-
english speaking communities of Indian River County, we
subscribe to AT&T Language Line. They are the world's largest
provider of 24-hour over -the -phone interpretation. In addition, we
have several local residents who have offered their interpreter
services. Either of these services would be available to non-
english speaking callers. Additionally, public service
announcements are also broadcast in Spanish.
3. Our office maintains a fax network for disseminating up-to-the-
minute weather warnings, or other warnings, to all local law
enforcement and governmental officials/organizations. We also
have a transmitting device called a Plectron. The receiver is
available for purchase. The transmitter sends audible messages
through the Emergency Management repeater.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 70
4. Cable TV interrupt service allows our office to interrupt currently
broadcasting television programs with current weather warnings,
or other warnings, pertaining to our immediate area.
5. Once the Emergency Operations Center is activated, the EOC will
be broadcasting live on the government access channel. These
channels can be found on AT&T Cable channel 13 in the south
county area, and Falcon Cable channel 35 in the north county
area.
6. Amateur radio communications nre provided by RACES/ARES
volunteers, using equipment within the EOC. More specific
information related to communications issues can be found in the
description for ESF #2 (Communications), located in Annex I -
Response Functions.
7. The primary EOC has auxiliary power provisions capable of
sustaining operations for five days. The secondary EOC has
auxiliary power provisions capable of sustaining operations for
three days.
8. The Emergency Management Director, and his staff, will notify key
officials and emergency related organizations of any signifi ant
emergency events that may promulgate the opening of the EOC.
The Emergency Management Director, and/or his designee, has the
authority to activate the public warning system at any time an
emergency event threatens persons or property.
10. Predetermined evacuation areas include the barrier island, low-lying
areas, mobile/manufactured homes, sub -standard housing, RV
parks and marinas. Initial notification will be through media
resources and may be augmented by the use of bull horn
announcements and door-to-door visits by public safety officers.
11. The County FOC will communicate with the SEDC on all
activations, warnings and SITREPS by means of either ESATCOM,
commercial telephone or radio frequency links.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 71
Response Actions
1. General
a. Activation of County Plan If a disaster threatens prior to the
Governor's decision to issue an Executive Order or
Proclamation of a State of Emergency, the Emergency
Management Director, or his designee, may activate this
plan; this may be followed by a declaration of a local State
of Emergency as outlined in County Ordinance 91-18. In
this situation, the DEM will coordinate any emergency
response actions that may be necessary for the immediate
protection of life and property.
When an emergency or disaster has occurred or is
imminent, the Governor may issue an Executive Order or
Proclamation of a State of Emergency, activating the
emergency response, recovery and mitigation aspects of
state, local and inter -jurisdictional disaster plans that apply
to the affected area. Such orders or proclamations are
needed for the deployment and use of state personnel,
supplies, equipment, materials and/or facilities that are
available.
b. Activation of EOC The EOC will be activated by the
Emergency Management Director upon determination of a
significant and immediate threat to life and property.
C. School Closing The Emergency Management Director, or
his designee, will establish direct communication with the
Indian River County School District Superintendent.
Together they will make the decision of when to close and
re -open schools. The official announcement will be made
by the Superintendent of Schools.
Request for Federal and State Assistance When disaster
effects become such that the resources of Indian River
County and/or its municipalities are inadequate to fulfill the
needs of the citizens, then aid and assistance may be
requested from the State of Florida and the Federal
Government. Such requests for State and Federal
assistance will be made through the Indian River County
Emergency Management Division to the Florida Division of
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 72
40
e
Emergency Management. Assistance required may be in
the form of information, technical expertise or substantial
financial, material or resource needs. A Declaration of State
of Local Emergency is a prerequisite to receive State and
Federal disaster assistance. A diagram depicting the
declaration process is attached to this document and
identified as Figure 7.
When the County is under a warning or threatened by an
impending disaster, emergency workers will be relieved in
shifts to prepare their families and property. While no
special provisions have been made for the safety and
welfare of families of emergency workers, they have been
encouraged to develop their own family disaster plan.
The Emergency Management Director, or his designee, is
responsible for establishing a liaison with the state response
and recovery agencies and teams. ESFs will interface with
State RIAT and RRTs to assist in the impact assessment
and rescue/recovery operations.
See Annex II - Recovery
and Mitigation Actions, for more information.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 73
i
C FIGURE 7
DECLA RA TION PROCESS
Incident
Local Response
r..
State Involvement
r.
i
Joint FEMA/State/Local PDA
r..
Governor's Request
J-..
FEMA Regional Office Assessment
r..
FEMA Headquarters' Recommendation to the White House
r..
President's Decision
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 74
2. Evacuation
a. CLEARANCE TIMES (in hours) FOR INDIAN RIVER
COUNTY. Established by the 1994 Treasure Coast
Hurricane Evacuation Study:
STORM SCENARIO SUMMER LATE FALL
SEASON SEASON
Category 1-2 Hurricane:
5.50 hours 6.00 hoursRapidResponse
Medium Response 6.50 hours 7.00 hours
Long Response 9.50 hours 9.50 hours
Category 3-5 Hurricane:
8.25 hours 8.75 hoursRapidResponse
Medium Response 9.00 hours 9.50 hours
Long Response 10.00 hours 10.50 hours
b. As part of the public information program, evacuation
information and routes are published annually in the local
telephone directory, as well as in an annual supplement to
the local newspapers, the Press Journal and the Florida
Today. Evacuation information is attached to this document
and identified as Figure 8.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 75
w1D
40
1 Figure 8
m
0 Highlands Elementary
1110 18thAve, S.W.
JA * Thompson Elementary
Glendale EWmd.,y
4040 Eighth St.
Vwo Beach High School
1707 16th SL
Freshmen Learning Cwlw
OSID Middle
480 201h Ave— SW
Giffoid Middle School
2726 4fAh SL
Prilican let" Elementary
1355 Schu" rin Drive
Siabaslian Elementary
M400
C-nty Road 612
Sek..fi.n River Middle
Sc hool, 9400 CA. W
Special Needs Shelter
H; School. C.R.510
1 1400 AM
li,,cslions before emergency
Inlet
ridge
RIIIER
i Jackson
the web... Bridgesh.1 utie
10.
Indian It k ,
04
verfliver Gulf of
Waba—
causaww
city linnit. I. Riorns, Drive.
an., U4,11, tM Mwnl Barter Gifford Ocean
Bridge w State Road So 1.
Routat
AREA 3 RESIDENTS
Riomar Drive to the south Indian
War
Rivet Cocinly lins, shalt the St.
Beach
171h 6 Bridge to reach the
VE—
Peoplat residing in Area 1, hom
Composite
ridge
RIIIER
Indian River Shcares city limits,
the web... Bridgesh.1 utie
the mainla nd.
P;;;;R AREA 2 RESIDENTS J:
People residing in Area 2, ftom
Atlanticcitylinnit. I. Riorns, Drive.
an., U4,11, tM Mwnl Barter Gifford Ocean
Bridge w State Road So 1.
AREA 3 RESIDENTS
Riomar Drive to the south Indian Barber
Rivet Cocinly lins, shalt the St. Bridge
I171h6Bridgetoreach the
VE—
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 76
ridge
Oslo
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 76
40
40
in July of 1989, the Indian River County Department of
Emergency Services formed a committee to address people
within Indian River County with Special Medical Needs.
Since then, the goal of the Special Need's Shelter Program
is to provide a safe place for persons requiring medical
assistance to temporarily shelter during an evacuation from
either a man-made or natural disaster, rather than
inundating local hospitals with a large number of people that
a specially equipped and staffed shelter could adequately
handle.
Regular public shelters available under emergency conditions
will accept anyone who is self-sufficient, and who needs no
outside professional assistance in performing activities of
daily living. Individuals not meeting the above criteria will
either be referred to the special need's shelter or referred to
an appropriate health care facility. The regular public
shelters will have nursing personnel and volunteers to assist
evacuees from the time of arrival at the shelter. Individuals
with decreased mobility without medical problems will be
provided for in a regular shelter.
Registration for evacuation assistance will be provided for
anyone who requires assistance with evacuation during an
emergency to either a regular public shelter or to the Special
Need's Shelter. Individuals needing transportation need to
register with the special need's program prior to the
hurricane season.
Special Need's registrants have been separated and
categorized to the level of assistance required. This includes
evacuees requiring space in shelter only, transportation and
space in shelter only, space in the special need's shelter
only; transportation and space in the special need's shelter
only Lind transportation to a local hospital only (if pre -
admitted).
The focus of the Special Need's Shelter is the medical
support and care of persons who require special care during
an evacuation at a shelter, such as:
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 77
s
People with minor health/medical conditions
that require observation, assessment and
maintenance;
Elderly people dependent on others for daily
assistance;
People with chronic conditions who require
assistance with activities of daily living;
People with the frequent need for medications
and/or vital sign readings, who are unable to
do so without regular assistance;
Individuals who need a life-support system
requiring electricity;
Individuals with restricted mobility in need of
medical assistance.
As with any shelter, individuals who plan on utilizing the
Special Need's facility must provide their own bedding,
medications and supplies to the best of their ibility.
Supplies would include oxygen equipment, linens, pillows,
blankets, chairs, medical supplies, medications, and any
other personal items to make the stay as comfortable as
possible. Drinking water and any non-perishable food items
are also encouraged. Any special dietary foods required by
a special care evacuee will be his/her responsibility.
Assistance from the parking area into the Special Need's
Shelter will be available.
I+cems such as emergency oxygen equipment, first aid
vupplies, and advanced life support medications and
equipment will be provided by the Division of Emergency
Mediral Services.
The location of the Special Need's Shelter in Indian River
County is the Sebastian River High School, 9001 90th
Avenue, Sebastian. The facility, recently built, is designed
for the handicapped, and has an adequate space capacity
for the special need's citizens of our county.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 78
40
Registration is required to allow entrance into the Special
Need's Shelter. There are some limitations; specifically,
those patients with high-risk pregnancy (within four weeks
of delivery), unstable medical conditions, and citizens living
in adult living facilities or nursing homes. Adult living
facilities and nursing homes are mandated by the state to
have alternate emergency evacuation plans in place for their
residents.
There are approximately seventy mobile home/recreational
vehicle parks located within Indian River County. This
figure equates to 6,699 dwellings, or a population of
approximately 15,000 (15% of the total population). To
ensure the safety and well being of mobile home residents
during hurricane conditions, these communities would be
amongst the first to be issued an evacuation order. A
roster indicating the location and number of residents for
each mobile home/RV park is attached to this document and
identified as Figure 9. This list will be updated as needed.
e. Approximately 10% of the Indian River County population
are boat owners. A lack of hurricane experience has
created a dilemma for boaters and the marine commun,ty.
About 25% of hurricane fatalities result from boaters trying
to secure vessels in deteriorating storm conditions. There
are approximately six commercial marinas within Indian
River County with an approximate marine craft capacity of
400. Indian River County and the Florida Inland Navigation
District, in cooperation with both public and private marine
agencies, have developed a publication entitled Hurricane
Manual for Marine Interests in Indian River County. This
manual was developed to provide boaters and marina
operators with updated and reliable information to help
guide their actions and is distributed through our public
presentations as well as being available at the Emergency
Management office. A chart identifying marina locations and
their marine craft capacity is attached to this document and
identified as Figure 10. This chart will be updated as
needed.
f. There are three bridges in Indian River County, identified in
Section it -13, that connect the barrier island to the mainland,
neither of which are of the draw nor swing variety.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 79
40
C
Figure 9
MOBILE HOME & RV PARKS
Indian River County, Florida
March 1997)
PARK/CAMP NAME & LOCATION MOBILE HOME
SPACES
RV SPACES I TOTAL
SPACES
Aspen Whispering Palms Mobile 328 257 585
10305 U.S. #1
Sebastian, FL 32958
Aspen Enterprises, Ltd.
Citrus Park Village Mobile Home 75 0 75
Vero Beach Airport
Vero Beach, FL 32961
City of Vero Beach
Coachland Court 34 0 34
365 27th Avenue, S.W.
Vero Beach, FL 32962
Win -Gray, Inc,
Connecticut Mobile Park 8 12 20
8085 U.S. #1 North
Wabasso, FL 32967
Edward Strnad
Countryside North
644 0 644
8775 20th Street
Vero Beach, FL 32966
Ellenburg Capital Corp.
Countryside South 287 0 287
1405 82nd Avenue
Vero Beach, FL 32966
J. H. Chastain & J. Heagerty
Donald McDonald Park 2 28 30
12315 Roseland Road
Roseland, FL 32957
Indian River County
in Mobile Home Park 8 0ceandU.S. #1FFL32958
oConstance Gates
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 80
C--]
C1
PARK/CAMP NAME &
LOCATION MOBILE HOME
SPACES
RV SPACES I TOTAL
SPACES
EI Capitan Mobile Home Park 39 5 44
12939 Indian River Drive
Sebastian, FL 32958
Potter Enterprises
Fairlane Harbor Mobile Home Estates 232 0 232
1500 S. Indian River Boulevard
Vero Beach, FL 32960
Frank Stawara
Fellsmere Trailer Park 18 2 20
126 Myrtle Street
Fellsmere, FL 32948
Frank Clavelin
Fischers Corner Trailer Park 5 0 5
10785 U.S. #1
Sebastian, FL 32958
Henry A. Fischer, DDS
Heritage Village Mobile Home Park 436 0 436
1101 Ranch Road
Vero Beach, FL 32966
American Retirement Community
Heron Cay 601 O 601
1400 90th Avenue
Vero Beach, FL 32966
Heron Cay Corp.
High Ridge Mobile Park 71 0 71
4910 33rd Avenue
Vero Beach, FL 32960
Wellford E. Hardee
Hilltop Mobile Court 7 0 6
8550 58th Avenue
Wabasso, FL 32970
Inez E. Sledge
Hobo Park 6 0 6
500 1st Street
Vero Beach, FL 32.962
Ed Fearn
Holiday Village Mobile Home Park 128 1 128
1000 S.W. 27th Avenue
Vero Beach, FL 32968
Ellenburg Capital Corp.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 81
all
A
IIPARK/CAMP NAME & LOCATION MOBILE HOME RV SPACES TOTAL
SPACES SPACES
Industrial Trailer Park 11 0 22
5085 45th Street
Vero Beach, FL 32967
J.Johnson
Karr's Riverland Mobile Home Park 8 0 8
13395 N. Indian River Drive
Sebastian, FL 32958
John Karr
Kentucky Kolonel Kottages 6 2 8
13320 Indian River Drive
Sebastian, FL 32958
Joseph and Nancy Szojka
Kittys Trailer Park 12 0 12
8420 Old Dixie Highway
Wabasso, FL 32967
N.P.N.S., Inc.
Lakewood Village
376 0 376
1455 90th Avenue
Vero Beach, FL 32966
Clayton, Williams & Sherwood
Maggie Runyon Trailer Park 16 0 16
506 1st Street
Vero Beach, FL 32962
Maggie Runyon
Midway Estates Mobile Home Park 204 0 204
1950 South U.S. 1
Vero Beach, FL 32962
Rocf, Inc.
New Horizons 85 0 85
100 Vickers Road
Sebastian, FL 32958
Horizons -Sebastian, Inc.
Orchard Park Mobile Park 7 1 8
8050 N. U.S. 1 North
Vero Beach, FL 32967
June Gaudot
Palm Lake of Sebastian, Inc. 136 0 136
30 Treasure Circle
Sebastian, FL 32958
Coastal Home Trading Corp.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 82
40
PARKICAMP NAME & LOCATION MOBILE HOME RV SPACES TOTAL
SPACES SPACES
Palm Paradise Park 43 20 63
7945 N. U.S. 1
Vero Beach, FL 32967
Ed Valentine
Palm Villa Mobile Home Park 24 8 32
2255 26th Street
Vero Beach, FL 32960
John H. Pierson
Palmer Trailer Park 25 0 25
11330 Indian River Drive
Sebastian, FL 32958
Palmer Trust
Park Place Mobile Home Park 211 0 211
1000 Stratton Avenue
Sebastian, FL 32958
Park Place, LTD
Parks Mobile Court
2 18 20
1101 U.S. 1
Sebastian, FL 32958
1st Union National Bank, Trustee
Pickerill Park 8 0 8
1420 Pickerill Lane
Vero Beach, FL 32960
John M. Pickerill
Ranchland Mobile Home Park 108 0 108
2055 82nd Avenue
Vero Beach, FL 32966
Ellenburg Capital Corp.
Riverview Trailer Park, Inc. 18 0 18
1026 Indian River Drive
Sebastian, FL 32958
Roland Foster
Ron's Island Court, Inc. 9 1 10
87th Street & 55th Avenue
Wabasso, FL 32958
Ronald F. Gaudet
Royal Trailer Park 15 0 15
13825 97th Street
Fellsmere, FL 32948
Harold & Bea Royal
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 83
40
C
PARKICAMP NAME & LOCATIONMOBILE HOME
SPACES
RV SPACES TOTAL
SPACES
Safari Pines 45 0 45
4600 26th Street
Vero Beach, FL 32961
Dodgertown, Inc.
Sago Palm Mobile Home Park 10 1 11
9687 U.S. 1
Sebastian, FL 32958
John Sexeny
Sebastian Inlet State Recreation 0 51 51
9700 South A1A
Melbourne Beach, FL 32951
Florida Dept. of Environmental
Protection
Sebastian Trailer Park 27 0 27
516 Indian River Drive
Sebastian, FL 32958
Good Guys, Inc.
Shady Rest Mobile Home Park 117 0 117
13225 U.S. #1
Sebastian, FL 32958
C & G Investments II'
ISilverwood13013
5460 45th Street
Vero Beach, FL 32960
Earl Squires
Southgate Village 109 0 109
750 12th Street
Vero Beach, FL 32960
Ruth E. Wold & Jeanne F. Borge
Squire Village Mobile Home Park 29 0 29
1275 27th Avenue, S.W.
Vero Beach, FL 32968
Richard Tallman
Su -Rana Mobile Home park 79 0 79
810 8th Street
Vero Beach, FL 32962
Irene Donatelli
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 84
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PARK/CAMP NAME & LOCATION MOBILE HOME
SPACES
RV SPACES I TOTAL
SPACES
Sunset Mobile Home Park 16 0 16
9885 U.S. 1
Sebastian, FL 32958
Sunset Mobile Home Park, Inc.
Sunshine Travel Park 0 300 300
9455 108th Avenue
Sebastian, FL 32978
William Chase
Tanglewood Village Mobile Home 110 18 128
1060 U.S. 1 S.W.
Vero Beach, FL 32962
T V Park Ltd.
The Cottages 8 1 9
9707 U.S. 1
Wabasso, FL 32967
Robert A. Gates
Tom Sawyers Gardens 13 0 13
9230 U.S. Highway #1
Wabasso, FL 32970
Louise Miller
Tranquil Hall Court 8 0 8
4560 54th Drive
Vero Beach, FL 32967
Faustine Hall
Vero Beach KOA 7 120 127
8850 N. U.W. #1
Wabasso, FL 32970
Vero Beach Kamp
Vero Mobile Home Park 47 7 54
1228 24th Street
Vero Beach, FL 32960
Billie Biggers
Village Green 780 0 780
7300 20th Street
Vero Beach, FL 32966
Pmra/Cws Mobile Home Partners
Vining Mobile Home Park 13 0 13
11325 S. Old Dixie Highway
Sebastian, FL 32958
Joseph Vining
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 85
qD
PARK/CAMP NAME &
LOCATION MOBILE HOME RV SPACES TOTAL
SPACES SPACES
Wabasso Mobile Home Park 37 0 37
8125 N. U.S. !t1
Wabasso, FL 32967
Wabasso Land Corp. & Blake Fla.
Wilkerson Mobile Home Park 8 0 8
BB55 50th Avenue
Wabasso, FL 32958
Marion Stough
Winter Beach Mobile Park 6 0 8
6600 U.S. #1 North
Winter Beach, FL 32967
Don Quenzer & Pat Davis
Woodlawn Manor Mobile Home Park 94 2 96
555 4th Street
Vero Beach, FL 32967
Win -Gray Enc. Inc.
Youngs Trailer Park 14 0 14
5125 45th Street
Vero Beach, FL 32967
P T & F, Inc.
rvw a iv. County 5 845 854 6,699
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan t3asic rage 00
e
Figure 10
MARINAS
Indian River County, Florida
March 1997)
MARINA NAME & LOCATION MARINE CRAFT
CAPACITY
Captain Hiram's 52
Sebastian Inlet Marina & Trading Co.
1606 Indian River Drive
Sebastian, FL 32958
Martin Carter, Dockmaster
561-388-6169
Complete Yacht 14
3599 E. Indian River Drive
Vero Beach, FL 32963
Eddie Costa, Dockmaster
561- 231-2111
Richard Fey & Sons 42
806 Indian River Drive
Sebastian, FL 32958
Jody Fey, Dockmaster
561-589-2628
Grand Harbor Marina 144
5510 N. Harbor Village Drive
Vero Beach, FL 32968
Sam Smith, Director
561-770.4470
May's Marina 25
1732 Indian River Drive
Sebastian, FL 32958
Robert Flood, Dockmaster
561-589-2552
Micco Marina 50
4015 Main Street
Sebastian, FI 32958
William Skog, Owner/Mgr.
561-664-8300
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 87
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O
MARINA NAME & LOCATION MARINE CRAFT
CAPACITY
Miner's Marina, Inc.
200
dry storage in barn) 8685 U.S. Highway 1
Micco, FL 32976
John Cristifori, Manager
561-664.8500
Riomar Bay Yacht Club
41
2345 Highway AIA
Vero Beach, FL 32963
Steve Leonard, Dockmaster
561. 231.4976
Sea Oaks Yacht Club
48
1235 Winding Oaks Circle
Vero Beach, FL 32963
Kristen Thompson, Manager
561- 231-9828
Sebastian Offshore Marine, Inc. 20
1532 N. Indian River Drive
Sebastian, FL 32958
Dave Dabrowski, Dockmaster
561-589.8465
Sebastian River Marina & Boat Yard 10
8525 Highway 1
Sebastian, FL 32958
Doug Hillman, Owner
561-664-3029
Sembler Marina Partners, Ltd. 110
1660 Indian Drive
Sebastian, FL 32958
Nancy Tarsitano, Dockmaster
561-589.4843
Sportsman's Lodge
10
412 Indian River Drive
Sebastian, FL 32958
Phil Branham, Owner
561-589-2020
Vero Reach Municipal Marina 75 slips/
3611 Rio Vista Boulevard 42 moorings
Vero Beach, FL 32963
Bill Eastman, Dockmaster
561- 231-2819
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan nasic rage o0
771
r:7
MARINA NAME & LOCATION MARINE CRAFT
CAPACITY
Vero Marine Cantor
49
12 Royal Palm Boulevard
Vero Beach, FL 92960
Bruce McIntyre, Dockmaster
561-562-7922
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 89
g. The decision to re-enter evacuation areas will be based on
a review of the information collected by the impact
assessment teams and other organizations with damage
assessment responsibilities to determine that conditions
within the affected areas are safe for public access.
The number one response priority for re-entry will be
mobilization and dispatch of search and rescue, as well as
damage assessment teams into the impacted areas to
search for survivors and provide assessments of the
damage. These operations will be the first response
elements programmed for re-entry and they will consist of
representatives from law enforcement, fire, EMS,
emergency management, public works, utility providers,
property appraisers, building officials, American Red Cross,
etc.
Re-entry by the general public will be approved by the
Emergency Management Director and will be relayed to the
public through ESF #14 (Public Information).
3. Sheltering
In the event of an evacuation, assistance will be coordinated from
the EOC. There are twelve designated primary shelters (including
the Special Need's Shelter) located within Indian River County,
none of which are located in designated storm surge areas. A list
of the American Red Cross primary shelters is attached to this
document and identified as Figure 11.
The " Refuge of Last Resort" concept is currently not an approved
nor condoned concept within Indian River County. Residents are
expected to evacuate from the barrier islands, low-lying areas,
sub -standard housing and mobile homes/RVs. However, once
winds reach a sustained tropical force wind speed of 40 mph, all
residents will be. urged to get off of the roads and seek shelter in
the nearest substantial building in a room without windows and
structural reinforcement. Guidance on selecting safe rooms and
taking precautionary measures are provided in public information
materials.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 90
L
The following initial actions will take place relative to sheltering:
a. Notification to the SWP;
b. Coordination of sheltering (i.e., communications, nursing,
sanitation, food and security);
C. Coordination of the activation and provision of mutual aid;
d. Coordination with the SEDC for the opening of host shelters
in areas not anticipated being in harm's way; and
e. Coordination of the provision of additional resources (i.e.,
communications equipment and operators, nursing staff,
administrative shelter and other support staff).
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 91
410
FIGURE 11
AMERICAN RED CROSS
PRIMARY SHELTERS
Fellsmere Elementary School
50 North Cypress Street
Fellsmere, Florida 32948
Sebastian Elementary School
400 County Road 512
Sebastian, Florida 32958
Glendale Elementary School
4940 8th Street
Vero Beach, Florida 32960
Sebastian Rvr Mid. Jr. Hi. School
9400 County Road 512
Sebastian, Florida 32958
J.A. Thompson Elementary School
1110 18th Avenue, S.W.
Vero Beach, Florida 32962
Oslo Middle School
480 20th Avenue SW
Vero Beach, Florida 32962
V.B.H.S. Freshman Learning Center
1507 19th Street
Vero Beach, Florida 32960
Gifford Middle Seven School
2726 45th Street
Gifford, Florida 32967
Highland Elementary School
500 20th Street
Vero Beach, Florida 32962
Pelican Island Elementary Schoo
1355 Schumann Drive
Sebastian, Florida 32958
Vero Beach Senior High School
1707 16th Street
Vero Beach, Florida 32960
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 92
41D
i
G. Recovery Actions
The Recovery Phase will begin during the response phase and may
encompass these general areas:
Damage assessment of the residential, government and business sectors
for the purpose of administration of programs to restore them to their
pre -disaster level of functioning; and
Administration of programs to mitigate the consequences of future
disasters.
1. Initial Actions
a. Monitor the disaster event and analyze available information
regarding disaster conditions;
b. Identify locations for the DFO and DRCs;
C. Assemble and brief recovery staff;
d. Place recovery support personnel on stand-by status, as
necessary. Brief personnel on disaster conditions and
potential for deployment; and
e. Establish liaison with recovery staff in municipal EOCs.
2. Continuing Actions
a. Maintain coordination with the state recovery staff;
b. Establish and support the DFO as necessary;
C. Maintain liaison with the SEOC and municipal EOCs to
monitor disaster conditions; and
d. Coordinate federal and state disaster assistance programs
and make recommendations to the SCO regarding continued
staffing.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 93
s
IV. RESPONSIBILITIES
A. General
All County departments, constitutional officers, municipalities, and
volunteer agencies are responsible for the following general items:
Develop the necessary functional annexes, appendices, standard
operating procedures (SOPS) and checklists for the effective,
efficient organization and performance of functions required to
respond to and recover from an emergency or disaster event.
2. Designate and train essential personnel for specific assignments in
the conduct of emergency operations. Provide instructions to
personnel regarding agency staffing policy during an emergency or
disaster event.
3. Protect and secure facilities, property and equipment under their
control.
4. Maintain accurate records of emergency related expenditures (such
as personnel, supplies, and equipment costs).
5. Provide staff, supplies and equipment (as required and available)
in support of emergency response and recovery operations.
Expedite required activities for return to normal conditions as soon
as possible.
Preservation of Vital Records/Documents:
All County departments, constitutional officers, municipalities, and
volunteer agencies of Indian River County must insure the
protection of their records and should develop a disaster plan for
vital records.
Damage to vital records/data ( paper, computer hard drives,
microfilm, etc.) is most often caused by fire, water, wind, and
power interruption or surges.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 94
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i
Vital records' disaster preparedness plans should include:
a. Identification and documentation of the location of critical
information.
b. Standard backup procedures (duplicate copies; off-site
storage, etc.).
C. Prearranged resources (personnel) to assist in the
resumption of data entry/retrieval.
d. Prearranged resources to assist in recovery of damaged
data/records.
B. Indian River County
The Emergency Management Director is responsible for:
1. Ensuring that the Division of Emergency Management provides the
necessary revisions to this plan and that the plan is prepared,
coordinated, published and distributed to the appropriate agencies.
2. Active leadership of an emergency management frame%n ork
involving all government, private, and volunteer organizations
which have a role in the success of comprehensive emergency
management within the County.
3. Development and leadership of a broad-based public awareness,
education, and information program designed to reach a majority
of the citizens of the County, including citizens needing special
media formats, such as TDD or non-English languages.
4. Active participation in discussions and negotiations with the state
regarding policies and priorities to ensure that the work being done
contributes to the improvement of emergency capabilities for the
County.
5. Responsible execution of negotiated sccpes of work for federal
and state emergency management programs.
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6. Support of the emergency management needs of all municipalities
within borders, and brokering of intra -county mutual aid
agreements to render emergency assistance. When local requests
for assistance exceed county resources, the County emergency
management office will coordinate all efforts with the state and
federal government in support of local disaster operations.
7. Establishment and monitoring of County mutual aid agreements
within the County, with other counties and with the state.
8. Direction and control of a County response and recovery approach
which is based on functional groups, involves broad participation
from county organizations, and is compatible with the state and
federal response and recovery organization and concept of
operations.
9. Leadership and participation in programs or initiatives designed to
avoid, reduce, and mitigate the effects of hazards through
development and enforcement of policies, standards, and
regulations.
10. Compliance of each ESF lead agency to be involved with the
planning, response, recovery and mitigation of local emerges.cies.
For specific details of their responsibilities see Annex I - Response
Functions.
11. Coordinating how emergency response personnel will be tasked to
deal with emergencies or disasters in Indian River County. At any
such time that Ciis Plan is activated (local emergency, minor,
major or catastrophic disaster), the Emergency Management
Director will be responsible for direction and control under the
ultimate -authority of the Indian River County Board of County
Commisr;ioners. For greater detail, see the EOC SOP attached to
this document and identified as Appendix D.
C. Special Districts
Special districts are responsible for establishing liaisons with counties and
with other state organizations to support emergency management
capabilities within Florida. Special districts that involve inter -jurisdictional
authority can provide resources and services to support other functionally
related systems in time of disaster.
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D. State of Florida
The Government of the State of Florida is responsible for:
1. Active leadership of an emergency management framework at the
state level involving all government, private and volunteer
organizations which have a role in the success of comprehensive
emergency management within Florida.
Development and leadership of a broad-based public awareness,
education and information progral designed to reach a majority of
the citizens of Florida, including citizens needing special media
formats, such as braille or non-English languages.
Active participation in discussions and negotiations with other
states and with the federal government regarding policies and
priorities to ensure that the work being done contributes to the
improvement of emergency capabilities for the nation.
4. Responsible execution of negotiated scopes of work for federal
and state emergency management programs.
5. Support of the emergency management needs of all counties
within Florida, and brokering of inter -county and inter -state mutual
aid agreements to render emergency assistance. When requests
for assistance exceed state resources, the state will contact other
states for assistance, as well as FEMA.
6. Establishment and monitoring of state mutual aid agreements
within the state, with other states and with FEMA.
7. Direction and control of a state response and recovery approach
which is based on functional support groups, involves broad
participation from state organizations, and is compatible with the
federal response and recovery organization and concept of
operations.
8. Leadership and participation in programs or initiatives designed to
avoid, reduce and mitigate the effects of hazards through
development and enforcement of policies, standards and
regulations.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 97
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E. Federal Government
The federal government is responsible for:
1. Providing immediate emergency response on federally -owned or
controlled property, such as military installations and federal
prisons, and notification of the Florida DEM.
2. Providing assistance, as requested by the State of Florida, under
the lead agency's direction of FEMA, as specified in the Robert T.
Stafford Act, Public Law 93-280.
Identifying and coordinating assistance under other federal
statutory authorities.
V. FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT POLICY
It is the intent of this policy to provide guidance for basic financial management
to all departments and agencies responding under the provisions of the plan, to
ensure that funds are provided expeditiously and that financial operations are
conducted in accordance with appropriate policies, regulations and standards.
A. Assumptions
Due to the nature of most emergency situations, finance
operations will often be carried out within compressed time frames
and other pressures, necessitating the use of non -routine
procedures; this in no way lessens the requirement for sound
financial management and accountability.
2. A Presidential disaster or emergency declaration will permit
funding from the Federal Disaster Relief Fund under the provisions
of the Stafford Act in addition to the financial resources initiated
at the state and local levels.
3. The Federal Office of Management and Budget (OMB) and
Congress will give rapid approval to a FEMA -prepared emergency
budget request at a level sufficient to sustain a response operation
for at least three weeks, with the opportunity to extend same if
the situation warrants.
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B. Expenditure of Funds
Timely financial support of any extensive response activity could be
crucial to saving lives and property. While innovative and expeditious
means of procurement are called for during times of emergencies, it is
still mandatory that good accounting principles and practices be
employed in order to safeguard the use of public funds from the potential
of fraud, waste and/or abuse.
1. A meeting will be conducted annually to familiarize each county
and municipal official subject to preparing and maintaining disaster
related financial reports.
2. In concert with federal and state guidelines, approval for
expenditure of funds for response operations (facilities, equipment,
supplies, services and other resources) will be given by officials of
the primary and support agencies with concurrence with the
Emergency Management Director. Each agency is responsible for
establishing effective administrative controls of funds and
segregation of duties for proper internal controls, and to ensure
that actions taken and costs incurred are consistent with the
missions identified in this plan.
Extreme care and attention to detail must be taken throughout the
emergency response period to maintain logs, formal records, and
file copies of all expenditures (including personnel time sheets) in
order to provide clear and reasonable accountability and
justification for future reimbursement requests. Reimbursement is
NOT an automatic "given," so as much deliberative prudence as
time and circumstances allow should be used.
Complete and accurate accounts of all emergency expenditures
and obligations, including personnel and equipment costs, must be
maintained. Despite the difficulty in maintaining such records in
the stress of an emergency, accurate accounts are required to
identify and document those funds which might be eligible for
federal reimbursement under emergency or major disaster project
applications and/or those funds for which no reimbursement will
be requested. Each emergency event is unique. Therefore, the
Emergency Management Director, and/or his designee will
establish deadlines for data submission related to financial
reimbursement.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 99
It is the responsibility of the elected Board of County
Commissioners to secure the public's safety. The Board of County
Commissioners will appropriate all funds considered by the Board
as necessary for mitigation, preparedness, response to and
recovery from disasters.
4. All records relating to the allocation and disbursement of funds
pertaining to activities and elements covered in this plan must be
maintained, as applicable, in compliance with:
The Code of Federal Register - Title 44 Emergency
Management and Assistance (CFR 44); relevant Circulars
and Federal Statutes, in a manner consistent with provisions
of the Federal Stafford Act
Chapter 215, Florida Statutes, pertaining to state financial
matters and Chapter 252, Florida Statutes, relating
specifically to emergency management powers and
responsibilities; and
The policies and directives detailed in the County CEMP ESF
7 (Resource Support) Guidelines.
VI. TRAINING, EXERCISE AND PUBLIC AWARENESS/EDUCATION
For any Emergency Management program to be successful, training of
individuals at all levels of government for their respective roles in the four
phases of emergency managemcnt must be considered a high priority. This is
especially important because of the relatively new concept of operations in the
FRP. The ESF operational concept requires coordination at the federal, state
and local levels of government to ensure that everyone involved in emergency
activities is aware of their responsibilities when a disaster threatens or occurs.
Also, it is important that each agency is knowledgeable of what other agencies
can and cannot do under disaster conditions. To accomplish the goal of
developing a well-trained cadre of responders around the state, the following
strategic planning statements are offered:
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 100
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A. Trainina and Exercise
The Emergency Management Director will assign lin most cases either
the Emergency Management Coordinator or Radiological Analyst) the
individual responsible for establishing and monitoring all Emergency
Management training programs and exercises for which the county is
responsible. The person assigned this task, in consultation with the
Emergency Management Director, will establish and maintain an exercise
schedule in a manner required by the Florida Division of Emergency
Management. All appropriate county and municipal agency personnel will
be trained in the implementation of RRT and RIAT SOP's, to include
guidance for the completion and disposition of financial reports.
Emergency Management training will include that required to keep all
levels of local government at an acceptable level of readiness to respond
to any disaster identified in the hazard vulnerable analysis contained
within this Basic Plan. The training program will include appropriate
officials of each municipality and all volunteers and volunteer agencies
assigned responsibilities in the Comprehensive Emergency Management
Plan.
The Emergency Management Coordinator will keep abreast of a-ld
request training from the state on all matters that relate to state and
federal programs that would enhance the preparedness of Indian River
County.
The Emergency Management staff will remain current with the highest
training credentials possible. They will cooperate with and assist other
county and municipal agencies in the conduct of exercises.
B. Exercise
A viable exercise lorogram is an essential component of any effort to fully
train emergency personnel for their duties and responsibilities when a
disaster occurs. It is crucial that those individuals who are charged with
responding to emergencies are required to "experience" a disaster under
as realistic conditions as possible before any actual event. The purpose
of exercising is to improve the preparedness posture of the
organization(s) involved. This will result in the reduction of loss of life
and property when a disaster occurs. In addition to county and municipal
agencies, other agencies assigned responsibilities for the implementation
of the CEMP will be invited and requested to participate in exercises.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 101
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Indian River County will participate in all exercises requested by FDEM
that are statewide or regional and involve inter -agency participation.
In the conduct of exercises, Indian River County is in the process of
expanding its automated capability. At the conclusion of each exercise,
a critique will be conducted to further refine the CEMP.
C. Public Awareness and Education
In order to better educate and inform the public of protective actions
before a disaster occurs, public information is critical for saving lives and
minimizing property damage. Certain responsibilities exist for public
information when Emergency Management plans are implemented. Public
actions may depend upon public information during the period before a
disaster is imminent, in an actual or threatening emergency situation, and
in the post -emergency recovery period.
Pre -disaster education programs serve to increase awareness of
Emergency Management programs, educate the public on ways to
protect life and property, and inform the public on the availability of
further assistance and information.
1. The County Commission Chambers has been identifies, as the
location for the mass media to gather. Regularly scheduled press
conferences will be identified during an event.
2. The following radio and television stations have agreed to
disseminate emergency information and participate in the local
public emergency notification system in accordance with the
Region 10 Emergency Alert System (EAS) Plan:
a. RADIO STATIONS
1) WTTB 1490 AM
2) WGYL 93.7 FM
3) WOCS 89.9 FM
4) WSCF 91. 9 FM
5) WZZR 92.7 FM
6) WAVW 101.7 FM
7) WAXE 1370 AM
8) WOOL 103.7 FM
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 102
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TELEVISION STATIONS
1) WPTV (NBC) Channel 5
2) WPEC (CBS) Channel 12
3) WPBF (ABC) Channel 25
4) WFLX (FOX) Channel 29
5) WTVX (UPN) Channel 34
3. A series of Public Safety Announcements have been developed
and is available to the PIO. These pre -scripted messages are
maintained on file at the Departmont of Emergency Services.
4. A brochure entitled Emergency Information for Indian River County
is published each year which provides maps, evacuation zones,
and other types of disaster preparedness information, to include
high risk areas and evacuation routes. The brochures are
distributed at public presentations and are available at the office
of Emergency Management. These documents are also available
in a Spanish version.
5. In addition to the aforementioned, our office, in cooperation with
the Indian River County School District, has produced an 80 -
minute informational video tape entitled Indian River County
Department of Emergency Services'
Guide to Hurricane
Preparedness. This video presentation is available free of charge
at each of the county libraries and most of the video rental retail
outlets. This video is targeted to those persons not in contact
with traditional media. The brochures and media presentations are
available for the information of seasonal and transient populations.
6. During an emergency, our office telephones will be staffed on a
24-hour basis until the emergency has been abated. The
advertised telephone number for our office is (561) 567-8000 ext.
444. In addition to this main phone line, additional phone lines will
be established with the numbers broadcasted through the local
media. For a 24-hour recorded weather update, citizens may call
561) 567-2129.
7. During any period of disaster in Indian River County, the
government access cable channel will be broadcasting live from
our Emergency Operations Center. This capability, along with that
of local radio station announcements, will extend the Emergency
Management's public outreach capabilities both in response to and
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 103
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recovery from a disaster, including information on where to go and
who to call for assistance. Channel 13 in the Vero Beach area
AT&T Cablevision) and channel 35 in the North county area
Falcon Cable TV) will be the activated channels. Information will
be broadcast 24 -hours per day.
8. Indian River County currently has eleven public shelters. Since all
shelters will not open at the same time, it is crucial for the public
to monitor media reports for an opening in their area. Depending
on the storm track and intensity, the number and location of
shelter openings will vary. At a minimum, shelters will open in the
north, central and south county area. Public shelter openings will
be broadcast via local radio stations, television stations and the
government access channels listed above.
9. Evacuation information, along with routes, is published annually in
the Vero Beach telephone directory, as well as in a hurricane
preparedness supplement issued by the Press Journal and the
Florida Today just prior to each hurricane season (see Figure 8).
10. While the entire County is subject to a host of hazards (outlined in
Section II -A), there are areas which are more vulnerahle to
particular hazards (i.e., ponding water from heavy rainfall is most
likely to effect the low swampy inland areas and areas along
streams and canals; storm surge is most likely to effect residents
along the coastal areas and the Indian River Lagoon; severe freezes
would economically damage the citrus industry). Therefore, the
department's goal is to increase awareness of the pre -disaster
education programs available to these areas.
11. Each year, the Emergency Management Division hosts a media
day. Representatives from a variety of media outlets are invited
to learn about emergency management procedures and the
methods, used to disseminate public information in an emergency.
Press packets are distributed and tours are given of the EOC and
designated media area. The purpose of this gathering is to
strengthen relations with the media prior to an emergency event.
12. Twice annually, the Emergency Management Division offers an
introductory hurricane meteorological class to familiarize
government employees with the terminology and procedures
surrounding a major weather event which may impact our county.
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VII. REFERENCES AND AUTHORITIES
This plan replaces the Indian River County Nuclear Civil Protection Plan and the
Indian River County Peacetime Emergency Plan. It does not supplant the
Hazardous Materials Plan, which is not an operations -oriented document, nor
the Florida Radiological Emergency Management Plan for Nuclear Power Plants,
which was developed for response to radiological incidents under separate state
and federal statutory authorities. However, this plan will be used to supplement
the REP plan, in order to provide a comprehensive response.
A. Federal
1. Public Laws
a. Public Law 93-288, as amended, which provides authority
for response assistance under the Federal Response Plan,
and which empowers the President to direct any federal
agency to utilize its authorities and resources in support of
state and local assistance efforts.
b. Public Law 93-234, Flood Disaster Protection Act of 1973,
as amended, provides insurance coverage for all tripes of
buildings.
C. Public Law 99-499, Superfund Amendments and Re-
authorization Act of 1986, which governs hazardous
materials planning and right -to -know.
d. Public Law 101-615, Hazardous Materials Transportation
Uniform Safety Act (H.M.T.U.S.A.), which provides funding
to improve capability to respond to hazardous materials
incidents.
e. Public Law 95-510, Comprehensive Environmental
Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980
C.E.R. C.L.A.) as amended, which requires facilities to
notify authorities of accidental releases of hazardous
materials.
f. Public Law 101-549, Clean Air Amendments of 1990,
which provides for reductions in hazardous air pollutants
and risk management planning requirements.
l
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 105
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g. Public Law 85-256, Price -Anderson Act, which provides for
a system of compensating the public for harm caused by a
nuclear accident.
h. Public Law 84-99 (33 USC 701n), Flood Emergencies,
authorizing an emergency fund for flood emergency
preparation, flood fighting and rescue operations, or repair
and restoration of flood control works threatened or
destroyed by flood.
L Public Law 91-671, Food Stamps (Issuance) Act of 1964,
in conjunction with Section 412 of the Stafford Act,
relating to food stamp (issuance) distributions after a major
disaster.
j. Public Law 89-665 (16 USC 470 et seq), National Historic
Preservation Act, relating to the preservation of historic
resources damaged as a result of disasters.
k. Stewart B. McKinney Homeless Assistance Act, (42 USC
11331-11352), Federal Emergency Management Flood and
Shelter Program.
I. National Flood Insurance Act of 1968, (42 USC 4001 at
seq) as amended by the National Flood Insurance Reform
Act of 1994.
m. Reigel Community Development and Regulatory
Improvemont Act of 1994.
n. Public Law 833-703, an amendment to the Atomic Energy
Act of 1954.
2. Regulations
a. 44 CFR Parts 59-76, National Flood Insurance Program and
related programs.
b. 44 CFR Part 13 (The Common Rule), Uniform
Administrative Requirements for Grants and Cooperative
Agreements.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 106
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C. 44 CFR Part 206, Federal Disaster Assistance for Disasters
Declared after November 23, 1988.
d. 44 CFR Part 10, Environmental Considerations.
e. 44 CFR Part 14, Audits of State and Local Governments.
3. Executive Orders
a. Executive Order 11988, Floodplain Management.
b. Executive Order 11990, Protection of Wetlands.
C. Executive Order 12657, Federal Emergency Management
Assistance in Emergency Planning at Commercial Nuclear
Power Plants.
d. Executive Order 12656, Assignment of Emergency
Preparedness Responsibilities.
e. Executive Order 12241, Transferring review and
concurrence responsibility for state plans from the NRC to
FEMA.
f. Presidential Decision Directive - 39, United States Policy on
Counter Terrorism.
g. Presidential Decision Directive - 62, United States Policy on
Combating Terrorism.
h. Presidential Decision Directive - 63, United States Policy on
Protecting America's Critical Infrastructures.
4. Miscellaneous
a. Federal Response Plan for Public Law 93-288, as amended;
April 1992.
b. Nuclear Regulation (NUREG) 0654/FEMA-REP-1, which
provides federal guidance for development and review of
Radiological Emergency Management Plans for Nuclear
Power Plants.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 107
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B. State
C. Flood Insurance Study - Indian River County, Florida and
Incorporated Areas (FEMA - May 4, 1989)
Statutes
a. Chapter 252 - State Emergency Management Act. Chapter
252.38, Florida Statutes, delineates the emergency
management responsibilities of political subdivisions in
safeguarding the life and property of citizens and other
persons within the political subdivision. Key points within
the statutes include:
1) Performing emergency management functions within
the territorial limits of Indian River County and
conduct those activities pursuant to §252.31--
252.91, and in accordance with state and county
emergency management plans and mutual aid
agreements.
2) Appointment of a Director who meets the minimum
training and education qualifications established Li
the job description approved by the Board. The
Director will be appointed to serve at the pleasure of
the Board, subject to the Board's direction and
control, in conformance with applicable resolutions,
ordinances and laws. The Director has responsibility
for the organizations, administration and operation of
Indian River County Emergency Management division,
subject only to the direction and control of the Board
of County Commissioners. The Director will
coordinate emergency management activities,
services and programs within the County and will
serve as liaison to the Florida Division of Emergency
Management and other local emergency management
organizations.
3) Establishment, as necessary, a primary and one or
more secondary emergency operating centers (EOCs)
to provide continuity of government and direction
and control of emergency operations.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 108
4) Power to appropriate and expend funds; make
contracts; obtain and distribute equipment, materials
and supplies for emergency management purposes;
provide for the health and safety of persons and
property, including assistance to victims of any
emergency; and direct and coordinate the
development of emergency management plans and
programs in accordance with the policies and plans
set forth by federal and state emergency
management agencies.
5) Reduction of vulnerability of people and communities
of this county to damage, injury, and loss of life and
property resulting from natural, technological, or
manmade emergencies.
6) Preparation for prompt and efficient response and
recovery to protect lives and property affected by
emergencies.
7) Response to emergencies using all systems, plans,
and resources necessary to preserve adequately the
health, safety, and welfare of persons or pr( perty
affected by the emergency.
8) Recovery from emergencies by providing for the rapid
and orderly start of restoration and rehabilitation of
persons and property affected by emergencies.
9) Authority to request state assistance or invoke
emergency related mutual aid assistance by declaring
a local state of emergency. The duration of the local
state of emergency will be limited to seven days, and
it may be extended as necessary in seven day
increments. The County also has the power and
authority to waive the procedures and formalities
otherwise required of Indian River County by law,
pertaining to:
a. Performance of public work and taking
whatever prudent action is necessary to
ensure the health, safety and welfare of the
community;
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 109
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b. Entering into contracts and incurring
obligations;
C. Employment of permanent and temporary
workers;
d. Utilization of volunteers;
e. Rental of equipment;
f. Acquisition and distribution, with or without
compensation, of supplies, materials and
facilities; and
g. Appropriation and expenditure of public funds.
10) Charge and collect fees for the review of emergency
management plans required of external agencies and
institutions. The fees will be in accordance with the
fee schedules established by the Florida Division of
Emergency Management and as approved by the
Indian River County Board of County Commissioners.
11) Coordination and development of a comprehensive
emergency management plan and program that are
consistent with the state comprehensive emergency
management plan and program.
12) Provision of an emergency management system
embodying all aspects of pre -emergency
preparedness and post -emergency response,
recovery, and mitigation.
13) Maintaining a registry of disabled persons in order to
meet the special needs of persons who would need
assistance during evacuations and sheltering because
of physical or mental handicaps. The registry
identifies those persons in need of assistance and
assists in planning for resource allocation to meet
those identified needs. The registry is updated
annually.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 110
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14) Development and maintenance of a radiological
emergency response plan in accordance with
requirements of the United States Nuclear Regulatory
Commission and the Federal Emergency Management
Agency.
15) Development and maintenance of an emergency plan
for hazardous materials to safeguard the lives and
property of the residents of our County against the
threat of a hazardous materials incident.
16) Participation from the Indian River County School
Board, during a declared local state of emergency and
upon the request of the Chairman, Indian River
County Board of County Commissioners, by providing
facilities and personnel to staff those facilities.
Indian River County School Board will, when
providing transportation assistance, coordinate the
use of vehicles and personnel with Emergency
Support Function (ESF) #2 (Transportation).
b. Chapter 14, Florida Statutes, Governor.
C. Chapter 22, Florida Statutes, Emergency Continuity of
Government.
d. Chapter 23, Part 1, Florida Statutes, The Florida Mutual Aid
Act.
e. Chapter 125, County Government; Chapter 162, County or
Municipal Code Enforcement; Chapter 166, Municipalities;
and Chapter 553, Building Construction Standards.
f. Chapter 154, Florida Statutes, Public Health Facilities.
g. Chapter 161, Beach and Shore Preservation; Part III,
Coastal Zone Preservation.
h. Chapter 162, Florida Statutes, County or Municipal Code
Enforcement.
i. Chapter 163, Inter -governmental Programs; Part I,
Miscellaneous Programs.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Pago 111
410
J. Chapter 166, Florida Statutes, Municipalities.
k. Chapter 187, State Comprehensive Plan.
I. Chapter 215, Florida Statutes, Financial Matters.
M. Chapter 216, Florida Statutes, Planning and Budgeting.
n. Chapter 235, Florida Statutes, Educational Facilities.
o. Chapter 245, Florida Statutes, Disposition of Dead Bodies.
P. Chapter 250, Florida Statutes, Military Affairs.
q. Chapter 284, Florida Statutes, State Risk Management and
Safety Programs.
r. Chapter 287, Florida Statutes, Procurement of Personal
Property and Services.
S. Chapter 376, Florida Statutes, Pollutant Discharge
Prevention and Removal.
t. Chapter 377, Florida Statutes, Energy Resources.
U. Chapter 380, Land/Water Management.
V. Chapter 388, Florida Statutes, Public Health.
W. Chapter 401, Florida Statutes, Medical Telecommunications
and Transportation.
X. Chripter 403, Florida Statutes, Environmental Control.
Y. Chapter 404, Florida Statutes, Radiation.
Z. Chapter 442, Florida Statutes, Occupational Safety and
Health.
aa. Chapter 553, Florida Statutes, Building Construction
Standards.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Pian Basic Page I I Z
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ab. Chapter 581, Florida Statutes, Plant Industry.
ac. Chapter590, Florida Statutes, Forest Protection.
ad. Chapter 633, Florida Statutes, Fire Prevention and Control.
ae. Chapter 870, Florida Statutes, Riots, Affrays, Riots, and
Unlawful Assemblies.
2. Administrative Rules
a. Florida Department of Community Affairs Administrative
Rule, Chapters 9G-6, 7, 11, 14, 19, 20 and 21.
b. Florida Department of Community Affairs Administrative
Rule, Chapters 9J-2 and 9J-5.
3. Executive Orders
a. Executive Order 80-29 (Disaster Preparedness), dated April
14, 1980.
b. Executive Order 87-57 (State Emergency Response
Commission), dated April 17, 1987; as updated by
Executive Orders 98-153 and 98-155.
4. Miscellaneous
a. State of Florida Comprehensive Emergency Management
Plan.
b. Florida Airport Directory (published by the Florida
Department of Transportation Aviation Office, Summer,
1996).
C. Local
1. Ordinances
a. ORDINANCE 91- 17
An ordinance of Indian River County, Florida, designating
the Chairman of the Board of County Commissioners, or in
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 113
his/her absence, Vice -Chairman or Board designee, in this
succession, as the official with authority to declare a State
of Emergency in the event of natural of man-made disaster
or the imminent threat thereof: authorizing such official to
take certain emergency measures relating thereto: providing
severability; and providing an effective date.
b. ORDINANCE 91-18
An ordinance of Indian River County, Florida, providing for
the activation of the disaster emergency plans applicable to
Indian River County and enumerating actions that may be
taken during said emergency.
2. Resolutions
a. RESOLUTION NO. 89-150
A resolution of Indian River County, Florida, by and through
its Board of County Commissioners, continuing to recognize
the Indian River County Emergency Management Services
Department to act in accordance with the State Emergency
Operations Plan and Program.
b. RESOLUTION NO. 91-55
A resolution of Indian River County, Florida, establishing a
disaster emergency employee policy.
C. A sample copy of a resolution for declaring a local State of
Emergency can be found attached to this document and
identified as Figure 12.
3. Miscellaneous
a. Indian River County Emergency Medical Services Trauma
Transport Protocol.
b. Indian River County Comprehensive Growth Management
Plan.
C. Treasure Coast Hurricane Evacuation Study.
d. Solid Waste Management
Master Plan, Emergency
Operations Standing Operating Procedures, dated July,
1994.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 114
C. The Statewide Mutual Aid Agreement for Catastrophic
Disaster Response and Recovery (April 1994 as Amended
by Modification #1, October 1994).
d. Florida and the American Red Cross, 1992.
e. Florida and the Air Force Rescue Coordination Center (Inland
Search/Rescue), as amended, 1995.
f. Florida Division of Emergency Management and the Civil Air
Patrol (Search/Rescue, Transport), 1992.
g. Division of Emergency Management and Florida Power
Corporation; Division of Emergency Management and Florida
Power & Light Company; and Division of Emergency
Management and Southern Nuclear Operating Company
Radiological Emergency Response Planning and
Operations), Annual Agreements.
h. Memorandum of Agreement between the Federal
Emergency Management Agency, the State of Florida, and
the City of Miami for Urban Search and Rescue, October 5,
1993.
Building Officials Association of Florida and Division of
Emergency Management, October 1994.
j. National Weather Service and Division of Emergency
Management, September 1994.
k. Statement of Understanding between the Administration on
Aging and the American National Red Cross (ARC), ARC
5067, June 1995.
I. Statement of Understanding between the Salvation Army
and the American Red Cross, August 1994.
M. Statement of Understanding between the Volunteer
Organizations Active in Disaster Agencies and other
volunteer agencies.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 116
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D. Specific plans that supplement this CEMP that apply to unique situations
are as follows:
1. Coastal Oil Spill - Federal Regional IV Oil & Hazardous Substances
Regional Contingency Plan
2. Hazardous Materials - Indian River County Emergency Plan for
Hazardous Materials
3. Mass Immigration - Indian River County Caribbean Refugee Plan
4. Airports - Vero Beach Municipal Airport Certification Manual:
Aircraft and Airport Safety Plan, approved by the Federal Aviation
Administration on January 3, 1997
5. Nuclear Power Plants - State of Florida Radiological Emergency
Management Plan
6. Ports/Marinas - Indian River County Comprehensive Plan
7. Emergency Notification - Emergency Alert System Plan
Operational Area 10)
8. Military Support - Florida National Guard Operation Plan for Military
Support to Civil Authorities
2. Mitigation - Indian River County Unified Local Mitigation Strategy
Copies of these plans are maintained on file at the Emergency
Management office.
E. Memoranda of Understanding/Agreements
1. State
a. Emergency Management Assistance Compact, 1996.
b. Florida and Federal Emergency Management Agency Region
IV, 1993.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 115
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n. Statement of Understanding between the Federal
Emergency Management Agency and the American Red
Cross, January 1982.
o. Memorandum of Understanding between the Centers for
Disease Control, the United States Public Health Service of
the Department of Health and Human Services, and the
American Red Cross, December 1988.
P. State of Florida Agreement between the American Red
Cross and the Department of Health for use of the United
States Department of Agriculture donated foods, September
1989.
q. Memorandum of Understanding with the American
Veterinary Medical Association Emergency Preparedness
and Response Guide.
Memorandum of Understanding with the State of North
Carolina for Medivac Assistance for Monroe County.
S. Southern Mutual Radiological Assistance Plan, Southern
States Emergency Response Council.
t. Memorandum of Understanding between Strategic
Metropolitan Assistance and Recovery Teams and the
Florida Division of Emergency Management, February 14,
1997.
U. Interstate Agreement During a Hurricane Threat or Other
Events Florida Division of Emergency Management and
Georgia Emergency Management Agency.
1. Local
a. Interlocal Agreements for the purpose of providing mutual
aid in time of a fire, rescue, medical, or emergency
management emergency; exist with the following counties
and/or municipalities:
1) Okeechobee County
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 117
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2) St. Lucie County
3) Osceola County
4) Brevard County
5) Town of Indian River Shores
b. Indian River County, and each of its municipalities, have
entered into the Statewide Mutual Aid Agreement for
Catastrophic Disaster Response and Recovery. The purpose
of this Agreement is to provide a mechanism to expedite
the assistance of other public agencies in response to
catastrophic natural and manmade disasters. This
Agreement also expedites the reimbursement process
required to receive state and federal financial assistance
during the recovery from such an event.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page I I
NFIGURE 12!
1
RES10 00 -;
INDIAN RIVER COUNTY RESOLUTION DECLARING
STATE OF LOCAL EMERGENCY
WHEREAS, the National Hurricane Center recognizes the danger
to coastal residents of Florida from Hurricane ENTER HURRICANE
NAME HERE, by posting a hurricane ENTER WATCH OR WARNING HERE
from ENTER SOUTHERN BOUNDARY LOCATION to ENTER NORTHERN
BOUNDARY LOCATION; and
WHEREAS, Indian River County has high evacuation times to
evacuate residents from the hazards of a hurricane; and
WHEREAS, the current forecast error of the National Hurricane
Center does not allow for a confident prediction of the track
of Hurricane ENTER HURRICANE NAME HERE at that point in tine,
coinciding with Indian River County's high evacuation times;
and
WHEREAS, Hurricane ENTER HURRICANE NAME HERE has the potential
for causing extensive damage to public utilities, public
buildings, public communication systems, public streets and
roads, public drainage systems, commercial and residential
buildings and areas; and
WHEREAS, Section 252.38(3), Florida Statutes, provides
authority for a political subdivision such as Indian River
County to declare a State of Local Emergency and to waive the
procedures and formalities otherwise required of political
subdivisions by law pertaining to:
1. Performance of public work and taking whatever
a, action is necessary to ensure the health, safety,
and welfare of the community.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 119
4
2. Entering into contracts.
Inct , 9
or
ga ns .
L'
N Empl ent nen and tem rary
wol
ers.
5. Utilization of volunteer workers.
6. Rental of equipment.
7. Acquisition and distribution, with or without
compensation of supplies, materials and facilities.
8. Appropriation and expenditure of public funds.
NOW THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the Board of County
Commissioners of Indian River County, Florida, this ENTER DAY
HERE day of ENTER MONTH HERE 1997, that:
1. Hurricane ENTER HURRICANE NAME HERE poses a serious
threat to the lives and property of residents of
Indian River County and that a State of Local
Emergency shall be declared, effective immediatel},
for all of Indian River County, including, all
unincorporated and incorporated areas.
2. The Board of County Commissioners hereby exercises
its authority and waives the procedures and
formalities required by law of a political
subdivision, as provided in Chapter 252.38 (6) (e) ,
Florida Statutes.
The resolution was moved for adoption by Commissioner ENTER
COMMISSIONER NAME HERE and the motion was seconded by
Commissioner ENTER COMMISSIONER NAME HERE, and, upon being put
to a vote, the vote was as follows:
Chairman Fran B. Adams
Vice -Chairman Caroline D. Ginn
Commissioner Kenneth R. Macht
Commissioner Ruth M. Stanbridge
Commissioner John W. Tippin
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 120
The Chairman thereupon declared the resolution duly passed and
ad this EATER DA7MHERESdayERMONTH HER,', 9.
A V11do BOARD OF CO 0MM=88i1't NER8
INDIAN RIVER COUNTY, FLORIDA
BY
Attest
Jeffrey K. Barton, Clerk
Fran B. Adams, Chairman
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 121
77777-7777777. 1
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APPENDIX A - LIST OF ACRONYMS
ACLF Adult Congregate Living Facility
ANCA Agency Health Care Administration
ARC American Red Cross
ARES Amateur Radio Emergency Services
CAP Civil Air Patrol
CEMP Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan
CEO Chief Executive Officer
CEOC County Emergency Operations Center
CERCLA Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation & Liability
DHSMV
Act
CPHU County Public Health Unit
DABT Division of Alcoholic Beverages & Tobacco
DACS Department of Agriculture &
Consumer Services
DBPR Department of Business/Professional Regulations
DCA Department of Community Affairs
DEM Division of Emergency Management (Indian River County)
DEP Department of Environmental Protection
DFO Disaster Field Office
DHRS Department of Health/Rehabilitative Services
DHSMV Department of Highway Safety & Motor Vehicles
DMA Department of Military Affairs
DMA Disaster Medical Assistance Team
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DMORT Disaster Mortuary Response Team
DMS Department of Management Services
DOC Department of Corrections
DOD Department of Defense
DOER Department of Elder Affairs
DO/ Department of Insurance
DOJ Department of Justice
DOT Department of Transportation
DRC Disaster Recovery Center
DRM Disaster Recovery Manager
DSCO Deputy State Coordinating Officer
DSR Damage Survey Report
DUA Disaster Unemployment Assistance
ECO Emergency Coordinating Officer
EMS Emergency Medical Services
EMT Emergency Medical Technician
EOC Emergency Operations Center
EPA Environmental Protection Agency
EPZ Emergency Planning Zone
ERT Emergency Response Team
ESA TCOM Emergency Satellite Communications
ESF Emergency Support Function
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FAB Florida Association of Broadcasters
FAC Florida Administrative Code
FCG Florida Coordinating Group
FCO Federal Coordinating Officer
FDEM Florida Division of Emergency Management
FDLE Florida Department of Law Enforcement
FDOT Florida Department of Transportation
FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency
FFCA Florida Fire Chiefs Association
FGFWFC Florida Game & Fresh Water Fish Commission
FHP Florida Highway Patrol
FIRM Flood Insurance Rate Map
FMHA Farmer's Home Administration
FMHO Federal Hazard Mitigation Officer
FMP Florida Marine Patrol
FNG Florida National Guard
FNARS Federal National Radio System
FNA TS Federal National Teletype System
FNA VS Federal National Voice System
FRP Federal Response Plan
GAR Governor's Authorized Representative
HMTUSA Hazardous Materials Transportation
Uniform Safety Act
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AO Individual Assistance Officer
CS Incident Command System
EMS Integrated Emergency Management System
FG Individual & Family Grant
PU Information Processing Unit
J/C Joint Information Center
LGR Local Government Radio
LHMO Local Hazard Mitigation Offices
MECC Mobile Emergency Communications Center
M/E Mass Immigration Emergency
MSU Medical Support Unit
NASA National Aeronautic Space Administration
NAWAS National Warning System
NCP National Contingency Plan
NDMS National Disaster Medical System
NOAA National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration
NOl Notice of Interest
NRC Nuclear Regulatory Commission
NTC National Teleregistration Center
NUREG Nuclear Regulation
NWS National Warning System
OMB Office of Management & Budget
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OSC On Scene Coordination
PA Public Assistance Officer
PDA Preliminary Damage Assessment
P/O Public Information Officer
PSA Public Service Announcement
PSC Public Service Commission
RIAT Rapid Impact Assessment Team
RPSC Refuge Policy Steering Committee
RRT Rapid Response Team
SAR Search & Rescue
SBA Small Business Administration
SCO State Coordinating Officer
SEOC State Emergency Operations Center
SERT State Emergency Response Team
SFRT Shelter Feasibility Review Team
SHO State Health Office
SHOESOC State Health Office Emergency Support Operations Center
SHMART State Hazard Mitigation & Recovery Team
SHMO State Hazard Mitigation Officer
SOP Suggested Operating Procedure
STARC State Area Command
SINP State Warning Point
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TA Technical Advisory Group
US&R Urban Search & Rescue
USAGE United States Army Corps of Engineers
USCG United States Coast Guard
VOAD Voluntary Organizations Active in Disaster
WMI) Water Management District
A -S
APPENDIX B
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APPENDIX B - GLOSSARY OF TERMS
AGENCYASSISTANCE Grants for projects or planning activities, loans, and all
other forms of financial or technical assistance provided
by the Agency.
APPLICANT Stafford Act - Individuals, families, State and local
governments, or private, nonprofit organizations who
apply for assistance as a result of a declaration of a
major disaster or emergency.
Public Assistance - The State, local government, or
eligible private, nonprofit facility submitting a project
application or request for direct Federal assistance
under the Act or on whose behalf the Governor's
Authorized Representative takes such action.
Individual Assistance - An individual or family who
submits an application or request for assistance under
the Act.
ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR The Associate Director for State and Local Programs
and Support Directorate, FEMA, or his/her designated
representative.
BASE FLOOD A term used in the National Flood Insurance Program to
indicate the minimum size flood to be used by a
community as a basis for its floodplain management
regulations; presently required by regulation to be that
flood which has a one -percent chance of being equaled
or exceeded in any given year. Also known as a 100 -
year flood or one -percent chance flood.
BASE FLOOD ELEVATION fBFE1 The elevation for which there is a one -percent change
in any given year that flood levels will equal or exceed
it. The BFE is determined by statistical analysis for
each local area and designated on the Flood Insurance
Rate Map. It is also known as the 100 -Year Flood.
BASEMENT Any area of the building having its floor subgrade
below ground level) on all sides.
BUILDING CODE The regulations adopted by a local governing body
setting forth standards for the construction, addition,
modification, and repair of buildings and other
structures for the purpose of protecting the health,
safety, and general welfare of the public.
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CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER The official of the community who is charged with the
authority to implement and administer laws, ordinances,
and regulations for that community.
C/V/L PREPAREDNESS GUIDANCE (CPG) A series of FEMA Policy documents.
COASTAL HIGH -HAZARD AREA An area of special flood hazard, extending from
offshore to the inland limit of a primary frontal dune,
along an open coast and any other area subject to high
velocity wave action from storms or seismic sources.
CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS (CFR) 49" CFR" refers to Title 49, the primary volume
regarding hazmat transportation regulations.
COMMAND POST A centralized base of operations established near the
site of an incident, located a safe distance from an
accident site, where the on -scene coordinator,
responders, and technical representatives can make
response decisions, deploy manpower and equipment,
maintain liaison with media, and handle
communications.
COMMUNITY RIGHT -TO -KNOW Legislation requiring the communicating of chemical
information to local agencies or the public.
COMPREHENSIVE EMERGENCY
MANAGEMENT (CEM)
COMPUTERIZED HAZARD
IDENTIFICATION PROGRAM (CHIP)
CONTINUITY OF GOVERNMENT (CUG)
CONTRACTOR
An integrated approach to the management of
emergency programs and activities for all f fur
emergency phases (mitigation, preparedness, response,
and recovery), for all types of emergencies and
disasters (natural, manmade, and attache), and for all
levels of government (local, State, and Federal) and the
private sector.
Part of EMA's Integrated Emergency Management
System, this evaluation program identifies the hazards
posing the greatest threat to State and local
governments and the capabilities of existing programs
to respond (formerly referred to a Hazard Identification
and Capability Assessment).
All measures that may be taken to ensure the continuity
of essential functions of governments in the event of
emergency conditions, including line -of -succession for
key decision makers.
Any individual, partnership, corporation, agency, or
other entity (other than an organization engaged in the
business of insurance) performing work by contract for
the Federal government or a State or local agency.
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CR/TICAL FACILITIES Those facilities essential to the health, safety and
welfare of the population whose statutorial purpose is
to provide physical and mental health care and services.
The services are necessary in the event of local, state
and federal emergencies; and/or natural disasters; and,
in time of evacuation, examples are: primary care
centers; trauma units; emergency units; hospitals;
infirmaries; mental health facilities and nursing homes.
DAMAGE ASSESSMENT The process utilized to determine the magnitude of
damage and the unmet needs of individuals,
businesses, the public sector, and the community
caused by a disaster or emergency event.
DECLARATION The formal action by the President to make a State
eligible for major disaster or emergency assistance
under the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and
Emergency Assistance Act, PL 93-288, as amended
the Stafford Act).
DECLARATION PROCESS When a disaster strikes, local authorities and individuals
request help from private relief organizations and their
State government, which give all assistance possible.
If assistance is beyond their capability, the Governor
requests a Presidential declaration of a major disaster or
an emergency.
DESIGNATED AREA Any emergency or major disaster -affected portion of a
State that has been determined eligible for Federal
assistance.
DESK REV/EW Completion of the eight -step review process in the field
office using the DSR, Reconnaissance Report, Hazard
Mitigation Proposal, and other material submitted with
the DSR. Other information may be gathered by phone,
or other communications method, as long as a field visit
is not required.
DEVELOPMENT Any manmade change to improved or unimproved real
estate, including but not limited to buildings or other
structures, mining, dredging, filling, grading, paving,
excavation or drilling operations, or storage of
equipment or materials.
ELEVATION The raising of a structure to place it above flood waters
on an extended support structure.
ELIGIBLE COMMUNITY A community for which the Administrator has
authorized the sale of flood insurance under the
National Flood Insurance Program.
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EMERGENCY Any occasion or instance for which, in the
determination of the President, Federal assistance is
needed to supplement State and local efforts and
capabilities to save lives and to protect property and
public health and safety, or to lessen of avert the threat
of a catastrophe in any part of the United States.
EMERGENCY ACT/ONS Emergency work essential to save lives and protect
property and public health and safety performed under
Section 306 of the Disaster Relief Act of 1974, as
amended.
EMERGENCY FACILITIES Those buildings, structures, equipment, or systems
used to provide emergency services, such as fire
protection, ambulance, or rescue, to the general public,
including the administrative and support facilities even
if not contiguous.
EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT DIRECTOR The term Emergency Management Director and
Emergency Services Director are inter changeable when
used to describe that individual in Indian River County;
they are one in the same.
EMERGENCY OPERATIONS CENTER (EOC) The protected site from which civil government officials
municipal, county, State, and Federal) exercise
centralized direction and control in an emergency.
Operating from an EOC is a basic em rgency
management concept. For effective emergency
response, all activities must be centrally directed and
coordinated. The EOC also services as a Resource
Center and coordination point for additional field
assistance. It provides executive directives and liaison
to State and Federal governments, and considers and
mandates protective actions.
EMERGENCY OPERA TIONS PLAN (EOPJ An all -hazards document, that specifies actions to be
taken in the event of natural disasters, technological
accidents, or nuclear attack; identifies authorities,
relationships, and the actions to be taken by whom,
what, when, and where, based on predetermined
assumptions, objectives, and existing capabilities.
EMERGENCY PROGRAM (EP) The phase of the National Flood Insurance Program that
a community enters prior to the completion of an
individual community flood insurance study. It is
intended to provide a first layer amount of insurance at
Federally -subsidized rates on all existing structures and
new construction begun prior to the effective date of a
Flood Insurance Rate Map, in return for the
community's adoption of general floodplain
management regulations.
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EVACUATION A population protection strategy involving orderly
movement of people away from an actual or potential
hazard, and resources for temporary relocation.
EXECUTIVE ORDERS 11988 AND 11990 The requirements to avoid direct or indirect support of
floodplain development and to minimize harm to
floodplains and wetlands. Federal decision makers are
obligated to comply with these orders, accomplished
through an eight -step decision making process.
EXECUTIVE ORDER 12699 Requires that new construction of Federal buildings
must comply with appropriate seismic design and
construction standards.
EXERCISE Maneuver or simulated emergency condition involving
planning, preparation, and execution; carried out for the
purpose of testing, evaluating, planning, developing,
training, and/or demonstrating emergency management
systems and individual components and capabilities, to
identify areas of strength and weakness for
improvement of an emergency operations plan (EOP).
EXISTING CONSTRUCTION As used in reference to the National Flood Insurance
Program, any structure already existing or on which
construction or substantial improvement was started
prior to the effective date of a community's floodplain
management regulations.
FACILITY Any publicly or privately owned building, works, system
or equipment, built or manufactured, or an improved
and maintained natural feature. Land used for
agricultural purposes is not a facility.
This includes any publicly owned flood control,
navigation, irrigation, reclamation, public power,
sewage treatment and collection, water supply and
distribution, watershed development, or airport facility;
and non -Federal -aid street, road, or highway; and any
other public building, structure or system, including
those used for educational, recreational, or cultural
purposes, or any park.
FEDERAL COORDINATING OFFICER (FCt=) The person appointed by the Director, or in his
absence, the Deputy Director, or alternatively by the
Associate Director, to coordinate Federal assistance in
an emergency or a major disaster.
FEDERAL EMERGENCY This agency was created in 1979 to provide a
MANAGEMENT AGENCY single point of accountability for all Federal activities
related to disaster mitigation and emergency
preparedness, response, and recovery.
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FEDERAL HAZARD The FEMA employee responsible for representing the
MITIGATION OFFICER agency for each declaration in carrying out the overall
responsibilities for hazard mitigation and for Subpart M,
including coordinating post -disaster hazard mitigation
actions with other agencies of government at all levels.
FEDERAL INSURANCE ADMINISTRATION The government unit, a part of FEMA, that administers
the National Flood Insurance Program.
FEMA -STATE AGREEMENT A formal legal document between FEMA and the
affected State stating the understandings,
commitments, and biding conditions for assistance
applicable as th^ result of the major disaster or
emergency declared by the President. It is signed by
the FEMA Regional Director, or designee, and the
Governor.
FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE Any form of loan, grant, guaranty, insurance, payment,
rebate, subsidy, disaster assistance loan or grant, or
any other form of direct or indirect Federal assistance,
other than general or special revenue sharing or formula
grants made to States.
FLASH FLOOD A flood that crests in a short period time and is often
characterized by high velocity flow. It is often the
result of heavy rainfall in a localized area.
FLOOD ELEVATION DETERMINATION A determination by the administrator of the water
surface elevations of the base flood, that is, the flood
level that has a one percent or greater change or
occurrence in any given year.
FLOOD HAZARD BOUNDARY MAP The official map of a community that shows the
boundaries of the floodplain and special flood hazard
areas that have been designated. It is prepared by
FEMA, using the best flood data available at the time a
community enters the emergency phase of the NFIP. It
is superseded by the FIRM after a more detailed study
has been completed.
FLOOD INSURANCE The insurance coverage provided under the National
Flood Insurance Program.
FLOOD INSURANCE RATE MAP The official map of a community prepared by FEMA,
which shows the base flood elevation, along with the
special hazard areas and the risk premium zones. The
study is funded by FEMA and is based on detailed
surveys and analysis of the site-specific hydrologic
characteristics.
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FLOOD INSURANCE RATE ZONE A zone identified on a Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM)
as subject to a specified degree of flood, mudslide
flood -related erosion hazards, to which amudflow), or
particular set of actuarial rates and floodplain
management requirements applies.
FLOOD INSURANCE STUDY A study, funded by FEMA, FIA, and carried out by any
of variety of agencies and consultants to delineate the
special flood hazard areas, base flood elevations, and
NFIP actuarial insurance rate zones. The study is based
on detailed site surveys and analysis of site-specific
hydrologic characteristics.
FLOODPROOFING Any combination of structural and nonstructural
additions, changes, or adjustments to properties and
structures that reduce or eliminate flood damage to
lands, water and sanitary facilities, structures, and
contents of buildings.
FUNCTIONAL ANNEX Parts of the Emergency Operations Plan that begin to
provide specific information and direction; should focus
on operations, what the function is and who is
responsible for carrying it out, emphasize
responsibilities, tasks, procedures, and operational
actions that pertain to the function being covered,
including activities to be performed by anyone with a
responsibility under the function. Should clearly d, fine
and describe the policies, procedures, roles, and
responsibilities inherent in the various functions before,
during, and after any emergency period.
GOVERNOR'S AUTHORIZED The person empowered by the Governor to execute, on
REPRESENTATIVE (GAR) behalf of the State, all necessary documents for
disaster assistance.
GRANT An award of financial assistance. The grant award shall
be based on the total eligible Federal share of all
approved projects.
GRANTEE The government to which a grant is awarded that is
accountable for the use of the funds provided. The
grantee is the entire legal entity even if only a particular
component of the entity is designated in the grant
award document. For purposes of this regulation,
except as noted in 206.202, the State is the grantee.
HAZARD Any situation that has the potential for causing damage
to life, property, and/or the environment.
HAZARD MITIGATION Any cost effective measure that will reduce the
potential for damage to a facility from a disaster event.
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HAZARD MIT/GAT/ON Provides a limited amount of funding to States to cover
ASS/STANCE PROGRAM or to assist in covering the cost of preparing a pre -
disaster hazard mitigation plan, one or more
components of such a plan, or a related activity that
will contribute to reducing vulnerability to hazards
either throughout the State or for a selected area within
the State.
HAZARD MIT/GAT/ON GRANT PROGRAM Authorized under Section 404 of the Stafford Act.
Provides funding for hazard mitigation projects that are
cost effective and complement existing post -disaster
mitigation programs and activities by providing funding
for beneficial mitigation measures that are not funded
through other programs.
HAZARD MIT/GAT/ON PLAN The plan resulting from a systematic evaluation of the
nature and extent of vulnerability to the effects of
natural hazards present in society that includes the
actions needed to minimize future vulnerability to
hazards.
HAZARD M/T/GATION The plan developed by the State to describe the
STATE ADMINISTRATION PLAN procedures for administration of the Hazard Mitigation
Grant Program.
HAZMAT Hazardous Materials: any substance or material in a
particular form or quantity that the Secr, Lary of
Transportation finds may pose an unreasonable risk to
health, safety, and property, or any substance or
material in a quantity or form that may be harmful to
humans, animals, crops, water systems, or other
elements of the environment if accidentally released.
Substances so designated may include explosives,
solids, combustible solids, poisons, oxidizing or
corrosive materials, and flammable gases. Defined via
rulemaking process, under authority of PL 93-633.
HAZARDS ANALYSIS The procedure for identifying potential sources of a
hazardous materials release, determining the
vulnerability of an area to a hazardous materials release,
and comparing hazards to determine risks to a
community.
HE/HIM/HIS Whenever the words "he", "him" or "his' are used, the
words shall be interpreted as including the words "she",
her" or "hers".
IMMEDIATE THREAT The threat of additional damage or destruction from an
event that can reasonably be expected to occur within
five years.
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IMPROVED PROPERTY A structure, facility, or item of equipment that was
HAZARD MITIGATION
built, constructed, or manufactured. Land used for
agricultural purposes is not improved property.
INCIDENT COMMAND
Combination of facilities, equipment, personnel,
procedures, and communications operating with a
common organizational structure with responsibility for
management of assigned resources to effectively direct
INTERAGENCY HAZARD MITIGATION TEAM fhe mitigation team that is activated following flood -
and control the response to an incident. Intended to
related disasters pursuant to the Office of Management
expand as situation required greater resources, without
and Budget directive on Nonstructural Flood Protection
requiring new, reorganized command structure.
INDIVIDUAL ASSISTANCE Supplementary Federal Assistance provided under the
subsequent December 15, 1980, Interagency
Stafford Act to individuals and families adversely
Agreement for Non structural Damage Reduction.
affected by a major disaster or an emergency. Such
Developed within 15 days following any
assistance may be provided directly by the Federal
Presidentially declared flood disaster by an interagency,
Government or through State or local governments of
intergovernmental, and interdisciplinary team
disaster relief organizations.
INTEGRATED EMERGENCY Strategy for implementing emergency management
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM activities, which builds upon those functions common
Mitigation. The report identifies post -flood mitigation
to preparedness for any type of occurrence and
opportunities and common post -flood recovery policies.
provides for special requirements of individual
emergency situations. Seeks function -based plan
annexes that can be adapted to varied hazard events.
INTERAGENCY FOR POST -FLOOD Agreement signed by twelve Federal agencies
HAZARD MITIGATION as a result of a July 10, 1980, directive issued by the
Office of Management and Budge to these agencies to
coordinate their post -disaster recovery assistance
following Presidentially declared flood disasters and to
use this assistance to promote nonstructural
approaches to reducing future flood damages.
INTERAGENCY HAZARD MITIGATION TEAM fhe mitigation team that is activated following flood -
related disasters pursuant to the Office of Management
and Budget directive on Nonstructural Flood Protection
Measures and Flood Disaster Recovery, and the
subsequent December 15, 1980, Interagency
Agreement for Non structural Damage Reduction.
INTERAGENCY HAZARD MITIGATION Developed within 15 days following any
TEAM REPORT Presidentially declared flood disaster by an interagency,
intergovernmental, and interdisciplinary team
representing each of the signatory agencies of the
Interagency Agreement for Post -Flood Hazard
Mitigation. The report identifies post -flood mitigation
opportunities and common post -flood recovery policies.
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LIABILITY An obligation to do or refrain from doing something; a
duty that eventually must be performed; and obligation
to pay money; also used to refer to one's responsibility
for his/ her conduct.
LOCAL GOVERNMENT Any county, city, village, town, district, or other
political subdivision of any State, and Indian tribe or
authorized tribal organization, or Alaskan Native village
or organization, including any rural community or
unincorporated town or village or any other public
entity for which an application for assistance is made
by a State or political subdivision thereof.
LOCAL HAZARD MITIGATION OFFICER The representative of local government who serves on
the Hazard Mitigation Survey Team or the Interagency
Hazard Mitigation Team and who is the primary point of
contact with FEMA, other Federal agencies, and the
State in the planning and implementation of post -
disaster hazard mitigation activities.
MAJOR DISASTER Any natural catastrophe ( including any hurricane,
tornado, storm, high water, wind -driven water, tidal
wave, tsunami, earthquake, volcanic eruption,
landslide, mudslide, snowstorm, or drought) or,
regardless of cause, any fire, flood, or explosion, in any
part of the United States, which, in the determination
of the President, causes damage of sufficient sev, rity
and magnitude to warrant major disaster assistance
under this Act to supplement the efforts and available
resources of States, local governments, and disaster
relief organizations in alleviating the damage, loss,
hardship, or suffering caused thereby.
MISSION ASSIGNMENT Work order issued to a Federal agency by the Regional
Director, Associate Director, or Director, directing
completion by that agency of a specified task and citing
funding, other managerial controls, and guidance.
MITIGATION All steps necessary to minimize the potentially adverse
effects of the proposed action and to restore, preserve,
and enhance natural values of wetlands; or long-term
activities to minimize the potentially adverse effects of
future disaster in affected areas.
NATIONAL FLOOD INSURANCE PROGRAM The Federal program, created by an act of Congress in
1968, that makes flood insurance available in
communities that enact satisfactory floodplain
management regulations.
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ONE -HUNDRED (100) -YEAR FLOOD The flood elevation that has a one -percent chance of
being equaled or exceeded in any given year. It is also
known as the base flood elevation.
PRIVATE NONPROFIT FACILITY Private, nonprofit educational, utility, emergency,
medical, rehabilitational, and temporary or permanent
custodial care facilities (including these for the aged
and disabled), or other private, nonprofit facilities that
provide essential services of a governmental nature to
the general public, and facilities on Indian reservations
as defined by the President.
Stafford Act - Any nongovernmental agency or entity
that currently has an effective ruling letter from the
U.S. Internal Revenue Service granting tax exemption
under Sections 501 (c), (d), or (e) of the Internal
Revenue Code of 1954, or satisfactory evidence from
the State that the organization or entity is a nonprofit
one organized or going business under State law.
PRIVATE NONPROFIT ORGANIZATION Any nongovernmental agency or entity that currently
has an effective ruling letter from the U.S. Internal
Revenue Service granting tax exemption under Sections
501(c), (d), or (e) of the Internal Revenue Code of
1954, or satisfactory evidence from the State that the
nonrevenue producing organization or entity is a
nonprofit one organized or doing business undr r State
law.
PUBLIC ASSISTANCE (PA) Supplementary Federal assistance provided under the
Stafford Act to State and local governments or certain
private, nonprofit organizations other than assistance
for the direct benefit of individuals and families.
PUBLIC ENTITY An organization formed for a public purpose whose
direction and funding are provided by one or more
political subdivisions of the State.
PUBLIC FACILITY The following facilities owned by a State or local
government:
Any flood control, navigation, irrigation,
reclamation, public power, sewage
treatment and collection, water supply
and distribution, watershed
development, or airport facility;
Any non -Federal -aid street, road, or
highway;
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Any other public building, structure, or
system, including those used for
educational, recreational, or cultural
purposes; and
Any park.
PUBLIC INFORMATION OFF/CER on -scene official responsible for preparing and
coordinating the dissemination of public information in
cooperation with other responding Federal, State, and
local government agencies.
RECEPTION CENTER A center established to register evacuees and to assess
their needs. If an evacuation is ordered, suitable
facilities to be used as reception centers must be
designated. The centers will be used to register
evacuees for emergency shelter or, if elsewhere, to
ascertain where they can be contacted. Persons
requiring temporary shelter will be directed to a shelter
location.
RETROFITTING Floodproofing measures taken on an existing structure.
R/PRAP Broken stone, cut stone blocks, or rubble that is placed
on slopes to protect them from erosion or scouring
caused by flood waters or wave action.
RISK A measure of the probability that damage to life,
property, and/or the environment will occur if a hazard
manifests itself; this measure includes the severity of
anticipated consequences to people.
RISKANALYSIS Assesses probability of damage (or injury) and actual
damage (or injury) that might occur, in light of the
hazard analysis and vulnerability analysis. Some
planners may choose to analyze worst-case scenarios.
RISK AREA An area considered likely to be affected by a natural or
technological hazard. Risk areas are based on
recommended isolation distances, identifiable land
features, etc.
RISKMANAGEMENT Refers to a decision making process that involves such
considerations as risk assessment, technological
feasibility, economic information about costs and
benefits, statutory requirements, public concerns, and
other factors.
SHE/HER/HERS Whenever the words "she", "her" or "hers" are used,
the words shall be interpreted as including the words
he", "him" or "his" .
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SHELTER A facility to house, feed, and care for persons
evacuated from a risk area for periods of one or more
days. For the risk areas, the primary shelter and the
reception center are usually located in the same facility.
STAFFORD ACT Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency
Assistance Act, PL 100-107, signed into law November
23, 1988; amended the Disaster Relief Act of 1974, PL
93-288.
STANDARD FLOOD INSURANCE POLICY The flood insurance policy issued by the Federal
Insurance Administrator, or an insurer pursuant to an
arrangement with the administrator pursuant to Federal
statutes and regulations.
STATE COORDINATING AGENCY The agency of the State government designated by the
Governor of the State at the request of the
administrator to coordinate the flood insurance program
in that State.
STATE COORDINATING OFFICER The person appointed by the Governor to act in
cooperation with the Federal Coordinating Officer to
administer disaster recovery efforts.
STATE EMERGENCY PLAN As used in Section 401 or Section 501 of the Stafford
Act, means that State plan that is designated
specifically for State -level response to emergen Jes or
major disasters and that sets forth actions to be taken
by the State and local governments, including those for
implementing Federal disaster assistance.
STATE HAZARD MITIGATION OFFICER The representative of State government who serves on
the Hazard Mitigation Survey Team and Interagency
Hazard Mitigation Team and who is the primary point of
contact with FEMA, other Federal agencies, and local
units of government in the planning and implementation
of post -disaster mitigation activities.
SUBGRANT An award of financial assistance under a grant by a
grantee to an eligible subgrantee.
SUBGRANTEE The government or other legal entity to which a
subgrant is awarded and which is accountable to the
grantee for the use of the funds provided.
SUBSTANTIAL DAMAGE Damage of any origin sustained by a structure whereby
the cost of restoring the structure to its before
damaged condition would equal or exceed 50 percent
of the market value of the structure before damage
occurred.
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TEMPORARY HOUSING Temporary accommodations provided by the Federal
Government to individuals or families whose homes are
made unlivable by an emergency or a major disaster.
TURNDOWN The action authorized by the White House and signed
by the Director, FEMA, to deny a Governor's request
for a major disaster or emergency declaration.
VIOLATION The failure of a structure or other development to be
fully compliant with the community's floodplain
management regulations. A structure or other
development without the elevation certificate, other
certifications, or other evidence of compliance required
is presumed to be in violation until such time as that
documentation is provided.
VULNERABILITY ANALYSIS Identifies what is susceptible to damage. Should
provide information on extent of the vulnerable zone;
population, in terms of size and types that could be
expected to be within the vulnerable zone; private and
public property that may be damaged, including
essential support systems and transportation corridors;
and environment that may be affected, and impact on
sensitive natural areas and endangered species.
WETLANDS Areas that are inundated or saturated at a frequency
and for a duration sufficient to support a prow, ence of
vegetative or aquatic life requiring saturated or
seasonally saturated soil conditions for growth and
reproduction.
ZONING ORDINANCE An ordinance under the State or local government's
police power that divides an area into districts and,
within each district, regulates the use of land and
buildings, height, and bulk of buildings or other
structures, and the density of population.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ....................................... vi
BASIC PLAN
I. INTRODUCTION.........................................1
A. PURPOSE.........................................1
B. SCOPE...........................................2
C. METHODOLOGY....................................3
II. SITUATION
A.
6
HAZARD ANALYSIS..................................6
B. GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION .......................... 38
C. DEMOGRAPHICS...................................44
D. ECONOMIC PROFILE ................................ 47
E. EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT SUPPORT FACILITIES .......... 48
F. PLANNING ASSUMPTIONS ............................ 50
III. CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS................................51
A. LEVELS OF DISASTER...............................51
B. GENERAL........................................52
C. ORGANIZATION...................................54
D. DIRECTION & CONTROL ........................... .. 61
E. NOTIFICATION AND WARNING ......................... 69
F. Response Actions .................................. 72
1. General ..................................... 72
2. Evacuation ................................... 75
3. Sheltering...................................90
G. Recovery Actions .................................. 93
1. Initial Actions ................................. 93
2. Continuing Actions ............................. 93
IV. RESPONSIBILITIES 94
A. General..........................................94
B. Indian River County ................................. 95
C. Special Districts .................................... 96
D. State of Florida . .................................. 97
E. Federal Government ................................. 98
V. FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT POLICY .......................... 98
A. Assumptions......................................98
B. Expenditure of Funds ................................ 99
Table of Contents (continued)
LIST OF APPENDICES
APPENDIX A
LIST OF ACRONYMS
APPENDIX B
GLOSSARY OF TERMS
APPENDIX C
COMPENDIUM OF EMERGENCY AUTHORITIES AND DIRECTIVES
APPENDIX D
INDIAN RIVER COUNTY EMERGENCY OPERATIONS CENTER
SUGGESTED OPERATING PROCEDURES
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Table of Contents (continued)
Page
ANNEX -I: RESPONSE FUNCTIONS
Transportation - (ESF #1) ................................. ESF #1-1
Communications - (ESF #2) ................................ ESF #2-1
Public Works and Engineering - (ESF #3) ....................... ESF #3-1
Firefighting - (ESF #4) .................................... ESF #4-1
Information and Planning - (ESF# 5) ..........................
ESF # 5-1
Mass Care - (ESF # 6) ....................................
ESF #6-1
Resource Support - (ESF # 7) ...............................
ESF # 7-1
Health and Medical Services - (ESF #8) ........................ESF 8-1
Search and Rescue - (ESF #9) .............................. ESF #9-1
Hazardous Materials - (ESF #10) ........................... ESF #10-1
Food and Water - (ESF #11) .............................. ESF #11-1
Energy and Utilities - (ESF #12) ............................ ESF #12-1
Military Support-(ESF#13) .. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • ESF#13-1
Public Information - (ESF #14) .............................ESF 14-1
Volunteers and Donations - (ESF #15) .......................ESF 15-1
Law Enforcement and Security - (ESF #16) .. • • • • • • • • • . ESF #16-1
Animal Care - (ESF #17) ................................. ESF #17-1
Special Needs Care - (
ESF #18) ............................ ESF #18-1
Emergency Medical Services - (ESF #19) ...................... ESF #19-1
ANNEX II: RECOVERY AND MITIGATION ACTIONS
I. INTRODUCTION.........................................1
IL GENERAL RECOVERY FUNCTIONS ............................1
III. DAMAGE ASSESSMENT FUNCTIONS .......................... 6
IV. HUMAN SERVICES.......................................8
V. INFRASTRUCTURE (Public Assistance Program) .................. 12
VI. NATIONAL FLOOD INSURANCE PROGRAM (NFIP) ................ 17
VII. HAZARD MITIGATION PROGRAM ........................... 18
General..............................................18
Team Process ......................................... 19
Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS) ............................. 20
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SUPPLEMENTAL ANNEXES
Annex III
Indian River County Interface with State Rapid Impact Assessment Teams
Annex IV
Damage Assessment Guide
Annex V
Emergency Shelter Plan
Annex VI
General Office Procedures During EOC Activation
Annex VII
Critical Facilities Inventory
Annex VIII
Evacuation and Reentry Plan
Annex IX
Emergency Telecommunications Notification "Call -Down" System User Guide
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP)
is an operations oriented document authorized by the Board of County
Commissioners and is in accordance with Chapter 252, Florida Statutes. The
CEMP establishes the framework for an effective system to ensure that Indian
River County will be adequately prepared to deal with the occurrence of
emergencies and disasters. The plan outlines the roles and responsibilities of
the state agencies, special districts, local governments and volunteer
organizations. The CEMP unites the efforts of these groups for a
comprehensive approach to reduce the County's vulnerability to a host of
identified hazards.
This plan is structured to parallel federal activities set forth in the "Federal
Response Plan" and state activities in the State "Comprehensive Emergency
Plan" as well as describing how other resources will be coordinated to
supplement County resources and response.
The CEMP is divided into three sections:
1. The Basic Plan section outlines the concept of operations, direction
and control, and identifies responsibilities of all agencies and
resources mobilized by the County in recovering from a disaster.
The Response section presents the County's strategy for disa :ter
response. It outlines the Emergency Support Function (ESF)
concept taken from the Federal Response Plan. Each ESF, at a
minimum, contains a concept of operations and the responsibilities
of the primary and support agencies that will respond to local
government requests.
The Recovery section provides for the rapid and orderly start of
rehabilitation and restoration of persons and property affected by
a disaster.
Following Hurricane Andrew, recommendations from the " Governor's Disaster
Planning and Response Roview Committee Report" (The Lewis Report), guided
revisions that were made to Chapter 252, F.S. The Basic Plan contains a
planning strategy section that describes initiatives that are currently underway
to ensure that the mandates of the law become operational.
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This plan replaces the Florida Nuclear Civil Protection Plan and the Florida
Peacetime Emergency Plan. It does not supplant the Hazardous Materials Plan,
which is not an operations -oriented document, nor the Florida Radiological
Emergency Management Plan for Nuclear Power Plants, which was developed
for response to radiological incidents under separate state and federal statutory
authorities. However, this plan may be used to supplement the Florida
Radiological Emergency Management Plan for Nuclear Power Plants, in order to
provide a comprehensive response.
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THE INDIAN RIVER COUNTY
COMPREHENSIVE EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN
BASIC PLAN
INTRODUCTION
Chapter 252, Florida Statutes (State Emergency Management Act), requires the
preparation and maintenance of this document, the Indian River County
Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP). The CEMP must be
integrated into and coordinated with emergency management plans and
programs of the state and federal government. The CEMP also establishes a
framework through which Indian River County may prepare for, respond to,
recover from, and mitigate the impacts of a wide variety of disasters that could
adversely affect the health, safety and/ or general welfare of the residents of
Indian River County.
The CEMP is operations -oriented, and addresses coordinated local and regional
evacuation, shelter, post -disaster response and recovery; rapid deployment and
pre -deployment of resources; communications and warning systems; training
exercises to determine the ability of local government to respond to
emergencies; and clearly defined responsibilities for County departments
through an Emergency Support Function (ESF) approach to planning and
operations.
The CEMP describes the basic strategies, assumptions and mechanisms through
which the County will mobilize resources and conduct activities to gu.de and
support local emergency management efforts through response and recovery.
To facilitate effective intergovernmental operations, the CEMP adopts a
functional approach that groups the type of assistance to be provided under
ESFs to address the functional needs of the County. Each ESF is headed by a
lead agency, which has been selected based on its authorities, resources, and
capabilities in the functional area. The ESFs serve as the primary mechanism
through which outside assistance to Indian River County is managed. State
assistance will be provided under the overall coordination authority of the State
Coordinating Officer (SCO) representing the Florida Division of Emergency
Management (FDEM), Department of Community Affairs (DCA), on behalf of the
Governor.
A. PURPOSE
The plan establishes a framework for an effective system of
comprehensive emergency management enabling the Indian River County
Board of County Commissioners to discharge its statutory responsibility
for providing direction and control during the period of any emergency.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 1
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The purpose of the plan is to:
1. Reduce the vulnerability of people and communities of this county
to damage, injury, and loss of life and property resulting from
natural, technological or manmade emergencies, catastrophes, or
hostile military or paramilitary action.
2. Prepare for prompt and efficient response and recovery to protect
lives and property affected by emergencies.
3. Respond to emergencies using all systems, plans and resources
necessary to preserve the health, safety and welfare of persons
affected by the emergency.
4. Recover from emergencies by providing for the rapid and orderly
start of restoration and rehabilitation of persons and property
affected by emergencies.
5. Provide an emergency management system embodying all aspects
of pre -emergency preparedness and post -emergency response,
recovery, and mitigation.
6. Assist in anticipation, recognition, appraisal, prevention, and
mitigation of emergencies that may be caused or aggravated by
inadequate planning for, and regulation of, public and pri late
facilities and land use.
B. SCOPE
This plan is county -wide in scope and is supported by the five
municipalities. The scope of this plan is to accomplish the following:
1. Establishes fundamental policies, program strategies, and
assumptions;
2. Establishes a concept of operations spanning the direction and
control of an emergency from initial monitoring through post -
disaster response and recovery;
3. Defines an interagency coordination mechanism to facilitate
delivery of immediate county assistance, and County direction and
control of response and recovery assistance from other counties,
states, and the federal government;
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 2
4. Assigns specific functional responsibilities to appropriate County
departments and agencies, as well as private sector groups and
volunteer organizations;
5. Addresses the various types of emergencies (more specifically
described in Section II -A, Hazard Analysis) which are likely to
occur, from county emergency, to minor, major, or catastrophic
disasters; and
6. Identifies actions that County response and recovery organizations
will take, in coordination with county and federal counterparts as
appropriate.
C. METHODOLOGY
The Emergency Management staff carefully analyzed Florida's
Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan to assure the
county's plan was consistent with and supportive of the state plan
in both format and content. To conform with the compliance
criteria, the following actions were taken:
a. All ESF primary and support agencies were identified,
including public, private and volunteer.
b. All agencies were assembled. All agencies provided input
and support in the construction of the plan.
C. A series of meetings was held to assure local participation
in the planning process.
d. All involved departments demonstrated their support in the
planning process, not by letter, but by their personal
participation in planning meetings.
e. Ali agencies reviewed the final draft of the plan and
accepted the responsibilities assigned to them by the plan.
f. Rosters of orientation seminars on concepts of operations
or plan procedures are not attached to or an integral part of
this formal plan; however, they are kept on file in the office
of Emergency Management.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 3
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g. A signed receipt is maintained for all recipients of the
CEMP. The distribution list is attached to this document
and identified as Figure 1.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 4
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Figure 1
CEMP DISTRIBUTION LIST
AGENCY DIVISION
INDIAN RIVER COUNTY ATTORNEY'S OFFICE
BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS
BUILDINGS & GROUNDS
BUILDING DIVISION
CLERK OF COURT
COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
COUNTY ADMINISTRATOR
DEPARTMENT OF EMERGENCY SERVICES
AnimdContra
EV= M -9W -dmDE—q-.r M Akal 5-1..
FYI S. -k..
MM -1 Sullen
Radiological
ELECTION'S OFFICE
ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
GENERAL SERVICES
OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT & BUDGET
PARKS DIVISION
PERSONNEL DIVISION
PROPERTY APPRAISER'S OFFICE
PUBLIC HEALTH UNIT
PUBLIC WORKS
PURCHASING
RECREATION
RISK MANAGEMENT
ROAD & BRIDGE
SCHOOLBOARD
F.,614. h4n p r
SYDVN1—d-1
Tr.n\DOrl lbn [IM ctor
SHERIFF'S OFFICE
SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL DISTRICT
TAX COLLECTOR
TELECOMMUNICATIONS
TRAFFIC ENGINEERING
UTILITIES
FELLSMERE, CITY OF MAYOR
POLICE CHIEF
INDIAN RIVER MEMORIAL HOSPITAL RISK MANAGER
INDIAN RIVER SHORES, TOWN OF MAYOR
PUBLIC SAFETY CHIEF
TOWN MANAGER
ORCHID, TOWN OF MAYOR
TOWN MANAGER
SEBASTIAN, CITY OF CITY MANAGER
EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
MAYOR
POLICE CHIEF
SEBASTIAN INLET STATE PARK PARK MANAGER
SEBASTIAN RIVER MEDICAL CENTER ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICES
VERO BEACH, CITY OF MAYOR
POLICE CHIEF
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 5
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h. All future amendments to this plan will be made in
addendum form to recipients of the plan.
2. This document has been approved by the Indian River County
Board of County Commissioners and a current signed resolution
can be found in the Compendium of Authorities (Appendix C).
Their approval establishes this plan as official policy for all
participating departments/agencies.
SITUATION
This section of the CEMP provides a description of the potential hazard
considerations, geographic characteristics, demographics, economic profile and
emergency management support facilities for Indian River County. Additionally,
there are several planning assumptions that were considered in the planning
process. For a complete vulnerability assessment, see the Indian River County
Local Mitigation Strategy.
A. HAZARD ANALYSIS
Communities in Indian River County are vulnerable to three classifications
of hazards: natural, technological, and societal as identified below. A
chart depicting the hazard vulnerability by jurisdiction and population
centers is included in the county's Local Mitigation Strategy.
Natural Hazards
a. Hurricanes/Tropical Storms
Hurricanes are tropical cyclones with winds that exceed 74
mph and circulate counter -clockwise about their centers in
the Northern Hemisphere. They are formed from simple
thunderstorms; however, these thunderstorms can only
grow to hurricane strength with favorable conditions in the
ocean and atmosphere. The heat and moisture from this
eivarm water are ultimately the source of energy for
hurricanes, which weaken rapidly when they travel over
land or colder ocean waters (University of Illinois).
When a hurricane threatens the coast, advisories are issued
by the National Hurricane center. The storm's current
location and intensity are described along with its projected
path. Advisories are issued at 6 -hour intervals: 5:00 a.m.,
11:00 a.m., 5:00 p.m. and 11:00 p.m., Eastern Time.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 6
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7
In addition to the advisories, the National Hurricane Center
may issue a hurricane watch or warning. A hurricane watch
indicates that hurricane conditions are a possibility and may
threaten the area within 36 hours. A hurricane warning is
issued when winds of at least 74 mph are expected in the
area within 24 hours.
Advisories and hurricane watches and warnings will
frequently refer to the category of the storm. Hurricanes
are classified using the Saffir-Simpson scale as follows:
Category 1: Winds 74 to 95 mph
Category 2: Winds 96 to 110 mph
Category 3: Winds 111 to 130 mph
Category 4: Winds 131 to 155 mph
Category 5: Winds exceeding 155 mph
On average, 1.6 hurricanes strike the U.S. every year and
cause $1.2 billion in damages. Severe (category 3, 4 or 5
on the Saffir-Simpson scale) strike the U.S. on the average
of one every 5.75 years. Experts sometimes disagree on
the annual cost: however, all sources agree that Hurricane
Andrew is the most costly recent hurricane event to affect
the U.S. Most sources report that the cost of Hurricane
Andrew exceeded $25 billion (National Climatic Data
Center, 1998).
High winds, storm surge, powerful waves, torrential rain,
tornadoes, and high tide combined give hurricanes the
potential to create mass devastation and huge losses to
property. The greatest threat to life and property
associated with a hurricane or tropical storm is storm surge.
Storm surge is a large dome of water often 50 to 100 miles
wide that sweeps across the coastline near where a
hurricane made landfall. The surge of high water, topped
by waves, can be extremely destructive to coastal regions,
even if they are protected by vegetation -topped dunes. The
stronger the hurricane and the shallower the offshore water,
the higher the surge will be. In addition, if the storm surge
arrives at the same time as the high tide, the surge height
will be even greater ( National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration).
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 7
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410
High winds associated with hurricanes can be the source of
great destruction. The wind alone can lead to flying debris,
including tree limbs and branches, signs, roofing, and metalsiding, all of which move through the air like missiles. Highwindsalso can destroy poorly constructed buildings and
mobile homes.
Once wind and rain has penetrated the
secure envelope of a structure (doors, windows, garage
doors, and roofs), the chances of the structure surviving the
hurricane greatly diminish.
Tornadoes and torrential rainfall add to the life-threatening
and damaging effects of a hurricane. Six to 12 inches of
rain or more can fall on an area as the storm passes,
causing flooding and flash floods. Tornadoes produced by
hurricanes occur most frequently in rain bands well away
from the center of the hurricane. Damage from a tornado
results from the high wind velocity and wind-blown debris.
Crop damage is another powerful effect of hurricanes andtropicalstorms. Recently, Tropical Storm Mitch dropped as
much as 10 inches of rain in some south Florida areas,
which resulted in approximately $20 million in crop damage
in Palm Beach County alone (The Associated Press, 1998).
According to the 1997 Florida Statistical Abstract, of Indian
River County's 311,112 total land acreage, 174,673 acres
are farmland. With 54% of its land area being fi.rmed,
Indian River County is particularly vulnerable to crop
damage resulting from the wind and rain from hurricanes
and tropical storms.
Florida is the most vulnerable state in the nation to the
impacts of tropical storms. The topography of south central
Florida makes it particularly vulnerable to the effects of
hurricanes and tropical storms; this area is primarily a flat,
low-lying plain. The potential for property damage and
human casualties is increased by the rapid growth of the
county, particularly in the most vulnerable areas long the
ane
shoreline, combined with complacency by
infrequency.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan
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Flooding
Riverine flooding occurs when the flow of rainwater runoff
exceeds the carrying capacities of the natural drainage
systems. During extended periods of heavy rainfall, certain
low-lying neighborhoods within the county are subject to
considerable flood damage and isolation caused by the
inability of natural and mechanical drainage systems to
effectively remove the water. Heavy rainfalls can cause
considerable damage to the county infrastructure of
roadbeds, bridges, drainage systems and the water supply.
The buildup of uncontrolled sediment contributes to the
problem of inadequate drainage in natural and mechanical
drainage systems. When a storm produces an
overwhelming amount of stormwater runoff, the
accumulation of loose sediment causes flooding by clogging
the drainage systems.
In comparison to riverine flooding, coastal flooding is usually
the result of a severe weather system such as a tropical
storm or hurricane. The damaging effects of coastal floods
are caused by a combination of storm surge, wind, rain,
erosion, and battering by debris. All coastal property and
inhabitants are subject to severe damage and loss of like
resulting from floods caused by hurricane associated storm
surge. Some coastal property, road arteries, and bridge
approaches are subject to severe flooding caused by rare
astronomical tides as well.
In Indian River County, several variations of flood hazards
occur due to the different effects of severe thunderstorms,
hurricanes, seasonal rains, and other weather related
conditions. For the majority of the county, the primary
causes of flooding are hurricanes or tropical storms.
However, the county's low-lying topography, combined
with its subtropical climate, makes it vulnerable to riverine
flooding.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 9
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C. Severe Thunderstorms and Lightning
A severe thunderstorm is defined as a thunderstorm
containing one or more of the following phenomena: hail
3/4 inch or greater, winds gusting in excess of 57.5 mph,
and/or a tornado (National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration, National Weather Service, 1994). Severe
weather can include lightning, tornadoes, damaging straight-
line winds, and large hail. Most individual thunderstorms
only last several minutes; however, some can last several
hours.
Long-lived thunderstorms are called supercell
thunderstorms. A supercell is a thunderstorm that has a
persistent rotating updraft. This rotation maintains the
energy release of the thunderstorm over a much long time
than typical, pulse -type thunderstorms which occur in the
summer months. Supercell thunderstorms are responsible
for producing the majority of severe weather, such as large
hail and tornadoes (National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration). Downbursts are also occasionally
associated with severe thunderstorms. A downburst is a
strong downdraft resulting in an outward burst of damaging
winds on or near the ground. Downburst winds can
produce damage similar to a strong tornado.
AM ough
usually associated with thunderstorms, downbursts can
occur with showers too weak to produce thunder (National
Oceanic Atmospheric Administration). Strong squall lines
can also produce widespread severe weather, primarily very
strong winds and/or microbursts.
When a severe thunderstorm approaches, the National
Weather Service will issue an advisory. According to the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration NWS
1994) two possible advisories are as follows:
Severe Thunderstorm Watch:
Conditions are favorable for the development of
severe thunderstorms.
Severe Thunderstorm Warning:
Severe weather is imminent or occurring in the area.
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1) Lightning
Perhaps the most dangerous and costly effect of
thunderstorms is lightning. As a thunderstorm
grows, electrical charges build up within the cloud.
Oppositely charged particles gather at the ground
below. The attraction between positive and negative
charges quickly grows strong enough to overcome
the air's resistance to electrical flow. Racing toward
each other, the charges connect and complete the
electrical circuit. Charge then surges upward from
the ground at nearly one-third the speed of light and
produces a bright flash of lightning (Cappella, 1997).
On average, more people are killed by lightning that
any other weather event. Florida leads the nation in
lightning related deaths and injuries (National
Lightning Safety Institute). Most lightning strike
fatalities occur in June, July and August. Florida also
has the most strikes, about 12 strikes per square
kilometer per year in some places (National Lightning
Safety Institute). Nationwide, lightning -related
economic losses amount to more than $5 billion per
year, and the airline industry alone loses
approximately $2 billion a year in operating costs, end
passenger delays from lightning (National Lightning
Safety Institute).
Wildfire/Urban Interface Zone
The recent wildfires that burned throughout Florida,
specifically central Florida, are examples of the increasing
wildfire threat which results from the Wildland/Urban
Interface. The Wildland/Urban Interface is defined as the
area where structures and other human development meet
with undeveloped wildland or vegetative fuels (Federal
Emergency Management Agency, 1996). As residential
areas expand into relatively untouched wildlands, people
living in these communities are increasingly threatened by
forest fires.
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There are three different classes of wildland fires: surface,
ground, and crown. A surface fire is the most common
type and burns along the floor of a forest, moving slowly
and killing or damaging trees. A ground fire is usually
started by lightning and burns on or below the forest floor.
Crown fires spread rapidly by wind and move quickly by
jumping along the tops of trees.
Rural and large tracts of unimproved lands are susceptible
to brush and forest fires capable of threatening life, safety,
and property loss in adjacent developed areas if not
effectively controlled. Wildfires are caused by numerous
sources including arson, smoker carelessness, individuals
burning debris, equipment throwing sparks, and children
playing with matches. However, the largest number of fires
is caused by lightning strikes and coincides with the height
of the thunderstorm season. A major wildland fire can
leave a large amount of scorched and barren land, and these
areas may not return to pre -fire conditions for decades. If
the wildland fire destroys the ground cover, other potential
hazards may develop (e. g.,
erosion) (Federal Emergency
Management Agency, 1998).
However, some plant and animal communities in south
central Florida have come to depend on frequent lightnin j -
ignited wildfires for their continued existence. Many
threatened and endangered species depend on the periodic
burning of defense scrub.
Fire suppression and landscape
fragmentation have disrupted this natural cycle, but
prescribed burns provide the missing link.
Structures in the Wildland/Urban Interface zone are
vulnerable to ignition by three different ways: radiation,
convection, and firebrands (National Wildland/Urban
Interface Fire Protection Program). Radiating heat from a
wildfire can cause ignition by exposure to the structure.
The chances of ignition increase as the size of the flames
increases, surface areas exposed to flames increases, length
of exposure time increases, and distance between the
structure and the flames decreases.
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Another source of ignition by wildfire is convection.
Ignition of a structure by convection requires the flame to
come in contact with the structure. Contact with the
convection column is generally not hot enough to ignite a
structure. Clearing to prevent flame contact with the
structure must include any materials capable of producing
even small flames. Wind will tilt the flame and the
convection column uphill, increasing the chance of igniting
a structure.
Firebrands also pose a threat to structures in the
Wildland/Urban Interface zone. A firebrand is a piece of
burning material that detaches from a fire due to strong
convection drafts in the burning area. They can be carried
a long distance (around 1 mile) by fire drafts and winds.
The change of these firebrands igniting a structure depends
on the size of the firebrand, how long it burns after contact,
and the materials, design and construction of the structure.
One-third of Indian River County's total land is protected by
the Division of Forestry and/or federal fire control personnel;
however, due to limited state and federal resources, the
Indian River County Emergency Services Fire Division
responds to most wildfires and is supported by the Florida
Division of Forestry. Most wildfires in the county occ it in
Florida's dry season, from January through May.
1) Muck Fires
A muck fire is a fire that consumes all the organic
material of the fores floor and also burns into the
underlying soil. It differs from a surface fire by being
invulnerable to winds. If the fire gets deep into the
ground, it could smoulder for several years. In a
surface fire, the flames are visible and burning is
accelerated by wird; whereas, in a muck firewind is
not generally a serious factor (Canadian Soil
Information System, 1996).
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Muck fires are not a frequent threat to Florida.
However, during a drought in the 1980's fires in the
Everglades consumed the rich, dried out muck that
had once been the bottom of the swamp. These
fires burned deep into the ground and required
alternative fire -fighting techniques to extinguish
them.
Tornado
A tornado is a violent windstorm characterized by a
twisting, funnel -shaped cloud extending to the ground. It
is generated by a thunderstorm or hurricane when cool air
overrides a layer of warm air, forcing the warm air to rise
rapidly. The most common type of tornado, the relatively
weak and short-lived type, occurs in the warm season with
June being the peak month. The strongest, most deadly
tornadoes occur in the cool season, from December through
April (Florida Department of Community Affairs, 1998).
Occasional wind storms accompanied by tornadoes, such
as the winter storm of 1993, are also widespread and
destructive.
The damage from a tornado is a result of the high wind
velocity and wind-blown debris. Florida's average i 54
tornadoes annually since 1959, causing an average of two
fatalities and 69 injuries each year (Florida Department of
Community Affairs, 1998). Indian River County's
vulnerability to tornadoes is compounded by the high
concentration of mobile home residents in large mobile
home communities.
The National Weather Service issues two types of alerts:
A Tornado Watch means that conditions are
favorable for tornadoes to develop; and
A Tornado Warning means that a tornado has
actually been sighted.
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L-1
Extreme Temperatures
1) Freezing Temperatures
Florida has experienced many severe freezes that
have resulted in the loss of the majority of winter
crops. Freezes pose a major hazard to the agriculture
industry in Indian River County and are a significant
threat to its economic vitality. According to the
Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services,
moderate freezes occur every one to two years in the
state. Severe freezes may be expected on an
average of once every 15 to 20 years ( Florida
Department of Community Affairs, 1998). Since
December 1889, there have been at least 22
recorded severe freezes (Florida Department of
Community Affairs); the most recent being in 1996,
when a Presidential Disaster Declaration was issued
for crop losses exceeding $90 billion. During this
event, there was extensive loss of citrus trees
throughout the state and the majority have not been
replanted.
Freezing conditions primarily affect agriculture and
homeless indigents. When conditions are pred ted
to be below freezing, shelters may be opened.
2) Extreme Heat
Temperatures that remain 10°F or more above the
average high temperature for a region and last for
several weeks are defined as extreme heat (Federal
Emergency Management Agency, 1996). Humid
conditions, which add to the discomfort of high
temperatures, occur when an area of high
atmospheric pressure traps hazy, damp air near the
ground. The highest temperature ever recorded in
the state was on June 29, 1931 at 103°F in
Monticello at an elevation of 207 ft (NCDC, 1996).
In a normal year, approximately 175 Americans die
of extreme heat. However, in 1995 the death toil
was 1,021 (National Oceanic Atmospheric
Administration, 1997).
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Human bodies dissipate heat in one of three ways: by
varying the rate and depth of blood circulation; by
losing water through the skin and sweat glands; and
by panting. As the blood is heated to above 98.6°F,
the heart begins to pump more blood, blood vessels
dilate to accommodate the increased flow, and the
bundles of tiny capillaries penetrating through the
upper layers of skin are put into operation. The
body's blood is circulated closer to the surface, and
excess heat is released into the cooler atmosphere.
At the same time, water diffuses through the skin as
perspiration. The skin handles about 90% of the
body's heat dissipating function (Darling).
Heat disorders generally have to do with a reduction
or collapse of the body's ability to cool itself by
circulatory changes and sweating, or a chemical (salt)
imbalance caused by too much sweating. When the
body cannot cool itself, or when it cannot
compensate for fluids and salt lost through
perspiration, the temperature of the body's inner core
begins to rise and heat -related illness may develop.
Studies indicate that, other things being equal, the
severity of heat disorders tends to increase with age.
Heat cramps in a 17 -year-old may be heat exh iustion
in someone 40, and heat stroke in a person over 60
Darling).
When the temperature gets extremely high, the
National Weather Service has increased its efforts to
alert the general public as well as the appropriate
authorities by issuing Special Weather Statements.
Residents should heed these warnings to prevent
heat related medical complications. As a result of
the latest research findings, the National Weather
Service has devised the "Heat Index" (HI). The HI,
given in degrees Fahrenheit, is an accurate measure
of how hot it really feels when relative humidity is
added to the actual air temperature. The National
Weather Service will initiate alert procedures when
the HI is expected to exceed 105°F for a least two
consecutive days. Possible heat disorders related to
the corresponding HI are listed below (Darling).
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Heat Index of 130°F or Higher:
Heatstroke/sunstroke highly likely with
continued exposure
Heat Index of 105°F -130°F:
Sunstroke, heat cramps, and heat exhaustion
likely and heatstroke possible with prolonged
exposure and/or physical activity
Heat Index of 90°F -105°F:
Sunstroke, heat cramps, and heat aAhaustion
with prolonged exposure and/or physical
activity
Heat Index of 80°F -90°F:
Fatigue possible with prolonged exposure
and/or physical activity
g. Erosion
1) Soil Erosion
Soil erosion is the deterioration of soil by the physical
movement of soil particles from a given site. Wind,
water, animals, and the use of tools by man may all
be reasons for erosion. The two most powerful
erosion agents are wind and water but in most cases
these are damaging only after man, animals, insect s,
diseases, or fire have removed or depleted natural
vegetation. Accelerated erosion caused by human
activity is the most serious form of soil erosion, and
can occur so rapidly that surface soil may sometimes
be blown or washed away down to the bedrock.
Undisturbed by man, soil is usually covered by shrubs
and trees, dead and decaying leaves, or a thick mat
of grass. Whatever the vegetation, it protects the
soil when rain falls or wind blows. Root systems of
plants hold soil together. Even in drought, the roots
of native grasses, which extend several feet into the
ground, help tie down the soil and keep it from
blowing away. With its covering of vegetation
stripped away, soil is vulnerable to damage. Whether
the plant cover is disturbed by cultivation, grazing,
deforestation, burning, or bulldozing, once the soil is
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bare to the erosive action of wind and water, the
slow rate of natural erosion is greatly increased.
Losses of soil take place much faster than new soil
can be created. With the destruction of soil
structure, eroded land is even more susceptible to
erosion.
The occurrence of erosion has greatly increased,
usually at a rate at which soils cannot be sustained
by natural soil regeneration. This is because of the
activities of modern development and population
growth, particularly agricultural intensification. It is
also in the field of agriculture that most efforts have
been made to conserve soils, with mixed success
Union of International Associations).
Particles scattered by erosion can also cause
problems elsewhere. Stormwater drainage systems,
both natural and mechanical, are frequently clogged
by loose sediment. If drainage systems are not
cleared of uncontrolled sediment on a regular basis,
they lose function.
2) Beach Erosion
Wind, waves, and longshore currents are the driving
forces behind coastal erosion. This removal and
deposition of sand permanently changes beach shape
and structure (Sea Grant Haznet, 1998). Most
beaches, if left along to natural processes,
experience natural shoreline retreat. As houses,
highways, seawalls, and other structures are
constructed on or close to the beach, the natural
shoreline retreat processes are interrupted. The
beach jams up against these man-made obstacles
and narrows considerably as the built-up structures
prevent the beach from moving naturally inland.
When buildings are constructed close to the
shoreline, coastal property soon becomes threatened
by erosion.
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The need for shore protection often results in
hardening" the coast with a structure such as a
seawall or revetment.
A seawall is a large concrete wall designed to protect
buildings or other man-made structures from beach
erosion. A revetment is a cheaper option
constructed with "rip rap" such as large boulders,
concrete rubble, or even old tires. Although these
structures may serve to protect beachfront property
for a while, the resulting disruption of the natural
coastal processes has serious consequences for all
beaches in the area. Seawalls inhibit the natural
ability of the beach to adjust its slope to the ever
changing ocean wave conditions. Large waves wash
up against the seawall and rebound back out to sea
carrying large quantities of beach sand with them.
With each storm the beach narrows, sand is lost to
deeper water, and the longshore current scours the
base of the wall. Eventually, large waves impact the
seawall with such force that a bigger structure
becomes necessary to continue to resist the forces of
the ocean Wilkey and Dixon, 1996).
Agricultural Pest and Disease
Florida is among the tope three agriculture -producing states
in the nation. Agriculture generates farm cash receipts of
nearly $6 billion annually, of which citrus and vegetable
crops contribute more than 40%. The industry is
susceptible to many hazards including freezes, droughts,
and exotic pests or diseases. Agricultural crops are grown
throughout the state and every region is vulnerable to the
effects of an exotic pest or disease infestation. As a result,
Florida uses the second highest volume of pesticides in the
nation.
Agriculture and citrus production play a key role in the
Indian River County economy; 54% of the county is
farmland. The 1992 Census of Agriculture from the U.S.
Department of Commerce valued Indian River County farms
at $625 million with an annual production market value of
145 million.
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The main threats to the Indian River County agriculture
industry are 1) citrus canker, 2), Mediterranean fruit fly
medfly), 3) Sugarcane pests, and 4) Tomato Yellow Leaf
Curl Virus (TYLCV).
1) Citrus Canker
Citrus canker has been found in Dade County and the
potential for its spread to other counties is high.
Citrus canker is a bacterial disease of citrus that
causes premature leaf and fruit drop. It affects all
types of citrus, including oranges, sour oranges,
grapefruit, tangerines, lemons and limes. Symptoms
found on leaves and fruit are brown, raised lesions
surrounded by an oily, water -soaked areas and a
yellow ring or halo (Florida Department of Agriculture
and Consumer Services).
There is no known chemical compound that will
destroy the citrus canker bacteria. In order to
eradicate the disease, infected trees must be cut
down and disposed of properly. If is a highly
contagious disease that can be spread rapidly by
windborne rain, lawnmowers and other landscal-ing
equipment, animals and birds, people carrying the
infection on their hands or clothing, and moving
infected or exposed plants or plant parts (Florida
Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services).
2) Mediterranean Fruit Fly (Medfly)
Another threat to Indian River County's agriculture
industry is the medfly. It is one of the world's most
destructive pests and infests more than 250 different
plants that are important for U.S. food producers,
homeowners, and wildlife. It is considered the
greatest pest threat to Florida's $1.5 billion citrus
crop, as well as endangering many other
economically significant crops (Florida Department of
Agriculture and Consumer Services). For example, a
medfly outbreak in 1997 cost an estimated $26
million to eradicate (Florida Department of
Community Affairs, 1998).
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If a long-term or widespread medfly infestation was
to occur, Florida growers would not be permitted to
ship numerous fruit and vegetable crops to many
foreign and domestic markets. The movement of
fruits and vegetables, even within the state, would
be disrupted which could lead to higher prices in the
supermarket. Costly post-harvest treatment of fruits
and vegetables to meet quarantine restrictions of
domestic and foreign markets would also be required.
If the medfly is not eradicated in Florida, on-going
pesticide treatments by homeowners and commercial
growers will be necessary.
Adult medflies are up to 1/4" long, black with yellow
abdomens, and have yellow marks on their thoraxes.
Their wings are banded with yellow. The female
Medfly damages produce by laying eggs in the host
fruit or vegetable. The resulting larvae feed on the
pulp, rendering the produce unfit for human
consumption. In addition to citrus, medflies will feed
on hundreds of other commercial backyard fruit and
vegetable crops.
Because medflies are not strong fliers, the pest is
spread by the transport of larval -infested fruit. The
major threats come from travelers, the U.S. mail, and
commercial fruit smugglers. Several steps have been
taken to prevent new infestations. State and federal
officials are working with postal authorities to
develop ways to inspect packages suspected of
carrying infested fruit. In addition, public education
eYrorts carrying the message, "Don't Spread Med"
are being expanded (Florida Department of
Agriculture and Consumer Services).
3) Sugarcane Pests
Changes in sugarcane agriculture, including new
disease and insect pests, have seriously impacted the
quality of cane and juice delivered to the mill for
processing. These changing developments affect the
level of sucrose, purity, fiber, and color of cane
resulting in a loss of sugar and decrease in the
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quantity and quality of sugar produced (Legendre et.
al, 1998).
4) Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus (TYLCY)
The Tomato Yellow Leaf Curt Virus is believed to
have entered the state in Dade County sometime in
early 1997 (Florida Department of Agriculture and
Consumer Services, 1997). Symptoms vary among
tomato types, but in general leaves produced shortly
after infection are reduced in size, distorted, cupped
inward or downward, and have a yellow mottle.
Fewer than one in 10 flowers will produce fruit after
TYLCV infection, severely reducing yields.
The virus is transmitted by adult silverleaf whiteflies.
Although frequent applications of pesticides help to
decrease whitefly populations and suppress the
spread of TYLCV, virus management through
whitefly control is not possible in years where
whitefly populations are high. Fortunately, the virus
is not transmitted through seed or casual contact
with infected plants.
Drought
Drought is a normal, recurrent feature of climate, although
many perceive it as a rare and random event. In fact, each
year some part of the U.S. has severe or extreme drought.
Although it has many definitions, drought originates from a
deficiency of precipitation over an extended period of time,
usually a season or more (National Drought Mitigation
Center, 1998). It produces a complex web of impacts that
spans many sectors of the economy and reaches well
beyond the area producing physical drought. This
complexity exists because water is essential to our ability
to produce goods and provide services (National Drought
Mitigation Center, 1998).
A few examples of direct impacts of drought are reduced
crop, rangeland, and forest productivity; increased fire
hazard; reduced water levels; increased livestock and
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wildlife mortality rates; and damage to wildlife and fish
habitat. Social impacts include public safety, health,
conflicts between water users, reduced quality of life, and
inequities in the distribution of impacts and disaster relief.
Income loss is another indicator used in assessing the
impacts of drought; reduced income for farmers has a ripple
effect throughout the region's economy (National Drought
Mitigation Center, 1998).
The web of impacts is so diffuse that it is very difficult to
come up with financial estimates of damages. However,
the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)
estimates $6-$ 8 billion in losses as the annual average
Federal Emergency Management Agency, 1995). The
worst drought in recent history occurred in 1987- 1989, and
the NCDC reports the estimated cost as $40 billion
National Drought Mitigation Center, 1998).
In Indian River County, the primary sources of water are
deep wells for utility systems and shallow wells for rural
areas. Excess water from an interconnected series of lakes,
rivers, canals and marshes flows either north to the St.
Johns River or east to the Indian River Lagoon. When this
cycle is disrupted by periods of drought, one of the
potentially most damaging effects is substantial crop loss in
the western agricultural areas of the county. In addition to
obvious losses in yields in both crop and livestock
production, drought in Indian River County is associated
with increases in insect infestations, plant disease, and
wind erosion. The incidence of forest fires increases
substantially during extended droughts, which in turn places
both human and wildlife populations at higher levels of risk.
The St. Johns River Water Management District and County
staff manage the county's water resources.
Complementing the District's water management efforts
during periods of critical water shortage, a countywide,
uniform, forceful, contingency plan is in place to effectively
restrict the use of water.
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Pandemic Outbreak/Epidemic
Infectious diseases emerging throughout history have
included some of the most feared plagues of the past. New
infections continue to emerge today, while many of the old
plagues are still with us. As demonstrated by influenza
epidemics, under suitable circumstances, a new infection
first appearing anywhere in the world could travel across
entire continents within days or weeks (Morse, 1996). Due
to the potential of complex health and medical conditions
that can threaten the general population, Florida's
vulnerability to an epidemic is continually being monitored.
With millions of tourists brriving and departing the state
annually, disease and disease exposure ( airborne, vector,
and ingestion) are constantly evaluated and analyzed
Florida Department of Community Affairs, 1998).
Primarily as a result of the entrance of undocumented aliens
into south Florida, and the large number of small wildlife,
previously controlled or eradicated diseases have surfaced.
Health officials closely monitor this potential threat to the
public health. The emphasis upon preventive medical
measures such as school inoculation, pet licensing,
rodent/insect eradication, water purification, sanitary waste
disposal, health inspections, and public health educt tion,
mitigate this potential disaster.
Another potential threat to south Florida's population is
food contamination. Frequent news stories document that
E-co/i and botulism breakouts throughout the country are
not that uncommon. Most recently, millions of pounds of
possibly contaminated beef from the Hudson packing plant
were seized by the Department of Agriculture and
destroyed.
Seismic Hazards
1) Dam/Levee Failure
Dam/levee failure poses a minor threat to population
and property in Indian River County. All dams and
levees are earthen structures and are state, regional,
local, or privately controlled. The most significant
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risk related to dam/levee failure is flooding due to
substantial rainfall and its eastward migration to final
discharge in the Indian River Lagoon. Structural and
non-structural techniques to slow and contain this
runoff incorporate several drainage systems, some
dating back to 1919. Rainfall in excess of designed
capacities could cause erosion of constructed
drainage facilities and flooding of many areas
including primary roadway evacuation routes.
2) Earthquakes
Although Florida is not usually considered to be a
state subject to earthquakes, several minor shocks
have occurred over time, but only one caused any
damage (Zirbes, 1971).
In January 1879, a shock occurred near St.
Augustine that is reported to have knocked
plaster from walls and articles from shelves.
Similar effects were reported in Daytona
Beach. The shock was felt in Tampa,
throughout central Florida, and in Savannah,
Georgia as well (Zirbes, 1971).
In January 1880, another earthquake
occurred. This time Cuba was the focal point.
Shock waves were sent as far north as the
town of Key West, Florida (Zirbes, 1971).
In August 1886, Charleston, South Carolina
was the center of a shock that was felt
throughout northern Florida. It rang church
bells in St. Augustine and severely jolted other
towns along sections of Florida's east coast.
Jacksonville residents felt many of the strong
after shocks that occurred in September,
October, and November, 1886 (Zirbes, 1971).
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In June 1893, Jacksonville experienced a
minor shock that lasted about 10 seconds.
Another earthquake occurred in October 1893,
which also did not cause any damage ( Zirbes,
1971).
In November 1948, doors and windows rattled
in Captiva Island, west of Ft. Myers. It was
reportedly accompanied by sounds like
distance heavy explosions (Zirbes, 1971).
In November 1952, a slight tremor was felt in
Quincy, a town located 20 miles northwest of
Tallahassee. Windows and doors rattled, but
no damage was reported (Zirbes, 1971).
3) Sinkholes and Subsidence
Sinkholes are a common feature of Florida's
landscape. They are Ione one of many kinds of karst
landforms, which include caves, disappearing
streams, springs, and underground drainage systems,
all of which occur in Florida. Karst is a generic term
which refers to the characteristic terrain produced by
erosional processes associated with the chemi.:al
weathering and dissolution of limestone or dolomite,
the two most common carbonate rocks in Florida.
Dissolution of carbonate rocks begins when they are
exposed to acidic water. Most rainwater is slightly
acidic and usually becomes more acidic as it moves
through decaying plant debris. Limestones in Florida
are porous, allowing the acidic water to percolate
through them, dissolving some limestone and
carrying it away in solution. Over time, this
persistent erosion process has created extensive
underground voids and drainage systems in much of
he carbonate rocks throughout the state.
Collapse
of overlying sediments into the underground cavities
produces sinkholes (Florida Geological Survey,
1998).
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2. Technological Hazards
a. Radiological Accidents
While an actual release of radioactive material is extremely
unlikely and the immediate threat to like extremely low,
vulnerability to a nuclear plant disaster could consist of long
range health effects with temporary and permanent
displacement of population from affected areas (Florida
Department of Community Affairs, 1998). The potential
danger from an accident at a nuclear power plant is
exposure to radiation. This exposure could come from the
release of radioactive maierial from the plant into the
environment, usually characterized by a plume (cloud like)
formation. The area the radioactive release may affect is
determined by the amount released from the plant, wind
direction and speed, and weather conditions (e. g.,
rain)
which would quickly drive the radioactive material into the
ground, hence causing increased deposition of radio
nuclides.
Thirty of the 67 counties in the State of Florida are involved
in preparedness planning for a commercial nuclear power
plant emergency. Emergency Planning Zones (EPZ) I ave
been designated for each power plant to enhance planning
efforts for an emergency. An EPZ is comprised of two
zones, the 10 -mile plume exposure zone and the 50 -mile
ingestion exposure zone (Florida Community Affairs, 1998).
Specific coordinating procedures for response to a General
Emergency at a nuclear power plant have been prepared in
the form of Standard Operating Procedures. These include
Emergency Classification Levels which assist in notifying
the public if a problem occurs at a plan. They are defined
by four categories (Federal Emergency Management
Agency, 1997):
Notification of Unusual Event - The event poses no
thFeat to plan employees, but emergency officials are
notified. No action by the public is necessary.
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Alert - An event has occurred that could reduce the
plant's level of safety, but back-up systems still
work. Emergency agencies are notified and kept
informed, but no action by the public is necessary.
Site Area Emergency -
The event involves major
problems with the plant's safety and has progressed
to the point that a release of some radioactivity into
the air or water is possible, but is not expected to
exceed Environmental protection Agency Protective
Action Guidelines (PACs). Thus, no action by the
public is necessary.
General Emergency - The event has caused a loss of
safety systems.
If such an event occurs, radiation
could be released that would penetrate the site
boundary. State and local authorities will take action
to protect the residents living near the plant. The
alert and notification system will be sounded. People
in the affected areas could be advised to evacuate, or
in some situations, to shelter in place. When the
sirens are sounded, radio and television alerts will
have site-specific information and instructions.
The St. Lucie Nuclear Power Plant is located 12 miles
southeast of the City of Ft. Pierce on Hutchinson Island in
St. Lucie County. The facility contains two reactors and is
owned and operated by the Florida Power & Light
Corporation. Counties within the 50 -mile EPZ include all or
portion of St. Lucie, Martin, Glades, Osceola, Okeechobee,
Brevard, Highlands, Palm Beach and Indian River.
Power Failure (outages)
In the U.S., from July 2 to August 10, 1996, the Western
States Utility Power Grid reported widespread power
outages that affected millions of customers in several
western states and adjacent areas of Canada and Mexico.
These problems resulted from a variety of related causes,
including sagging lines due to hot weather, flashovers from
transmission lines to nearby trees, and incorrect relay
settings. According to the electric utility industry's trade
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 28
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association, the potential for such disturbances is expected
to increase with the profound changes now sweeping the
electric utility industry.
To address times when generating capacity is tight, or falls
below consumer demand due to state or local emergencies,
the Florida Electrical Emergency Contingency Plan was
developed. Alerts have been created to give early warning
of potential electricity shortfalls and bring utilities,
emergency management officials, and the general public to
a state of preparedness. The Contingency Plan has four
stages (Florida Reliability Coordinating Council):
Generating Capacity Advisory - A Generating
Capacity Advisory is primarily for information
purposes. It starts utility tracking activities, and it
initiates inter -utility and inter -agency communication.
No action by the public is required. General
information may be distributed to consumers to
forewarn them of conditions if necessary.
Generating Capacity Alert - A Generating Capacity
Alert starts actions to increase reserves. Available
emergency supply options will be explored. When
reserves fall below the size of the largest generating
unit in the state, loss of that size unit to an
unexpected mechanical failure could lead to
blackouts somewhere since insufficient backup is
available.
Generating Capacity Emergency - A Generating
Capacity Emergency occurs when blackouts are
inevitable somewhere in Florida. Every available
means of balancing supply and demand will be
exhausted. Rolling blackouts, manually activated by
utilities, are a last resort to avoid system overload
and possible equipment damage. Frequent status
reports are provided to agencies and the media. The
Division of Emergency Management will consider
using the Emergency Alert System to inform citizens
of events and to direct them to available shelters if
conditions warrant. Recognizing the consequences
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 29
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of a loss of electricity, individual utility emergency
plans include provisions for special facilities critical to
the safety and welfare of citizens.
System Load Restoration - System Loan Restoration
is instituted when rolling blackouts have been
terminated and power supply is adequate. It is the
recovery stage, and efforts are made to provide
frequent system status reports.
C. Hazardous Materials Accidents
Hazardous materials accidents can occur anywhere there is
a road, rail line, pipeline, or fixed facility storing hazardous
materials. Virtually the entire state is at risk to an
unpredictable accident of some type. Most accidents are
small spills and leaks, but some result in injuries, property
damage, environmental contamination, and other
consequences. These materials can be poisonous,
corrosive, flammable, radioactive, or pose other hazards and
are regulated by the Department of Transportation.
However, out of approximately 1,663 hazardous materials
incidents reported statewide in 1997, no known fatalities
were reported, less than 4% resulted in injuries, at: d less
than 6% resulted in evacuation (Florida Department of
Community Affairs, 1998).
Emergencies involving hazardous materials can be expected
to range from a minor accident with no off-site effects to a
major accident that may result in an off-site release of
hazardous or toxic materials. The overall objective of
chemical emergency response planning and preparedness is
to minimize exposure for a wide range of accidents that
could produce off-site levels of contamination in excess of
Levels of Concern established by the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency. Minimizing this exposure will reduce
the consequences of an emergency to people in the area
near to facilities which manufacture, store, or process
hazardous materials (Treasure Coast Regional Planning
Council).
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 30
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A large volume of hazardous materials is transported to and
through the county by railroad and highway, air, water, and
pipeline daily. Within Indian River County, there are a
number of both public and private fixed facilities which
produce or use hazardous materials. Coordinating
procedures for hazardous material response are found within
the county's Emergency Plan for Hazardous Materials.
In addition to the county's Emergency Plan for Hazardous
Materials, Local Emergency Planning Committee officials
have prepared a plan for use in responding to and
recovering from a release of hazardous or toxic materials.
This plan addresses the range of potential emergency
situations and the appropriate measures to be implemented
to minimize exposure through inhalation, ingestion, or direct
exposure (Treasure Coast Regional Planning Council).
Mishandling and improper disposal or storage of medical
wastes and low-level radioactive projects from medical use
are also a hazard to Indian River County. For example, a
few years ago an incident occurred in New Jersey when
improper disposal of medical wastes resulted in some of the
used projects ending up on Atlantic Ocean beaches.
d. Transportation System Accidents.
Florida has a large transportation network consisting of
major highways, airports, marine ports, and passenger
railroads. The heavily populated areas of Indian River
County are particularly vulnerable to serious accidents
which are capable of producing mass casualties. With the
linear configuration of several major highways in Indian
River County, such as interstate highways and the Florida
Turnpike, major transportation accidents could occur in a
ralatively rural area, severely stressing the capabilities of
local resources to respond effectively. A recent notorious
example is the crash in the Everglades of Value Jet Flight
597 on May 11, 1996, which resulted in 109 fatalities and
a cost of millions of dollars, severely taxing the financial and
public safety resources of Dade County (Florida Department
of Community Affairs, 1998). Similarly, a major
transportation accident could involve a large number of
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 31
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tourists and visitors from other countries, given Florida's
popularity as a vacation destination, further complicating
the emergency response to such an event.
As a major industrial nation, the U.S. produces, distributes,
and consumes large quantities of oil. Petroleum-based oil
is used as a major power source to fuel factories and
various modes of transportation, and in many everyday
products, such as plastics, nylon, paints, tires, cosmetics,
and detergents ( Environmental Protection Agency, 1998).
At every point in the production, distribution, and
consumption process, oil is stored in tanks. With billions of
gallons of oil being stored throughout the country, the
potential for an oil spill is significant, and the effects of
spilled oil can pose serious threats to the environment.
In addition to petroleum-based oil, the U.S. consumes
millions of gallons of non -petroleum oils, such as silicone
and mineral -based oils and animal and vegetable oils. Like
petroleum products, these non -petroleum oils are often
stored in tanks that have the potential to spill, causing
environmental damages that are just as serious as those
caused by petroleum-based oils. To address the potential
environmental threat posed by petroleum and non-petrt )leum
oils, the U.S. Environmental protection Agency has
established a program designed to prevent oil spills. The
program has reduced the number of spills to less than 1 %
of the total volume handles each year (Environmental
Protection Agency, 1998).
Indian River County has about 22 miles of Atlantic Ocean
coastline that is subject to contamination caused by an oil
spill. By Executive Order, the responsibility for preparing
response plans for coastal oil spills is designated to the
Department of Environmental Protection, Division of Florida
Marine Patrol. The Florida Coastal Pollutant Spill Plan has
been prepared to coordinate response procedures and
recovery efforts after a spill. There are to active oil field
regions in Florida: Escambia and Santa Rosa counties in the
Panhandle, and Collier, Dade, Hendry, and Less counties in
southwest Florida.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 32
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f. Communications Failure
As society emerges from industrial production into the age
of information, we are seeing new kinds of technological
accidents/disasters. Recently, a communications failure
occurred that was the worst in 37 years of satellite serve.
Some major problems with the telecommunications satellite
Galaxy IV drastically affected 120 companies in the paging
industry (Rubin, 1998). Radio and other forms of news
broadcasts also were affected. The pager failure not only
affected personal and business communications, but
emergency management and medical personnel as well.
g. Military Ordnance from WWII
Unexploded military ordnance is a hazard unique to Indian
River County. The former Fort Pierce Naval Amphibious
Training Base was established in 1942. Training exercises
were conducted on outlying areas of North and South
Hutchinson Islands. Training at the base included testing of
bombs, rockets and mines. Several explosive devices left
over from these training missions have been found along the
shores of Vero Beach and Ft. Pierce. Public exposure to
unexploded ordnance could occur primarily as a res, ilt of
three types of activities: Earth moving (building
construction, pool construction, and major landscaping),
recreational diving and use of beach areas - unexploded
ordnance may wash ashore or be exposed after storms.
Prior clean up operations have been coordinated by the
Army Corps of Engineers (Jacksonville office).
3. Societal Hazards
a. To-rrorism and Sabotage
1) Terrorism
Terrorist attacks may take the form of induced dam
or levee failures, the use of hazardous materials to
injure or kill, or the use of biological weapons to
create an epidemic. While there have not been any
successful acts of terrorism committed in Florida in
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 34
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recent years, it is recognized that the state has many
critical and high-profile facilities, high concentration
of population, and other potentially attractive venues
for terrorist activity that are inherently vulnerable to
a variety of terrorist methods.
Governmental/political, transportation, commercial,
infrastructure, cultural, academic, research, military,
athletic, and other activities and facilities constitute
ideal targets for terrorist attacks which may cause
catastrophic levels of property and environmental
damage, injury, and loss of life. Furthermore, a
variety of extremist groups are known to operate
within Florida, and potential terrorist attacks have
been investigated and averted in recent years (Florida
Department of Community Affairs, 1998).
Acts of terrorism are also capable of creating
disasters which threaten the safety of a large number
of citizens. The U.S. has been relatively untouched
by the storm of terrorist activities experienced in
other parts of the world; however, in recent years, an
increasing incidence of terrorism has been recorded
in this nation.
The federal government has recognized that the U.S.
has entered the post -Cold War era. As a result,
federal planning guidelines regarding military threats
are in transition. However, nuclear weapons
continue to be a serious planning concern especially
in areas surrounding military installations. The influx
of undocumented aliens into south Florida from areas
unfriendly to the interest of the U.S. are monitored
by those involved with the emergency management
of government.
2) Computer Accidents and Sabotage
The President's Commission on Critical Infrastructure
Protection (PCCIP) recently reported that there is
increasing threat that the U.S. could suffer
something similar to an "Electronic Pearl Harbor"
Rubin, 1998). Networked information systems
present new security challenges in addition to the
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 35
benefits they offer. Long-term power outages could
cause massive computer outages, with severe
economic impacts such as loss of sales, credit
checking, banking transactions, and ability to
communicate and exchange information and data.
Today, the right command sent over a network to a
power generating station's control computer could be
just as effective as a backpack full of explosives, and
the perpetrator would be harder to identify and
apprehend," states the PCCIP report.
With the growth of A computer -literate population,
increasing numbers of people possess the skills
necessary to attempt such an attack. The resources
to conduct a cyber attack are now easily accessible
everywhere. A personal computer and an internet
service provider anywhere in the world are enough to
cause a great deal of harm. Threats include:
Human error;
Insider use of authorized access for
unauthorized disruptive purposes;
Recreational hackers - with or without hostile
intent;
Criminal activity - for financial gain, to steal
information or services, or organized crime;
Industrial espionage;
Terrorism - including various disruptive
operations; and
National intelligence - information warfare,
intended disruption of military operations.
The effects of such activities may take the form of
disruption of air traffic controls, train switches,
banking transfers, police investigations, commercial
transactions, defense plans, power line controls, and
other essential functions. As the internet becomes
more and more important, the loss of its services,
whether by accident or intent, becomes a greater
hardship for those relying on this new form of
communication. Computer failures could affect
emergency communications as well as routine civilian
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 36
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applications, such as telephone service, brokerage
transactions, credit card payments, Social Security
payments, pharmacy transactions, airline schedules,
etc.
b. Civil Disturbance
As in any other area, Indian River County is subject to civil
disturbances in the form of riots, mob violence, and a
breakdown of law and order in a focalized area.
Communities with racial mixtures, gang violence, and drug
trafficking are increasingly aware of the need to plan for
civil disturbance emergencies. Although they can occur at
any time, civil disturbances are often preceded by periods
of increased tension caused by questionable social and/or
political events such as controversial jury trials or law
enforcement actions (Florida Department of Community
Affairs, 1998). Police services are responsible for the
restoration of law and order in any specific area of the
county.
C. Immigration Crisis
Florida's location as the nearest U.S. land mass bordering
the Caribbean basin makes it a chosen point of entry for
many migrants attempting to enter the country illegally. A
major consequence of a mass arrival of illegal immigrants
could be disruptive to the routine functioning of the
impacted community, resulting in significant expenditures
related to the situation. An example of this threat occurred
in 1994, when the state responded to two mass migration
incidents. In May 1994, there was an unexpected
migration of approximately 100 Haitian refugees, while in
August 1994, there was in influx of 700 Cubans ( Florida
Department of Community Affairs, 1998). These events
are typically preceded by periods of increasing tension
abroad, which can be detected and monitored.
Enforcement of immigration laws is a federal government
responsibility. However, it is anticipated that joint
jurisdictional support of any operation will be required from
the state and local governments.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 37
The Atlantic shore of Indian River County is the frequent
scene of the arrival of undocumented aliens, usually Haitian
or Cuban.
The county has both the history and the
potential for the unannounced arrival of a large number of
aliens. Until relieved of the responsibility by the state and
federal governments, Indian River County must be capable
of providing mass refugee care to include shelter, food,
water, transportation, medical, police protection, and other
social services.
B. GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION
Indian River County is located on the Atlantic along the south-central
Coast of Florida. The County occupies a total land area of 525 square
miles (336,418 acres) of which 36.4 square miles (23,000 acres) are
water, and 489 square miles (313,118 acres) are land area. Included in
the land area are five (5) municipalities. Indian River County is about 33
miles wide from east to west and 22 miles long from north to south. In
addition to the Atlantic Ocean on the east, the County is bounded by
Brevard County on the north, St. Lucie County on the south and
Okeechobee and Osceola Counties on the west.
The mainland topography of Indian River County is generally low in
elevation, without significant deviation. However, two ridges parallel the
coast, one about 1 mile inland from the Indian River with elevations up
to 30 feet, the other about 10 miles inland with similar elevations. The
coastal barrier islands have typical dune topography with dune elevations
of about 15 feet.
In Indian River County, the average rainfall is approximately 55 inches per
year. This rainfall is unevenly distributed, much of it occurring during the
summer and early fall months. The drainage area of Indian River County
is generally divided by the two geographic ridges that parallel the coast.
Areas west of the inland ridge are relatively flat and drain westward to
the St. John's Marsh, aided by extensive canals which have been
constructed for agricultural use. The basin area between the ridges is
generally low and felatively flat. drainage of the northern portion of this
basin area is provided by the South Prong of the St. Sebastian River and
a network of manmade canals. The central and southern portions have
essentially no natural watercourses. This area is drained by an extensive
network of manmade canals and ditches that are interconnected and
joined with Main Relief, North Relief, and South Relief Canals and that
discharge into the Indian River.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 38
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The occurrence of floods is an important concern for communities with
coasts subject to storm events, or for any community with waterbodies
and waterways having flood hazard areas. A flood hazard is any land
area that is susceptible to being inundated by water from any source.
Flooding is a temporary condition of partial or complete inundation of
normally dry land areas. Floods can occur throughout the Indian River
County area anytime during the year; however, they are most frequent
during the rainy season from May to October. The streams and canals
in the low area between the parallel ridges, as well as those that
discharge into the St. John's River, are subject to flooding from
prolonged heavy rainfalls.
Low, swampy, inland areas are subject to flooding during wet periods
and coastal areas of the county are subject to storm surge flooding
resulting from hurricane or tropical storm activity. Areas along the Indian
River Lagoon may also experience flooding from storm surge caused by
hurricane winds piling water against shorelines, causeways and bridges.
A diagram of flood prone areas is attached to this document and
identified as Figure 2.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 39
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Nearly two-thirds of the total land area is west of Interstate 95; however,
more than 85% of the population resides in the eastern third of the
County, and is vulnerable to the effects of both man-made and natural
disasters. The City of Fellsmere is the only community in the western
part of the County. The land along the western boundary of the County
is used primarily for range and pasture land with few residential
structures. To the east is the St. Johns marsh, a large freshwater marsh
extending the entire length of the County. Included in this significant
wetland is the 6,000 acre Blue Cypress Lake. The land between the
marsh and 1-95 is devoted primarily to agriculture, and subject to disaster
caused by weather phenomena. Other than the City of Fellsmere in the
north, there is little human settlement hi this area.
The eastern portion of the County can be divided into two major areas:
the mainland and the barrier island. The southern portion of the eastern
mainland is the most highly developed area and contains the highest
population concentration in the County. The central area of the mainland
has experienced sparse development. Residential and commercial
activities are concentrated along the U.S. 1 corridor. A chart depicting
the existing land uses in the coastal area is attached to this document
and identified as Figure 3.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 41
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Figure 3
Source: Indian River County Comprehensive Plan (1996), Table 2. 3 Existing Land Uses
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Pian Basic Page 42
EXISTING LAND USES (1996)
Obtained from the Comprehensive Plan Evaluation and Appraisal Report
ACRES
A. RESIDENTIAL
1) Single family
2) Multi -family
3) Mobile homes
4) Vacant residential
34,634
13,289
1,374
1,750
18,220
B. COMMERCIAL 1,304
C. INDUSTRIAL 749
D. AGRICULTURAL 182,454
E. RECREATIONAL 3,084
F. CONSERVATION (PUBLICLY OWNED) 67,229
G. PUBLIC FACILITIES 4,946
H. OTHER 3,050
TOTAL UNINCORPORATED LAND AREA 297,4501
Source: Indian River County Comprehensive Plan (1996), Table 2. 3 Existing Land Uses
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Pian Basic Page 42
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The northern mainland portion of the County contains Sebastian, the
second largest city in population. Sometime in the near future, Sebastian
is expected to become the largest city in the County. Agricultural uses
in this area are confined to areas south of the city.
The barrier island can be characterized as three distinct areas. The
northern third of the island is the least developed. Natural vegetation and
citrus groves cover much of the area. The Town of Orchid, known for
its high quality citrus, is located in this northern portion of the island.
The Pelican Island Wildlife Refuge, the first in the nation, occupies
several small islands in the Indian River lagoon as well as some wetland
area on the barrier island. The northernmost tip of the island is occupied
by the Sebastian Inlet Recreation Area. Portions along this part of the
island are designated as undeveloped coastal barrier.
The island is approximately 22 miles long and averages in width from
100 feet to 1 1/2 miles. The average height above mean sea level is
eight feet with highs of sixteen feet and lows of two feet above mean
sea level. The island is ace--!ssibie by four bridges that connect it to the
mainland. One bridge, a two-lane, is located in St. Lucie County and
provides access to the Island from the extreme South. Three bridges in
Indian River County provide accessibility to the island:
a two-lane bridge in the North county area (Wabasso)
a four -lane (Merrill Barber Bridge) located in mid -county
a four -lane (17th Street Bridge) also located in mid -county
approximately ten (10) blocks South of the Barber Bridge
Orchid (Hutchinson) Island provides a land barrier to the mainland of any
activity operated in the Atlantic Ocean for the entire coastal area of the
County.
Indian River County is enriched with a diversity of upland and wetland
ecological communities, varying in composition as the county extends
from the Atlantic Ocean and Indian River Lagoon westward to the St.
Johns Marsh and Blue Cypress Lake. A Soil Conservation Service (SCS)
publication entitled "26 Ecological Communities of Florida" identifies at
least thirteen different ecological communities within Indian River County.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 43
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The major ecological communities within Indian River County are
identified as follows:
South Florida Coastal Strand
Sand Pine/Xeric Scrub
South Florida Flatwoods
Tropical/Coastal Hammocks
Freshwater Wetlands
Indian River Lagoon and Associated Estuarine Wetlands
Nearshore Atlantic Ocean
Of particular concern are those ecological communities located in the
eastern portion of the county, where development pressures conflict with
the preservation of diminishing habitats. Tropical hammock communities
and coastal scrub communities are examples of habitats found almost
exclusively in Florida that are in danger of disappearing or being
drastically reduced, along with their unique flora and fauna. A balance
of natural system preservation and the rights of property owners to
develop land is an important issue to be considered as county population
and development growth continues.
C. DEMOGRAPHICS
With a 1998 total resident and seasonal population of nearly 107,000,
Indian River County ranks as one of the fastest growing counties in the
state of Florida. Area wise, this provides approximately 203 persons per
square mile throughout the entire county. However, the majority of the
County's population resides within the eastern ten miles of the County,
or approximately 600 persons per square mile. It is estimated that by the
year 2000, Indian River County's total population will grow to nearly
111,000. According to statistics prepared by the Bureau of the Census
and the University of Florida's Bureau of Economic and Business
Research (1999), this County's population had a 18.3% increase
between 1990 and 1998. A chart representing the population centers
in the county is attached to this document and identified as Figure 4.
Additional statistics reveal that much of the immigrating population has
produced a median age in the County that is nearly ten years greater than
that of the median age of the United States.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 44
Figure 4
POPULATION CENTERS IN THE COUNTY
2000 Projection)
MUNICIPALITY (OR AREA) POPULATION
Vero Beach 17,727
Sebastian 17,153
Fellsmere 2.885
Indian River Shores 3,037
Orchid 276
Gifford 8,586
Roseland 2,053
Wabasso 1,440
Winter Beach 1,337
Vero Beach South 18,829
Florida Ridge 13,786
S.R. Corridor 8,979
South Beach 3,101
North Beach 1,509
Unallocated 12,195
Unincorporated 71,222
Total 112,300
SOURCE: INDIAN RIVER COUNTY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN TABLE 1.33
These figures represent the total resident and seasonal populations which
incorporates an inflation of residents during the tourist season.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 45
DISTRIBUTION OF POPULATION BY AGE
1990 CENSUS
5 AND UNDER 6-19 20-34 35-64 65+
4,918 14,447 15,929 30,322 24,592
These figures represent the total resident and seasonal populations which
incorporates an inflation of residents during the tourist season.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 45
There are 32,216 single family residential units and 13,436 multi -family
residential units in the County (data obtained from the 1995 Indian River
County Comprehensive Plan). Additionally, there are approximately
6,699 mobile home/recreational vehicle dwellings in the County, many
of which are situated in large mobile home villages. Approximately 85%
of all the facilities listed above are located within ten miles of the east
coast.
Agricultural production and processing are an important component of
the County's economy. The seasonal nature of citrus production has
required the use of migrant labor during peak harvesting season
February/March). A survey conductec; of the County Agricultural
Extension, Florida Employment Service and the Department of Health and
Rehabilitative Service provides estimates of 1,000 migrant farm laborers
are used during the peak of the season. Census data gathered in 1990
suggests that approximately 6,081 citizens residing in Indian River
County speak a language other than English.
The Atlantic beaches and the excellent climate in the County provide the
basis for a year-round tourist industry. There are numerous hotels and
motels in the County as well as retail and service establishments geared
to serving the tourist trade. Seasonal population is composed of those
persons who visit or reside in the county for a period of less than six
months. This group includes tourists and other short-term and long-term
visitors, many of whom congregate on the barrier island. An estimated
seasonal population figure for 1995 is 23,936.
In July of 1989, the Indian River County Department of Emergency
Services formed a committee to address people with special medical
needs. Since then, the goal of the Special Needs Shelter Program is to
provide a safe place for persons requiring medical assistance to
temporarily shelter during an evacuation from either a man-made or
natural disaster, rather than inundating local hospitals with a large
number of people that a specially equipped and staffed shelter could
adequately handle. Candidates for the Special Needs Shelter are
encouraged to register with our office in advance. Currently, we have
approximately 900 registrants for the Special Needs Shelter.
Indian River County is affected by its coastal location. Thunderstorms
average 80 days a year. Annually, 132 days have rainfall of at least .01
inches on the average, and there are 74 clear days, 159 partly cloudy
days, and 132 cloudy days. Annually, we receive approximately 55
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Pian Basic Page 46
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inches of rainfall. Sea breezes modify the climate of a narrow coastal
belt a few miles wide. The sea breeze quickly reduces high afternoon
temperatures and provides a flow of air when one would otherwise not
exist.
The sea breeze is most prevalent in summer, when winds in the County
average 9.4 mph. In addition, the mixing height (thickness of a layer of
air resting on the ground surface, in which vigorous vertical mixing
occurs) is thickest during the summer and thinnest in the winter.
High risk areas relative to hurricane and flood effects have been identified
and designated based on elevation and proximity to coastal waters.
Development density of any specific area has been considered in the
allocation of shelter space. The vulnerability of nursing homes and
congregate care centers to the adverse effect of severe weather,
primarily based on elevation and construction, requires special
consideration in evacuation plans.
The chief industries of the heavily populated east coast are light
manufacturing, citrus production and processing, selected service trades,
construction, aircraft manufacturing (Piper), real estate, wholesale and
retail trade.
D. ECONOMIC PROFILE
Below is a chart listing the five largest employers in Indian River County
and their approximate current level of employment as of July 1997.
RANK EMPLOYER TYPE EMPLOYEES
1 School Dist. of Indian River Co. Government 1,850
2 Indian River Memorial Hospital Health Care 1,300
3 Indian River County Government 1153
4 Publix f;orporation Retail, Grocery 900
5 Sun Ag, Inc. Citrus, Agriculture 850
Source: Vero Beach/lndlan River County Chamber of Commerce, July 23, 1997).
Indicates peak seasonal employment
The data collected for 1997 indicates Indian River County's
unemployment rate as 8.1% and a 1996 per capita income of 534,374.
The median housing value for Indian River County in 1993 was $83,160.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 47
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E. EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT SUPPORT FACILITIES
1. Critical Facilities - Indian River County and its municipalities have
identified all critical facilities required for an immediate emergency
response following a major emergency/disaster event, and other
facilities or areas necessary to support recovery operations.
Several categories of critical facilities have been included. For
specific information, see the Critical Facilities Inventory attached
and identified as an Annex to this document.
2. Recovery Staging Areas
a. Materials and Supplies
1) Barber Street Sports Complex -
1115 Barber Street, Sebastian
2) Indian River County Fairgrounds -
7900 58th Avenue, Wabasso
3) City of Vero Beach Municipal Airport -
3400 Cherokee Drive, Vero Beach
b. Volunteers
1) Hobart Park
5350 77th Avenue, Wabasso
Disaster Field Offices (DFOs)
Following a major or catastrophic disaster that exceeds the
State's ability to respond, in which the Emergency or Major
Disaster Declaration is granted by the President, federal
assistance to disaster victims becomes available under three
program areas: Individual Assistance, Public Assistance,
and Hazard Mitigation. The administration of these
programs is coordinated through a joint federal/state effort
in a DFO, which is usually located in the impacted area.
The following areas have been pre -determined to house
DFOs:
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 48
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1) Sebastian City Hall
1225 Main Street, Sebastian
2) Fellsmere City Hall
22 S. Cypress Street, Fellsmere
3) Indian River Co. Administration Bldg.
1840 25th Street, Vero Beach
4) City of Vero Beach Community Center
2266 14th Avenue, Vero Beach
d. Disaster Recovery Centers (DRCs)
Should the President authorize a Declaration of Disaster,
Disaster Recovery Centers will open to provide the public
access to apply for federal assistance funding. The centers
will provide residents and businesses with information on
available programs and assist applicants with completion of
the necessary forms/documentation. The following
locations have been designated as sites for Disaster
Recovery Centers.
1) Indian River County Administration Bldg.
1840 25th Street, Vero Beach
2) Sebastian City Hall
1225 Main Street, Sebastian
3) Fellsmere City Hall
22 South Cypress Street, Fellsmere
4) Vero Beach Police Department
1055 20th Street, Vero Beach
6,) Indian River Shores City Hall
6001 A1A, Indian River Shores
6) Town of Orchid City Hall
10 Orchid Island Drive, Town of Orchid
e. Storage Depots
1) Barber Street Sports Complex -
1115 Barber Street, Sebastian
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 49
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171
2) Indian River County Fairgrounds -
7900 58th Avenue, Wabasso
3) City of Vero Beach Municipal Airport -
3400 Cherokee Drive, Vero Beach
3. Landing Zones have been identified and coordinated with the
Florida National Guard.
a. The primary landing zone is located at:
Vero Beach Municipal Airport
Latitude 27° 39' 33"/Longitude 080° 25' 08"
b. The secondary landing zone is located at:
Sebastian Airport
Latitude 27° 48' 77"/Longitude 0800 29' 74"
The coordinates for these locations have been transmitted to the
appropriate agencies.
F. PLANNING ASSUMPTIONS
1. A disaster may occur with little or no warning and may escalate
far more rapidly than the ability of any single local response
organization to handle. The success of rapid response depends
on:
a. Multi -discipline, impact assessment teams;
b. Procedures to ensure quick and effective decision-making,
such as pre -deployment and aggressive training of elected
officials and responders on responsibilities and emergency
assignments; and
C. Procedures to rapidly implement local mutual aid, state
mutual aid and possibly federal assistance.
2. Effective hurricane preparedness requires
continual public
awareness and education programs, so that citizens will take
appropriate advance action based upon the category of the
hurricane expected.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 50
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3. Evacuation and shelter strategies must be based on citizen
cooperation with staggered evacuation and best -available shelter
options until the shelter deficit can be reduced.
4. A strategy based upon sheltering people with special needs that
provides varying levels of care. The intent of the strategy is to
establish minimum standards so that the general population and
service providers will understand the level of care which can be
reasonably expected at regular shelters. Persons needing greater
care should be prompted to register for special assistance.
Planning at the County and state level will depend on pre -
identification of populations and determination of resource
shortfalls and contingencies.
5. The Emergency Operations Center (EOC) will be activated and
staffed with lead agencies that become a part of an ESF concept.
The primary agency for each ESF will be responsible for
coordinating the planning and response activities of their
respective support agencies.
111. CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS
A. LEVELS OF DISASTER
Chapter 252, Florida Statutes, requires each county to develop and
maintain a County Emergency Management Plan (CEMP). This CEMP
must contain provisions to ensure that the county is prepared for minor,
major, and catastrophic disasters. Therefore, a resolution was passed by
the Indian River County Board of County Commissioners adopting this
county's CEMP. A signed copy of the resolution can be found as a
preface to this document.
Minor Disaster
Any disaster that is likely to be within the response capabilities of
local government and results in only minimal need for state or
federal assistance.
In accordance with this CEMP, this definition translates into a
Level III or Level II activation of the EOC.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 51
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40
2. Major Disaster
Any disaster that will likely exceed local capabilities and require a
broad range of state and federal assistance.
In accordance with this CEMP, this definition translates into a
Level II or Level I activation of the EOC. The SEOC will be
notified, and potential state assistance will be coordinated.
Catastrophic Disaster
Any disaster that will require massive state and federal assistance,
including immediate military involvement.
In accordance with this CEMP, this definition translates into a
Level I activation of the EOC. The SEOC will be notified and may
be requested to pre -deploy to the EOC; potential federal assistance
will involve response as well as recovery needs.
B. GENERAL
Local units of government call for assistance during events in
which their own resource and response capabiliti as are
overwhelmed. The County will provide assistance to municipalities
within their borders, and then turn to the state for assistance
when their capabilities are overwhelmed. The County and the
state together determine whether inter -county mutual aid or direct
state assistance is needed.
2. Direction and control of all emergency management activities
remain under the Indian River County Board of County
Commissioners at all times. The organization and staffing
structure of the Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency
Management Plan are tailored to meet the needs of specific
emergencies and disasters. Organizational structure and
identification of operational and support roles within the EOC,
which depicts the total preparedness, response, recovery and
mitigation system, can be found in the EOC Suggested Operating
Procedures attached and identified as Appendix D.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 52
3. The EOC will be activated by the Emergency Management
Director, or his designee, at any time a threat of danger to Indian
River County becomes imminent. The EOC will then become the
central command post for coordinating the operational, logistical
and administrative support needs of response personnel located in
the EOC or in the field.
The Primary EOC is located in the first floor conference
room of the County Administration Building, located at
1840 25th Street, and will be the first choice for EOC
operations.
The first alternate EOC will be the communications center
of the Indian River County Sheriff's Office, located at 4055
41 st Avenue. This site will be designated only if conditions
threaten the primary location. The Emergency Management
Director, or his designee, will make the decision to move to
this location if it becomes necessary.
C. A second alternate EOC will be chosen given the existing
conditions at the time.
4. The County must be able to respond quickly and effectively to
developing events that may require the County to enact a Mutual
Aid Agreement. When an event or potential event is first
detected, the EOC initiates activation (monitoring).
Communications are maintained between the County EOC and the
SEDC; the county commissioners and Governor may be notified.
5. As County operations progress, the Emergency Management
Director may advise the Board of County Commissioners to declare
a local state of emergency and make a formal request for state
assistance.. The request is channeled through FDEM to the
Governor's Office. At the same time, FDEM may recommend that
the Governor declare a statewide emergency.
After impact of a major or catastrophic emergency, Rapid Impact
Assessment Teams (RIATs) may be deployed at the request of the
Emergency Management Director. These teams, under the
auspices of the Florida National Guard (FNG) and ESF #13 (Military
Support), will be deployed via aircraft or land transport to augment
local assessment of the immediate human needs (food, water,
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 53
health/medical, housing), and the damage to infrastructure
transportation, communications and utility systems). The disaster
assessment is used to identify those emergency actions that are
necessary to preserve life and property in the impacted area. See
Annex III of the CEMP for more information.
7. The County EOC serves as the central clearinghouse for
information collection and coordination of response and recovery
resources within the County, including the cities within the
County. During a major or catastrophic emergency in Florida, un-
impacted counties are also requested to activate their EOC. This
system allows the SEOC to coordinate the delivery of intra -state
mutual aid in an organized manner through the County network.
ORGANIZATION
1. Implementation of the concept of operations is carried out through
the organizational structure described by the emergency support
functions (ESFs). The organization is led by the Emergency
Management Director, in consultation with the Board of County
Commissioners. This organizational concept is compatible with
the current concept implemented by FDEM and FEMA and is
identified in the EOC Suggested Operating Procedures, attac ned to
this document and identified as Appendix D.
2. The Emergency Management Director, or his designee, is
responsible for activating the plan and directing preparedness,
response, recovery and mitigation operations.
3. ESFs represent groupings of types of assistance activities that the
County is likely to need from the State. For a complete listing of
primary and secondary agencies and their respective ESFs, see the
ESF Matrix attached to this document and identified as Figure 5.
ESFs and lead agencies include:
ESF #1 Transportation - Indian River County School Board
Transportation Department
To coordinate transportation systems and provide emergency
transport of goods for other ESFs.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 54
4i
7
ESF #2 Communications - Indian River County Department of
Emergency Services,
Emergency Management Division and
Radiological Emergency Preparedness Division.
To provide emergency radio and telephone communications
services to organizations involved in the response and recovery
operation and to support the private sector in restoration of the
affected public grids.
ESF # 3 Public Works and Engineerin - Indian River County Public
Works Department
To evaluate infrastructure damage and coordinate emergency
debris clearing of essential roads. Will also coordinate emergency
contracting, engineering services, and demolitions.
ESF #4 Firefighting - Indian River County Department of
Emergency Services, Fire Services Division
To detect and suppress wildland, rural and urban fires. Also, to
provide incident management teams to assist in command and
control operations. Directs all search and rescue operations.
ESF #5 Information and Planning -Indian River County Department
of Emergency Services, Emergency Management Division
To collect, analyze and disseminate critical information on
emergency operations for decision-making purposes.
ESF #6 Mass Care - American Red Cross - Indian River County
Chapter
To manage and coordinate shelters, feeding and first aid for
disaster victims.
ESF #7 Resource Support - Indian River County Department of
Emergency Services, Emergency Management Division
To secure resources through mutual aid agreements, or procure
resources for other ESFs as needed.
t,
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 55
AID
e
ESF #8 Health & Medical Services -
Indian River County Public
Health Unit
To identify health and medical needs, provide trained health and
medical personnel, and to provide supplies and emergency facilities
in the affected area, as well as in shelters.
ESF #9 Urban Search and Rescue - Indian River County
Department of Emergency Services, Fire Services Division and the
Indian River County Sheriff's Office
The Sheriff's Office is the lead agency responsible for coordinating
and securing Search and Rescue (SAR) areas. The Fire Services
Division is the lead agency for locating, extricating and providing
emergency assistance to victims trapped in debris or wreckage
created by the disaster.
ESF #10 Hazardous Materials - Indian River County Environmental
Health Department
To provide inspection, containment, and cleanup of hazardous
materials accidents or releases.
ESF #11 Food and Water - Indian River County Department of
Emergency Services, Emergency Management Division and the
American Red Cross - Indian River County Chapter
To coordinate with ESF #6 to identify the food and water needs
of disaster victims, and to ensure that supplies of food and water
or vouchers to obtain them locally where possible) are provided.
ESF #1? Energy and Utilities - Indian River County Utilities
Department
To coordinate and direct the restoration of water, sewer, electrical
power, phone service, and fuel supplies.
ESF #13 Military Support - Florida National Guard
To coordinate RIAT assignments and National Guard resources to
assist in the ESFs where needed.
Basic Pae 56IndianRiverCountyComprehensiveEmergencyManagementPlan9
L-1
ESF #14 Public Information - Indian River County Department of
Emergency Services, Emergency Management Division
To establish and manage Joint Information Centers (JIC), and to
coordinate the dissemination of all disaster -related information to
the media and the general public.
ESF #15 Volunteers and Donations - Indian River County
Department of Emergency Services, Emergency Management
Division
To manage the receipt and distribution of donated goods and
services to meet requests in the wake of a disaster.
ESF #16 Law Enforcement and Security - Indian River County
Sheriff's Office
To provide armed escorts to emergency workers or transport
caravans and security to emergency facilities, as well as general
law enforcement services during an emergency.
ESF #17 Animal Care - Indian River County Department of
Emergency Services, Animal Control Division and the Humane
Society Vero Beach and Indian River County
To coordinate and provide adequate shelter and care for animals.
ESF #18 Special Needs Care - Indian River County Department of
Emergency Services, Emergency Medical Services Division
To coordinate and provide adequate shelter and care for citizens
with non -hospital special medical needs.
ESF #19 Emergency Medical Services - Indian River County
Department of Emergency Services, Emergency Medical Services
Division
To coordinate and direct field medical operations for search and
rescue, field hospitals, emergency response requests and
transportation.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan
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FIGURE 5
ESF MATRIX - PRIMARY AND SUPPORT AGENCIES
AGENCY ESF1 EBF2 ESFJ ESF4 ESFE ESFB ESF
7 ESFB ESF9 ESF10 ESF17 ESF
12
EBF
lT
ESF
1 ESF18 ESFiB ESF17 ESF
16
ESF
19
9.1. 1 COMMUNICATIONS S
ABLE HEALTH SERVICES
S
AMERICAN RED CROSS • S P S S P S S S
INDIAN RIVER CO.
CHAPTER
SELLSOUTH S E
CIVIL AIR PATROL S S S
COMMUNICATIONS INT'L S
COUNCIL ON AGING S
S
DISASTER MEDICAL SVCS S 5
FEDERAL AVIATION S
ADMINISTRATION
FELLSMERE, CRY OF S
guSElnp Dap.n t
S
Poea Dip d—1 6 S S S 5
PuhEc WO,k. S
FLLLSMERE FARMS
WATER CONTROL
DISTRICT B
FLORIDA. STATE OF I FCom—ka9onF, Div. of 6
Depw—t of
Lew Enlon—WS 5
FNt, ChMh' Awdadon S S
Fn11.IV. Div, of S
HghwFy Patrol.. S
Mallna P.VOI S
Na1k.1 O—d S S S S S 5 S S S P 6 S
FLORIDA EMERGENCY
PREPAREDNESS ASSOC. S S
FLORIDA POWER S LIGHT S
HOME HEALTH CARE
S --
HUMANE SOCIETY P
INDIAN RIVER COUNTY
Aiikuh-1 Exunalo.
Animal Connnl
I DCC Dike S
Dullding Doputmant 5
Community D—I.P—M B
mv aamin. omcaF s s
e19anoy Mana9a1' P P S P P
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 58
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Indian River County Comprehensive Ernergoncy Management Plan Basic Page 59
ESF ESF ESF ESF ESF ESP ESP ESP ESP ESF ESP ESP ESF ESF17 ESF18 ESF
19AOENOyESFESFESF
1 2 4 S 8 7 8 9 10 it 12 17 14 18 18
Em.rg—y M.dk.l P h
S-1— 5 S S
Envhonrrwntal Ht.ld
p J
Ph. S.rvlt.. i' I• 5 5
G.—.1 SITYIC./ S 5
ODI,. of Mot. G RudB.t
PawnnN
S
Pmp.,ty App. CHI-
PVbllt H..hh Unit 5 S P S
Public Work. I' S
6thool DI.trkt S S S u
Sh.rilU. Offi,.
p r
Sola W.u. Dip. DI.t,
Tlt.tommuN,.Uan. Dl,
5
Utkitl.t 5., S p
HOLMES REGIONAL
MEDICAL CENTER FIRST
FLIGHT
INDIANRIVER COUIJTY
VOLUNTEER AMBULANCE
SERVICE
INDIARIVER FARMS
uATEN
5
1 CONTROL DIST.
DIAN RIVER MEMORIAL 5
HDENTAL— rrINDIANRIVERMOSOUITO
CONTROL DISTRICT
5
INDIAN RIVER SHORES, rTOWNOF S
nulldinp O.p.rimtnt S
Pub Rt S.f.ty S S S S S
Publk W.11, S S
JOHN'S ISLAND S
SECURITY
MEDICAL EXAMINER'S S
OFFICE
ORCHID, TOWN OF S
RACES/ARES S
5T. JOHNS WATER
S
CONTROL DISTRICT
SALVATION ARMY S S S S S S
SEBASTIAN AIRPORT
Indian River County Comprehensive Ernergoncy Management Plan Basic Page 59
Indian River County Comprohonsivo Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 60
EbF ESF ESF ESP ESF ESF ESF ESF ESF ESP ESP ESP ESF ESF1B ES' I
EBF ESP ESF ESPAOEHCY
1 2 7 4 6 6 7 B 9 10 71 12 73 14 15 16 17
SEBASTIAN, CITY OF S
CommurJty 0".IopmwN S
5 S S S S
P.k. D.p.tt—I
Pu6So W.4. S 6 S B
SEBASTIAN RIVERS S S
MEDICAL CENTER
TAMPA GENERAL S
HOSPITAL
UNITED STATES
Al, Fora
J
Army
Cont 0—d 6
S
tAvin. Corp.
S
tAi3M1.ry R..wvs Unna
S
tl.vy
VERO BEACH, CITY OF
AYpalt
S
ul"Wo Pow" R..—co
Fl—c. S
Ilum.n Rt-u— G
Merin.
Pl. onmy i Zonk:p
Poli,. D.p.11m.nt s
PuLLLc Wolk. & Enp, S 1i
P Ich..Mg
Solid W.II.IGMS S
T--lj.lon & Ol.t.
W.I.r & S.— 5 5
VOLUNTEER ACTION CTR.
S
S
VETERINARY COMMU111TV
S
VNA111O5PICE
Indian River County Comprohonsivo Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 60
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D. DIRECTION & CONTROL
1. Discussion of decision-making authority retained at county level:
a. The on -scene commander or commanders in an emergency
response are local officials, usually a representative from
emergency management, law enforcement, fire or EMS.
Overall, local coordination and commitment authority for
local assets is retained by local elected officials, and
delegated to the County Emergency Management Director.
The Emergency Management Director is responsible for the
activation and maintenance of the operational readiness of
the EOC, directing county evacuation, opening shelters,
requesting state assistance and all recovery activities within
the county. County authorities, through the Emergency
Management Director, may also activate mutual aid
agreements with neighboring counties, and will coordinate
mutual aid agreements between municipalities within the
county.
2. Maintaining consistency with the Federal Emergency Management
Agency and State Emergency Operations Center, the followil g are
the levels of activation used by the County EOC:
a. Level I - Full Scale Activation:
In a full scale activation, all lead and support agencies are
notified. The EOC will be staffed by Emergency
Management personnel, volunteers and all ESFs.
b. Level II - Partial Activation of EOC:
This is a limited agency activation. All primary, or lead, ESF
agencies are notified. The EOC will be staffed by
Emergency Management personnel and necessary ESFs.
Level til - Monitoring Activation:
Typically a "monitoring" phase. Notification will be made
to those agencies and ESFs who would need to take action
as part of their everyday responsibilities.
1 Basic Page 61Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan
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3. Once the EOC has been activated by the Emergency Management
Director, all Department of Emergency Services personnel will be
recalled and placed on 12 -hour shifts to ensure 24-hour staffing of
the EOC and field operations. This arrangement will remain in
effect until released by the Emergency Management Director.
4. Upon activation of the EOC, the use of EM 2000 software will be
initiated. This software, also utilized by FDEM, is a sophisticated
way of controlling and documenting the flow of information within
the EOC. See Annex II -Support Functions, ESF #5 (information
and Planning) for more detailed information.
5. All mission requests and messages logged into EM2000 will be
monitored and tracked by ESF #5. Situation Reports will be
printed on a regular basis and forwarded to the Emergency
Management Director for his/her review and dissemination.
The Emergency Management Director and/or the EOC Supervisor
are responsible for developing and maintaining SOPs and
checklists, which detail how assigned responsibilities will be
implemented to support this plan.
Discussion of decision making authority of the SCO, GAR, Deputy
SCO response, SERT leader, and SERT ESFs:
a. At the State level, decision-making authority and
commitment of state assets is retained at the SEOC by the
SERT Leader, or some other designee within the DCA. The
SERT Leader may issue mission assignments to the lead
agencies of the state ESFs. Mission assignments and
mutual aid agreements, brokered by the state, are tracked
in the SEOC by a staff person reporting to the SERT Leader.
b. In the event of federal assistance, a SCO will be appointed
to interface directly with the federal government.
Depending on the complexity of the event and the need to
broaden span -of -control, the SCO may be supported and
assisted by the GAR and Deputy SCOs for Response and
Recovery. The Deputy SCOs are responsible for ensuring
close coordination between federal and state
representatives and anticipating the needs and conflicts in
the operation as it progresses.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 62
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Discussion of Direction and Control for Evacuation
a. The majority of evacuations are site specific and related to
a specific public safety hazard; this type of evacuation is
usually initiated by the first arriving public safety officer.
County -wide evacuations greater than a minor incident in
scope will be directed by the Emergency Management
Director, or his designee. Planned evacuations with notice,
such as would occur when hurricane warnings are
announced, may be initiated following a decision by the
Board of County Commissioners. In such cases, the
evacuation will be coordinated and administered by the
County officials using local government resources in
accordance with County evacuation plans. Indian River
County has mutual aid agreements with St. Lucie,
Okeechobee, Osceola, and Brevard Counties, and is a
participant in the Statewide Mutual Aid Agreement for
Catastrophic Response and Recovery to provide expanded
resource capability. These agreements will be developed,
coordinated and amended by the Emergency Management
Director. During any county administered evacuation that
does not require activation of the SEDC, state assistance
may be provided under the various state agencies' nc;mal
statutory authority through coordination by FDEM.
However, in the event of a multi -county, regional or
interregional evacuation, the Governor or the GAR may
issue an evacuation order in support of a local order. This
decision wi!I be made following consultation with the SCO,
the Deputy SCO for Response, and the SERT leader and
representatives of the impacted counties.
C. All, state assistance and support of such evacuations will be
coordinated from the SEOC under the direction and control
of the SERT Leader. Decisions on evacuation issues, such
as lifting tolls on state toll facilities, locking down
drawbridges, deploying and pre -deploying personnel,
determining regional evacuation routes, directing people
caught on evacuation routes to safe shelter, ensuring the
sufficiency of reasonably priced fuel, and addressing any
emergency medical issues relative to evacuation. The
following types of decisions will be made after coordination
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 63
s
between the SERT Leader, the affected State ESF and the
impacted counties.
9. Discussion of Direction and Control for Shelter
The decision of opening shelters is a responsibility of the
Emergency Management Director. Should a request for assistance
be made to the SEOC, it will be to support the local sheltering plan
with assistance in staffing shelters; identifying additional shelters;
and managing shelters with a shortfall of resources. The SEOC
will coordinate through ESF #6 (Mass Care) any requests for
assistance from other ESFs that will be needed to support multi -
county, regional and interregional shelter operations.
a. The SERT Leader, following discussions with the GAR, ESF
6 (Mass Care) and the representatives of the impacted
counties, will provide information regarding the status of
evacuation orders and the potential for shelter needs on a
county, regional, inter- regional, and/or statewide basis.
All state assistance and support of sheltering will be
coordinated from the SEOC through ESF #6 (Mass Care),
under the direction and control of the SERT L, !ader.
Decisions on sheltering issues will be made after
coordination between appropriate State ESFs, impacted
counties and the SERT Leader.
10. Discussion of Relationship Between Primary and Support Agencies
in the ESFs:
a. An agency may be designated "the primary" for an ESF for
a number of reasons. The agency may have a statutory
responsibility to perform that function, or through its
programmatic or regulatory responsibilities, the agency may
have developed the necessary expertise to lead the ESF. In
some agencies, a portion of the agency's mission is very
similar to the mission of the ESF; therefore, the skills to
respond in a disaster can be immediately translated from the
daily business of that agency. Whatever the reason an
agency is designated as the " primary" agency, that agency
has the necessary contacts and expertise to coordinate the
activities of that support function. For a list of primary
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 64
j _ . . ,_
FIGURE 6 - PRIMARY AGENCY LISTING
ATE
ESF FUNCTION NAME PRIMARY AGENCY PRIMARYAGENCY
1 TRANSPORTATION
COMMUNICATIONS
I.R. Co. School Board Transportation Department
I.R. Co. Department of Emergency Services .
Emergency Management Division and Radiological
Preparedness Division
Department of Transportation
Department of
Management Services2
3 PUBLIC WORKS AND ENG.
FIREFIGHTING
I.R. Co. Public Works Department
I.R. Co. Department of Emergency Services •
Fire Services Division
Department of Transportation
DepanState menMarahalt of urance
4
INFORMATION AND PLANNING I.R. Co. Department of Emergency Services •
Emergency Management Divirlon
Department of Community Affairs
5
6 MASS CARE American Red Cross -
Indian River County Chapter
Department of Business and
Professional Regulation
7 RESOURCE SUPPORT
HEALTH AND MEDICAL
URBAN SEARCH AND RESCUE
I.R. Co. Department of Emergency Services -
Emergency Management Division
Department of
Management Services
8 I.R. Co. Public Health Unit
Services - I.R. Co. Department of
Fife Series Division I.R. CO. Seriff's Office
Department of Heahh
State
Fncy
ent of urance
irenMarshal9
HAZAflDOUS MATERIALS I.R. Co. Environmental Health Department of Environmental
Protection10
FOOD AND WATER American Red Cross .
Indian River County Chapter
Department of Agriculture and
Consumer Services11
ENERGY AND UTILITIES I.R. Co. Utilities Department Public Service Cr ,nmission -
Department of Community Affairs12
MILITARY SUPPORT
PUBLIC INFORMATION
Florida National Guard
I.R. Co. Department of Emergency Services -
Emergency Management Division
Department of Military Affairs
Department of Community Affairs
13
14
15 VOLUNTEERS AND DONATIONS I.R. Co. Department of Emergency Services •
Emergency Management Division
FloriServd
ic.
Commission on Community
16 LAW ENFORCEMENT AND SECURITY I.R. Co. Sheriff's Office Florida Department of Law
Enforcement
17 ANIMAL CARE I.R. Co. Department of Emergency Services -
Department
Animal Control Division/Humane Society
of Agriculture and
Consumer Services
18 SPECIAL NEEDS CARE I.R. Co. Department of Emergency Services •
Emergency Medical Services Division
Departmentf Health and
State EMS
19 EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES I.R. Co. Department of Emergency Services •
Emergency Medical Services Division
nd
RehabilDepartitative
Servicesent
of Health ,
State EMS
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 66
41
C. The primary agency for the ESF will be responsible for
obtaining all information relating to ESF activities and
requirements caused by the disaster and disaster response.
This information gathering will frequently require the lead
agency to step outside traditional information gathering
protocols.
The County will respond to local requests for assistance
through the ESF process. Within the EOC, requests for
assistance will be tasked to the ESF for completion. The
primary agency will be responsible for coordinating the
delivery of that assistance to the disaster area.
11. SERT Support Staff
a. Upon activation of the SEOC, the FDEM becomes the
support staff to the SERT. The SERT support staff is
charged with ensuring that SEOC procedures for information
management and decision making is timely and accurate.
12. Discussion of Mission Assignments
The SERT Leader, SCO, or Deputy SCO will issue mission
assignments to the primary state agency for the ESF based
on the local government's identified resource shortfall.
Resource taskings to the state agencies will be
accomplished through the ESFs on a mission assignment
basis. The "tasking on a mission assignment basis" means
that a local government resource shortfall will be addressed
through assigning a mission to address the shortfall rather
than tasking specific pieces of equipment or personnel.
b. The primary state agency for that ESF will be responsible
for identifying the particular resource or resources that will
accomplish the mission and coordinate the delivery of that
resource to the local government.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 67
40)
13. Discussion of Mutual Aid Agreements and Memoranda of
Understanding
a. Mutual aid agreements and memorandum of understandings
are an essential component of emergency management
planning, response and recovery activities. These
agreements for reciprocal emergency aid and assistance, in
case of emergencies, can increase resources and improve
response and recovery efforts.
b. Chapter 252, Florida Statues, authorizes FDEM to make
available any equipment, services, or facilities owned or
organized by the state or its political subdivisions for use in
the affected area, upon request by the Emergency
Management Director. The FDEM is authorized to reinforce
emergency management agencies in areas stricken by
emergencies.
C. The Statewide Mutual Aid Compact will have the
participating political subdivision communicate requests for
mutual aid through the FDEM; any responses from assisting
parties will be directed from and coordinated by the FDEM.
Municipalities will coordinate requests through the County
Division of Emergency Management. This will ensure t,iat
the County and State are aware of and coordinates all
resources that are mobilized.
DEM's coordination of mutual aid agreements is critical to
the direction and control of the overall response and
recovery efforts. Without DEM as the control point,
severely impacted political subdivisions may not receive the
type and amount of assistance needed if each political
subdivision independently requests and executes
agreements.
In accnrdance with Chapter 252, Florida Statutes, Florida
also has mutual aid agreements and memorandum of
understanding with other states and private organizations.
These agreements provide additional resources for FDEM to
have access to if needed.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 68
The SERT support staff will monitor and coordinate all
requests and executed agreements. Records will be
maintained of agreement participants to effectively
administer this activity.
14. Transition from EOC to the DFO EOC
A Presidential Disaster Declaration means that several
federal aid programs will be implemented. The
administration of the federal aid programs will be conducted
from a DFO that FEMA will establish in the disaster area.
The establishment of post -disaster aid programs is
described as the start of the recovery phase.
The "response phase" and "recovery phase" of the disaster
will, for a period of time, be occurring simultaneously. The
response phase" will be coordinated and conducted
through the ESFs located at the EOC. The "recovery
phase" will be coordinated and conducted at the EOG with
a transition to the DFO as appropriate.
E. NOTIFICATION AND WARNING
The Indian River County Department of Emergency Sel rices
operates a 24-hour emergency communications center, either at
the main office location during routine business hours, or at the
Sheriff's Office during off -hours. The Department may receive
initial warning of a disaster or pending disaster from the
Emergency Satellite Communications
System (ESATCOM),
National Weather Service, a Nuclear Power Plant, the SEDC,
municipal government, or the news media. If a determination that
a disaster or emergency has occurred or is imminent, the
emergency management staff will notify key personnel.
The primary communication system operative through the
Department prior to, during, or after an emergency is the State of
Florida's SUNCOM telephone network. SUNCOM is a commercial
carrier telephone service operated by the State.
The ESATCOM System is a back-up dedicated voice and data
system that links the office, through the State Warning Point, with
each County Warning Point, the National Weather Service,
National Hurricane Center, St. Lucie Nuclear Power Plant,
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 69
L
Emergency Alert System Control Stations, South Florida Water
Management District and the Department of Military Affairs.
When a determination has been made that inter -county resources
will be required, appropriate DEM personnel will notify the ESF
leaders from the required ESF. The ESF leaders will be responsible
for alerting or notifying necessary personnel within their respective
ESFs.
Approximately 1% of the general population is deaf and 8% are
hearing impaired. According to the most recent demographic
reports, there are approximately 2. 5 million deaf and 20 million
hearing-impaired persons residing in the United States. While it is
uncertain how many deaf or hearing-impaired residents are in
Indian River County, our office is prepared to handle these calls
through the use of a Telecommunications Device for the Deaf
TDD). A TDD is a machine that can be connected to the
telephone providing deaf and hard -of -hearing people with a way to
use a telephone without an interpreter. TDD users type their
messages on a standard typewriter keyboard which is read on a
display by the receiver using compatible equipment. The Indian
River County Department of Emergency Services' TDD telephone
number is published in the BellSouth Text Telephone [ irectory
annually. The County switchboard is also equipped with TDD
equipment, thus facilitating a transfer of a caller, if necessary.
Television stations also display information via trailers for the
hearing impaired.
In order to broaden our capabilities with speaking with the non-
english speaking communities of Indian River County, we
subscribe to AT&T Language Line. They are the world's largest
provider of 24-hour over -the -phone interpretation. In addition, we
have several local residents who have offered their interpreter
services. Either of these services would be available to non-
english speaking callers. Additionally, public service
announcements are also broadcast in Spanish.
3. Our office maintains a fax network for disseminating up-to-the-
minute weather warnings, or other warnings, to all local law
enforcement and governmental officials/organizations. We also
have a transmitting device called a Plectron. The receiver is
available for purchase. The transmitter sends audible messages
through the Emergency Management repeater.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 70
4. Cable TV interrupt service allows our office to interrupt currently
broadcasting television programs with current weather warnings,
or other warnings, pertaining to our immediate area.
5. Once the Emergency Operations Center is activated, the EOC will
be broadcasting live on the government access channel. These
channels can be found on AT&T Cable channel 13 in the south
county area, and Falcon Cable channel 35 in the north county
area.
6. Amateur radio communications nre provided by RACES/ARES
volunteers, using equipment within the EOC. More specific
information related to communications issues can be found in the
description for ESF #2 (Communications), located in Annex I -
Response Functions.
7. The primary EOC has auxiliary power provisions capable of
sustaining operations for five days. The secondary EOC has
auxiliary power provisions capable of sustaining operations for
three days.
8. The Emergency Management Director, and his staff, will notify key
officials and emergency related organizations of any signifi ant
emergency events that may promulgate the opening of the EOC.
The Emergency Management Director, and/or his designee, has the
authority to activate the public warning system at any time an
emergency event threatens persons or property.
10. Predetermined evacuation areas include the barrier island, low-lying
areas, mobile/manufactured homes, sub -standard housing, RV
parks and marinas. Initial notification will be through media
resources and may be augmented by the use of bull horn
announcements and door-to-door visits by public safety officers.
11. The County FOC will communicate with the SEDC on all
activations, warnings and SITREPS by means of either ESATCOM,
commercial telephone or radio frequency links.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 71
Response Actions
1. General
a. Activation of County Plan If a disaster threatens prior to the
Governor's decision to issue an Executive Order or
Proclamation of a State of Emergency, the Emergency
Management Director, or his designee, may activate this
plan; this may be followed by a declaration of a local State
of Emergency as outlined in County Ordinance 91-18. In
this situation, the DEM will coordinate any emergency
response actions that may be necessary for the immediate
protection of life and property.
When an emergency or disaster has occurred or is
imminent, the Governor may issue an Executive Order or
Proclamation of a State of Emergency, activating the
emergency response, recovery and mitigation aspects of
state, local and inter -jurisdictional disaster plans that apply
to the affected area. Such orders or proclamations are
needed for the deployment and use of state personnel,
supplies, equipment, materials and/or facilities that are
available.
b. Activation of EOC The EOC will be activated by the
Emergency Management Director upon determination of a
significant and immediate threat to life and property.
C. School Closing The Emergency Management Director, or
his designee, will establish direct communication with the
Indian River County School District Superintendent.
Together they will make the decision of when to close and
re -open schools. The official announcement will be made
by the Superintendent of Schools.
Request for Federal and State Assistance When disaster
effects become such that the resources of Indian River
County and/or its municipalities are inadequate to fulfill the
needs of the citizens, then aid and assistance may be
requested from the State of Florida and the Federal
Government. Such requests for State and Federal
assistance will be made through the Indian River County
Emergency Management Division to the Florida Division of
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 72
40
e
Emergency Management. Assistance required may be in
the form of information, technical expertise or substantial
financial, material or resource needs. A Declaration of State
of Local Emergency is a prerequisite to receive State and
Federal disaster assistance. A diagram depicting the
declaration process is attached to this document and
identified as Figure 7.
When the County is under a warning or threatened by an
impending disaster, emergency workers will be relieved in
shifts to prepare their families and property. While no
special provisions have been made for the safety and
welfare of families of emergency workers, they have been
encouraged to develop their own family disaster plan.
The Emergency Management Director, or his designee, is
responsible for establishing a liaison with the state response
and recovery agencies and teams. ESFs will interface with
State RIAT and RRTs to assist in the impact assessment
and rescue/recovery operations.
See Annex II - Recovery
and Mitigation Actions, for more information.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 73
i
C FIGURE 7
DECLA RA TION PROCESS
Incident
Local Response
r..
State Involvement
r.
i
Joint FEMA/State/Local PDA
r..
Governor's Request
J-..
FEMA Regional Office Assessment
r..
FEMA Headquarters' Recommendation to the White House
r..
President's Decision
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 74
2. Evacuation
a. CLEARANCE TIMES (in hours) FOR INDIAN RIVER
COUNTY. Established by the 1994 Treasure Coast
Hurricane Evacuation Study:
STORM SCENARIO SUMMER LATE FALL
SEASON SEASON
Category 1-2 Hurricane:
5.50 hours 6.00 hoursRapidResponse
Medium Response 6.50 hours 7.00 hours
Long Response 9.50 hours 9.50 hours
Category 3-5 Hurricane:
8.25 hours 8.75 hoursRapidResponse
Medium Response 9.00 hours 9.50 hours
Long Response 10.00 hours 10.50 hours
b. As part of the public information program, evacuation
information and routes are published annually in the local
telephone directory, as well as in an annual supplement to
the local newspapers, the Press Journal and the Florida
Today. Evacuation information is attached to this document
and identified as Figure 8.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 75
w1D
40
1 Figure 8
m
0 Highlands Elementary
1110 18thAve, S.W.
JA * Thompson Elementary
Glendale EWmd.,y
4040 Eighth St.
Vwo Beach High School
1707 16th SL
Freshmen Learning Cwlw
OSID Middle
480 201h Ave— SW
Giffoid Middle School
2726 4fAh SL
Prilican let" Elementary
1355 Schu" rin Drive
Siabaslian Elementary
M400
C-nty Road 612
Sek..fi.n River Middle
Sc hool, 9400 CA. W
Special Needs Shelter
H; School. C.R.510
1 1400 AM
li,,cslions before emergency
Inlet
ridge
RIIIER
i Jackson
the web... Bridgesh.1 utie
10.
Indian It k ,
04
verfliver Gulf of
Waba—
causaww
city linnit. I. Riorns, Drive.
an., U4,11, tM Mwnl Barter Gifford Ocean
Bridge w State Road So 1.
Routat
AREA 3 RESIDENTS
Riomar Drive to the south Indian
War
Rivet Cocinly lins, shalt the St.
Beach
171h 6 Bridge to reach the
VE—
Peoplat residing in Area 1, hom
Composite
ridge
RIIIER
Indian River Shcares city limits,
the web... Bridgesh.1 utie
the mainla nd.
P;;;;R AREA 2 RESIDENTS J:
People residing in Area 2, ftom
Atlanticcitylinnit. I. Riorns, Drive.
an., U4,11, tM Mwnl Barter Gifford Ocean
Bridge w State Road So 1.
AREA 3 RESIDENTS
Riomar Drive to the south Indian Barber
Rivet Cocinly lins, shalt the St. Bridge
I171h6Bridgetoreach the
VE—
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 76
ridge
Oslo
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 76
40
40
in July of 1989, the Indian River County Department of
Emergency Services formed a committee to address people
within Indian River County with Special Medical Needs.
Since then, the goal of the Special Need's Shelter Program
is to provide a safe place for persons requiring medical
assistance to temporarily shelter during an evacuation from
either a man-made or natural disaster, rather than
inundating local hospitals with a large number of people that
a specially equipped and staffed shelter could adequately
handle.
Regular public shelters available under emergency conditions
will accept anyone who is self-sufficient, and who needs no
outside professional assistance in performing activities of
daily living. Individuals not meeting the above criteria will
either be referred to the special need's shelter or referred to
an appropriate health care facility. The regular public
shelters will have nursing personnel and volunteers to assist
evacuees from the time of arrival at the shelter. Individuals
with decreased mobility without medical problems will be
provided for in a regular shelter.
Registration for evacuation assistance will be provided for
anyone who requires assistance with evacuation during an
emergency to either a regular public shelter or to the Special
Need's Shelter. Individuals needing transportation need to
register with the special need's program prior to the
hurricane season.
Special Need's registrants have been separated and
categorized to the level of assistance required. This includes
evacuees requiring space in shelter only, transportation and
space in shelter only, space in the special need's shelter
only; transportation and space in the special need's shelter
only Lind transportation to a local hospital only (if pre -
admitted).
The focus of the Special Need's Shelter is the medical
support and care of persons who require special care during
an evacuation at a shelter, such as:
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 77
s
People with minor health/medical conditions
that require observation, assessment and
maintenance;
Elderly people dependent on others for daily
assistance;
People with chronic conditions who require
assistance with activities of daily living;
People with the frequent need for medications
and/or vital sign readings, who are unable to
do so without regular assistance;
Individuals who need a life-support system
requiring electricity;
Individuals with restricted mobility in need of
medical assistance.
As with any shelter, individuals who plan on utilizing the
Special Need's facility must provide their own bedding,
medications and supplies to the best of their ibility.
Supplies would include oxygen equipment, linens, pillows,
blankets, chairs, medical supplies, medications, and any
other personal items to make the stay as comfortable as
possible. Drinking water and any non-perishable food items
are also encouraged. Any special dietary foods required by
a special care evacuee will be his/her responsibility.
Assistance from the parking area into the Special Need's
Shelter will be available.
I+cems such as emergency oxygen equipment, first aid
vupplies, and advanced life support medications and
equipment will be provided by the Division of Emergency
Mediral Services.
The location of the Special Need's Shelter in Indian River
County is the Sebastian River High School, 9001 90th
Avenue, Sebastian. The facility, recently built, is designed
for the handicapped, and has an adequate space capacity
for the special need's citizens of our county.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 78
40
Registration is required to allow entrance into the Special
Need's Shelter. There are some limitations; specifically,
those patients with high-risk pregnancy (within four weeks
of delivery), unstable medical conditions, and citizens living
in adult living facilities or nursing homes. Adult living
facilities and nursing homes are mandated by the state to
have alternate emergency evacuation plans in place for their
residents.
There are approximately seventy mobile home/recreational
vehicle parks located within Indian River County. This
figure equates to 6,699 dwellings, or a population of
approximately 15,000 (15% of the total population). To
ensure the safety and well being of mobile home residents
during hurricane conditions, these communities would be
amongst the first to be issued an evacuation order. A
roster indicating the location and number of residents for
each mobile home/RV park is attached to this document and
identified as Figure 9. This list will be updated as needed.
e. Approximately 10% of the Indian River County population
are boat owners. A lack of hurricane experience has
created a dilemma for boaters and the marine commun,ty.
About 25% of hurricane fatalities result from boaters trying
to secure vessels in deteriorating storm conditions. There
are approximately six commercial marinas within Indian
River County with an approximate marine craft capacity of
400. Indian River County and the Florida Inland Navigation
District, in cooperation with both public and private marine
agencies, have developed a publication entitled Hurricane
Manual for Marine Interests in Indian River County. This
manual was developed to provide boaters and marina
operators with updated and reliable information to help
guide their actions and is distributed through our public
presentations as well as being available at the Emergency
Management office. A chart identifying marina locations and
their marine craft capacity is attached to this document and
identified as Figure 10. This chart will be updated as
needed.
f. There are three bridges in Indian River County, identified in
Section it -13, that connect the barrier island to the mainland,
neither of which are of the draw nor swing variety.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 79
40
C
Figure 9
MOBILE HOME & RV PARKS
Indian River County, Florida
March 1997)
PARK/CAMP NAME & LOCATION MOBILE HOME
SPACES
RV SPACES I TOTAL
SPACES
Aspen Whispering Palms Mobile 328 257 585
10305 U.S. #1
Sebastian, FL 32958
Aspen Enterprises, Ltd.
Citrus Park Village Mobile Home 75 0 75
Vero Beach Airport
Vero Beach, FL 32961
City of Vero Beach
Coachland Court 34 0 34
365 27th Avenue, S.W.
Vero Beach, FL 32962
Win -Gray, Inc,
Connecticut Mobile Park 8 12 20
8085 U.S. #1 North
Wabasso, FL 32967
Edward Strnad
Countryside North
644 0 644
8775 20th Street
Vero Beach, FL 32966
Ellenburg Capital Corp.
Countryside South 287 0 287
1405 82nd Avenue
Vero Beach, FL 32966
J. H. Chastain & J. Heagerty
Donald McDonald Park 2 28 30
12315 Roseland Road
Roseland, FL 32957
Indian River County
in Mobile Home Park 8 0ceandU.S. #1FFL32958
oConstance Gates
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 80
C--]
C1
PARK/CAMP NAME &
LOCATION MOBILE HOME
SPACES
RV SPACES I TOTAL
SPACES
EI Capitan Mobile Home Park 39 5 44
12939 Indian River Drive
Sebastian, FL 32958
Potter Enterprises
Fairlane Harbor Mobile Home Estates 232 0 232
1500 S. Indian River Boulevard
Vero Beach, FL 32960
Frank Stawara
Fellsmere Trailer Park 18 2 20
126 Myrtle Street
Fellsmere, FL 32948
Frank Clavelin
Fischers Corner Trailer Park 5 0 5
10785 U.S. #1
Sebastian, FL 32958
Henry A. Fischer, DDS
Heritage Village Mobile Home Park 436 0 436
1101 Ranch Road
Vero Beach, FL 32966
American Retirement Community
Heron Cay 601 O 601
1400 90th Avenue
Vero Beach, FL 32966
Heron Cay Corp.
High Ridge Mobile Park 71 0 71
4910 33rd Avenue
Vero Beach, FL 32960
Wellford E. Hardee
Hilltop Mobile Court 7 0 6
8550 58th Avenue
Wabasso, FL 32970
Inez E. Sledge
Hobo Park 6 0 6
500 1st Street
Vero Beach, FL 32.962
Ed Fearn
Holiday Village Mobile Home Park 128 1 128
1000 S.W. 27th Avenue
Vero Beach, FL 32968
Ellenburg Capital Corp.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 81
all
A
IIPARK/CAMP NAME & LOCATION MOBILE HOME RV SPACES TOTAL
SPACES SPACES
Industrial Trailer Park 11 0 22
5085 45th Street
Vero Beach, FL 32967
J.Johnson
Karr's Riverland Mobile Home Park 8 0 8
13395 N. Indian River Drive
Sebastian, FL 32958
John Karr
Kentucky Kolonel Kottages 6 2 8
13320 Indian River Drive
Sebastian, FL 32958
Joseph and Nancy Szojka
Kittys Trailer Park 12 0 12
8420 Old Dixie Highway
Wabasso, FL 32967
N.P.N.S., Inc.
Lakewood Village
376 0 376
1455 90th Avenue
Vero Beach, FL 32966
Clayton, Williams & Sherwood
Maggie Runyon Trailer Park 16 0 16
506 1st Street
Vero Beach, FL 32962
Maggie Runyon
Midway Estates Mobile Home Park 204 0 204
1950 South U.S. 1
Vero Beach, FL 32962
Rocf, Inc.
New Horizons 85 0 85
100 Vickers Road
Sebastian, FL 32958
Horizons -Sebastian, Inc.
Orchard Park Mobile Park 7 1 8
8050 N. U.S. 1 North
Vero Beach, FL 32967
June Gaudot
Palm Lake of Sebastian, Inc. 136 0 136
30 Treasure Circle
Sebastian, FL 32958
Coastal Home Trading Corp.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 82
40
PARKICAMP NAME & LOCATION MOBILE HOME RV SPACES TOTAL
SPACES SPACES
Palm Paradise Park 43 20 63
7945 N. U.S. 1
Vero Beach, FL 32967
Ed Valentine
Palm Villa Mobile Home Park 24 8 32
2255 26th Street
Vero Beach, FL 32960
John H. Pierson
Palmer Trailer Park 25 0 25
11330 Indian River Drive
Sebastian, FL 32958
Palmer Trust
Park Place Mobile Home Park 211 0 211
1000 Stratton Avenue
Sebastian, FL 32958
Park Place, LTD
Parks Mobile Court
2 18 20
1101 U.S. 1
Sebastian, FL 32958
1st Union National Bank, Trustee
Pickerill Park 8 0 8
1420 Pickerill Lane
Vero Beach, FL 32960
John M. Pickerill
Ranchland Mobile Home Park 108 0 108
2055 82nd Avenue
Vero Beach, FL 32966
Ellenburg Capital Corp.
Riverview Trailer Park, Inc. 18 0 18
1026 Indian River Drive
Sebastian, FL 32958
Roland Foster
Ron's Island Court, Inc. 9 1 10
87th Street & 55th Avenue
Wabasso, FL 32958
Ronald F. Gaudet
Royal Trailer Park 15 0 15
13825 97th Street
Fellsmere, FL 32948
Harold & Bea Royal
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 83
40
C
PARKICAMP NAME & LOCATIONMOBILE HOME
SPACES
RV SPACES TOTAL
SPACES
Safari Pines 45 0 45
4600 26th Street
Vero Beach, FL 32961
Dodgertown, Inc.
Sago Palm Mobile Home Park 10 1 11
9687 U.S. 1
Sebastian, FL 32958
John Sexeny
Sebastian Inlet State Recreation 0 51 51
9700 South A1A
Melbourne Beach, FL 32951
Florida Dept. of Environmental
Protection
Sebastian Trailer Park 27 0 27
516 Indian River Drive
Sebastian, FL 32958
Good Guys, Inc.
Shady Rest Mobile Home Park 117 0 117
13225 U.S. #1
Sebastian, FL 32958
C & G Investments II'
ISilverwood13013
5460 45th Street
Vero Beach, FL 32960
Earl Squires
Southgate Village 109 0 109
750 12th Street
Vero Beach, FL 32960
Ruth E. Wold & Jeanne F. Borge
Squire Village Mobile Home Park 29 0 29
1275 27th Avenue, S.W.
Vero Beach, FL 32968
Richard Tallman
Su -Rana Mobile Home park 79 0 79
810 8th Street
Vero Beach, FL 32962
Irene Donatelli
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 84
40
PARK/CAMP NAME & LOCATION MOBILE HOME
SPACES
RV SPACES I TOTAL
SPACES
Sunset Mobile Home Park 16 0 16
9885 U.S. 1
Sebastian, FL 32958
Sunset Mobile Home Park, Inc.
Sunshine Travel Park 0 300 300
9455 108th Avenue
Sebastian, FL 32978
William Chase
Tanglewood Village Mobile Home 110 18 128
1060 U.S. 1 S.W.
Vero Beach, FL 32962
T V Park Ltd.
The Cottages 8 1 9
9707 U.S. 1
Wabasso, FL 32967
Robert A. Gates
Tom Sawyers Gardens 13 0 13
9230 U.S. Highway #1
Wabasso, FL 32970
Louise Miller
Tranquil Hall Court 8 0 8
4560 54th Drive
Vero Beach, FL 32967
Faustine Hall
Vero Beach KOA 7 120 127
8850 N. U.W. #1
Wabasso, FL 32970
Vero Beach Kamp
Vero Mobile Home Park 47 7 54
1228 24th Street
Vero Beach, FL 32960
Billie Biggers
Village Green 780 0 780
7300 20th Street
Vero Beach, FL 32966
Pmra/Cws Mobile Home Partners
Vining Mobile Home Park 13 0 13
11325 S. Old Dixie Highway
Sebastian, FL 32958
Joseph Vining
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 85
qD
PARK/CAMP NAME &
LOCATION MOBILE HOME RV SPACES TOTAL
SPACES SPACES
Wabasso Mobile Home Park 37 0 37
8125 N. U.S. !t1
Wabasso, FL 32967
Wabasso Land Corp. & Blake Fla.
Wilkerson Mobile Home Park 8 0 8
BB55 50th Avenue
Wabasso, FL 32958
Marion Stough
Winter Beach Mobile Park 6 0 8
6600 U.S. #1 North
Winter Beach, FL 32967
Don Quenzer & Pat Davis
Woodlawn Manor Mobile Home Park 94 2 96
555 4th Street
Vero Beach, FL 32967
Win -Gray Enc. Inc.
Youngs Trailer Park 14 0 14
5125 45th Street
Vero Beach, FL 32967
P T & F, Inc.
rvw a iv. County 5 845 854 6,699
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan t3asic rage 00
e
Figure 10
MARINAS
Indian River County, Florida
March 1997)
MARINA NAME & LOCATION MARINE CRAFT
CAPACITY
Captain Hiram's 52
Sebastian Inlet Marina & Trading Co.
1606 Indian River Drive
Sebastian, FL 32958
Martin Carter, Dockmaster
561-388-6169
Complete Yacht 14
3599 E. Indian River Drive
Vero Beach, FL 32963
Eddie Costa, Dockmaster
561- 231-2111
Richard Fey & Sons 42
806 Indian River Drive
Sebastian, FL 32958
Jody Fey, Dockmaster
561-589-2628
Grand Harbor Marina 144
5510 N. Harbor Village Drive
Vero Beach, FL 32968
Sam Smith, Director
561-770.4470
May's Marina 25
1732 Indian River Drive
Sebastian, FL 32958
Robert Flood, Dockmaster
561-589-2552
Micco Marina 50
4015 Main Street
Sebastian, FI 32958
William Skog, Owner/Mgr.
561-664-8300
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 87
Qb
O
MARINA NAME & LOCATION MARINE CRAFT
CAPACITY
Miner's Marina, Inc.
200
dry storage in barn) 8685 U.S. Highway 1
Micco, FL 32976
John Cristifori, Manager
561-664.8500
Riomar Bay Yacht Club
41
2345 Highway AIA
Vero Beach, FL 32963
Steve Leonard, Dockmaster
561. 231.4976
Sea Oaks Yacht Club
48
1235 Winding Oaks Circle
Vero Beach, FL 32963
Kristen Thompson, Manager
561- 231-9828
Sebastian Offshore Marine, Inc. 20
1532 N. Indian River Drive
Sebastian, FL 32958
Dave Dabrowski, Dockmaster
561-589.8465
Sebastian River Marina & Boat Yard 10
8525 Highway 1
Sebastian, FL 32958
Doug Hillman, Owner
561-664-3029
Sembler Marina Partners, Ltd. 110
1660 Indian Drive
Sebastian, FL 32958
Nancy Tarsitano, Dockmaster
561-589.4843
Sportsman's Lodge
10
412 Indian River Drive
Sebastian, FL 32958
Phil Branham, Owner
561-589-2020
Vero Reach Municipal Marina 75 slips/
3611 Rio Vista Boulevard 42 moorings
Vero Beach, FL 32963
Bill Eastman, Dockmaster
561- 231-2819
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan nasic rage o0
771
r:7
MARINA NAME & LOCATION MARINE CRAFT
CAPACITY
Vero Marine Cantor
49
12 Royal Palm Boulevard
Vero Beach, FL 92960
Bruce McIntyre, Dockmaster
561-562-7922
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 89
g. The decision to re-enter evacuation areas will be based on
a review of the information collected by the impact
assessment teams and other organizations with damage
assessment responsibilities to determine that conditions
within the affected areas are safe for public access.
The number one response priority for re-entry will be
mobilization and dispatch of search and rescue, as well as
damage assessment teams into the impacted areas to
search for survivors and provide assessments of the
damage. These operations will be the first response
elements programmed for re-entry and they will consist of
representatives from law enforcement, fire, EMS,
emergency management, public works, utility providers,
property appraisers, building officials, American Red Cross,
etc.
Re-entry by the general public will be approved by the
Emergency Management Director and will be relayed to the
public through ESF #14 (Public Information).
3. Sheltering
In the event of an evacuation, assistance will be coordinated from
the EOC. There are twelve designated primary shelters (including
the Special Need's Shelter) located within Indian River County,
none of which are located in designated storm surge areas. A list
of the American Red Cross primary shelters is attached to this
document and identified as Figure 11.
The " Refuge of Last Resort" concept is currently not an approved
nor condoned concept within Indian River County. Residents are
expected to evacuate from the barrier islands, low-lying areas,
sub -standard housing and mobile homes/RVs. However, once
winds reach a sustained tropical force wind speed of 40 mph, all
residents will be. urged to get off of the roads and seek shelter in
the nearest substantial building in a room without windows and
structural reinforcement. Guidance on selecting safe rooms and
taking precautionary measures are provided in public information
materials.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 90
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The following initial actions will take place relative to sheltering:
a. Notification to the SWP;
b. Coordination of sheltering (i.e., communications, nursing,
sanitation, food and security);
C. Coordination of the activation and provision of mutual aid;
d. Coordination with the SEDC for the opening of host shelters
in areas not anticipated being in harm's way; and
e. Coordination of the provision of additional resources (i.e.,
communications equipment and operators, nursing staff,
administrative shelter and other support staff).
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 91
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FIGURE 11
AMERICAN RED CROSS
PRIMARY SHELTERS
Fellsmere Elementary School
50 North Cypress Street
Fellsmere, Florida 32948
Sebastian Elementary School
400 County Road 512
Sebastian, Florida 32958
Glendale Elementary School
4940 8th Street
Vero Beach, Florida 32960
Sebastian Rvr Mid. Jr. Hi. School
9400 County Road 512
Sebastian, Florida 32958
J.A. Thompson Elementary School
1110 18th Avenue, S.W.
Vero Beach, Florida 32962
Oslo Middle School
480 20th Avenue SW
Vero Beach, Florida 32962
V.B.H.S. Freshman Learning Center
1507 19th Street
Vero Beach, Florida 32960
Gifford Middle Seven School
2726 45th Street
Gifford, Florida 32967
Highland Elementary School
500 20th Street
Vero Beach, Florida 32962
Pelican Island Elementary Schoo
1355 Schumann Drive
Sebastian, Florida 32958
Vero Beach Senior High School
1707 16th Street
Vero Beach, Florida 32960
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G. Recovery Actions
The Recovery Phase will begin during the response phase and may
encompass these general areas:
Damage assessment of the residential, government and business sectors
for the purpose of administration of programs to restore them to their
pre -disaster level of functioning; and
Administration of programs to mitigate the consequences of future
disasters.
1. Initial Actions
a. Monitor the disaster event and analyze available information
regarding disaster conditions;
b. Identify locations for the DFO and DRCs;
C. Assemble and brief recovery staff;
d. Place recovery support personnel on stand-by status, as
necessary. Brief personnel on disaster conditions and
potential for deployment; and
e. Establish liaison with recovery staff in municipal EOCs.
2. Continuing Actions
a. Maintain coordination with the state recovery staff;
b. Establish and support the DFO as necessary;
C. Maintain liaison with the SEOC and municipal EOCs to
monitor disaster conditions; and
d. Coordinate federal and state disaster assistance programs
and make recommendations to the SCO regarding continued
staffing.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 93
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IV. RESPONSIBILITIES
A. General
All County departments, constitutional officers, municipalities, and
volunteer agencies are responsible for the following general items:
Develop the necessary functional annexes, appendices, standard
operating procedures (SOPS) and checklists for the effective,
efficient organization and performance of functions required to
respond to and recover from an emergency or disaster event.
2. Designate and train essential personnel for specific assignments in
the conduct of emergency operations. Provide instructions to
personnel regarding agency staffing policy during an emergency or
disaster event.
3. Protect and secure facilities, property and equipment under their
control.
4. Maintain accurate records of emergency related expenditures (such
as personnel, supplies, and equipment costs).
5. Provide staff, supplies and equipment (as required and available)
in support of emergency response and recovery operations.
Expedite required activities for return to normal conditions as soon
as possible.
Preservation of Vital Records/Documents:
All County departments, constitutional officers, municipalities, and
volunteer agencies of Indian River County must insure the
protection of their records and should develop a disaster plan for
vital records.
Damage to vital records/data ( paper, computer hard drives,
microfilm, etc.) is most often caused by fire, water, wind, and
power interruption or surges.
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Vital records' disaster preparedness plans should include:
a. Identification and documentation of the location of critical
information.
b. Standard backup procedures (duplicate copies; off-site
storage, etc.).
C. Prearranged resources (personnel) to assist in the
resumption of data entry/retrieval.
d. Prearranged resources to assist in recovery of damaged
data/records.
B. Indian River County
The Emergency Management Director is responsible for:
1. Ensuring that the Division of Emergency Management provides the
necessary revisions to this plan and that the plan is prepared,
coordinated, published and distributed to the appropriate agencies.
2. Active leadership of an emergency management frame%n ork
involving all government, private, and volunteer organizations
which have a role in the success of comprehensive emergency
management within the County.
3. Development and leadership of a broad-based public awareness,
education, and information program designed to reach a majority
of the citizens of the County, including citizens needing special
media formats, such as TDD or non-English languages.
4. Active participation in discussions and negotiations with the state
regarding policies and priorities to ensure that the work being done
contributes to the improvement of emergency capabilities for the
County.
5. Responsible execution of negotiated sccpes of work for federal
and state emergency management programs.
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6. Support of the emergency management needs of all municipalities
within borders, and brokering of intra -county mutual aid
agreements to render emergency assistance. When local requests
for assistance exceed county resources, the County emergency
management office will coordinate all efforts with the state and
federal government in support of local disaster operations.
7. Establishment and monitoring of County mutual aid agreements
within the County, with other counties and with the state.
8. Direction and control of a County response and recovery approach
which is based on functional groups, involves broad participation
from county organizations, and is compatible with the state and
federal response and recovery organization and concept of
operations.
9. Leadership and participation in programs or initiatives designed to
avoid, reduce, and mitigate the effects of hazards through
development and enforcement of policies, standards, and
regulations.
10. Compliance of each ESF lead agency to be involved with the
planning, response, recovery and mitigation of local emerges.cies.
For specific details of their responsibilities see Annex I - Response
Functions.
11. Coordinating how emergency response personnel will be tasked to
deal with emergencies or disasters in Indian River County. At any
such time that Ciis Plan is activated (local emergency, minor,
major or catastrophic disaster), the Emergency Management
Director will be responsible for direction and control under the
ultimate -authority of the Indian River County Board of County
Commisr;ioners. For greater detail, see the EOC SOP attached to
this document and identified as Appendix D.
C. Special Districts
Special districts are responsible for establishing liaisons with counties and
with other state organizations to support emergency management
capabilities within Florida. Special districts that involve inter -jurisdictional
authority can provide resources and services to support other functionally
related systems in time of disaster.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 96
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D. State of Florida
The Government of the State of Florida is responsible for:
1. Active leadership of an emergency management framework at the
state level involving all government, private and volunteer
organizations which have a role in the success of comprehensive
emergency management within Florida.
Development and leadership of a broad-based public awareness,
education and information progral designed to reach a majority of
the citizens of Florida, including citizens needing special media
formats, such as braille or non-English languages.
Active participation in discussions and negotiations with other
states and with the federal government regarding policies and
priorities to ensure that the work being done contributes to the
improvement of emergency capabilities for the nation.
4. Responsible execution of negotiated scopes of work for federal
and state emergency management programs.
5. Support of the emergency management needs of all counties
within Florida, and brokering of inter -county and inter -state mutual
aid agreements to render emergency assistance. When requests
for assistance exceed state resources, the state will contact other
states for assistance, as well as FEMA.
6. Establishment and monitoring of state mutual aid agreements
within the state, with other states and with FEMA.
7. Direction and control of a state response and recovery approach
which is based on functional support groups, involves broad
participation from state organizations, and is compatible with the
federal response and recovery organization and concept of
operations.
8. Leadership and participation in programs or initiatives designed to
avoid, reduce and mitigate the effects of hazards through
development and enforcement of policies, standards and
regulations.
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E. Federal Government
The federal government is responsible for:
1. Providing immediate emergency response on federally -owned or
controlled property, such as military installations and federal
prisons, and notification of the Florida DEM.
2. Providing assistance, as requested by the State of Florida, under
the lead agency's direction of FEMA, as specified in the Robert T.
Stafford Act, Public Law 93-280.
Identifying and coordinating assistance under other federal
statutory authorities.
V. FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT POLICY
It is the intent of this policy to provide guidance for basic financial management
to all departments and agencies responding under the provisions of the plan, to
ensure that funds are provided expeditiously and that financial operations are
conducted in accordance with appropriate policies, regulations and standards.
A. Assumptions
Due to the nature of most emergency situations, finance
operations will often be carried out within compressed time frames
and other pressures, necessitating the use of non -routine
procedures; this in no way lessens the requirement for sound
financial management and accountability.
2. A Presidential disaster or emergency declaration will permit
funding from the Federal Disaster Relief Fund under the provisions
of the Stafford Act in addition to the financial resources initiated
at the state and local levels.
3. The Federal Office of Management and Budget (OMB) and
Congress will give rapid approval to a FEMA -prepared emergency
budget request at a level sufficient to sustain a response operation
for at least three weeks, with the opportunity to extend same if
the situation warrants.
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B. Expenditure of Funds
Timely financial support of any extensive response activity could be
crucial to saving lives and property. While innovative and expeditious
means of procurement are called for during times of emergencies, it is
still mandatory that good accounting principles and practices be
employed in order to safeguard the use of public funds from the potential
of fraud, waste and/or abuse.
1. A meeting will be conducted annually to familiarize each county
and municipal official subject to preparing and maintaining disaster
related financial reports.
2. In concert with federal and state guidelines, approval for
expenditure of funds for response operations (facilities, equipment,
supplies, services and other resources) will be given by officials of
the primary and support agencies with concurrence with the
Emergency Management Director. Each agency is responsible for
establishing effective administrative controls of funds and
segregation of duties for proper internal controls, and to ensure
that actions taken and costs incurred are consistent with the
missions identified in this plan.
Extreme care and attention to detail must be taken throughout the
emergency response period to maintain logs, formal records, and
file copies of all expenditures (including personnel time sheets) in
order to provide clear and reasonable accountability and
justification for future reimbursement requests. Reimbursement is
NOT an automatic "given," so as much deliberative prudence as
time and circumstances allow should be used.
Complete and accurate accounts of all emergency expenditures
and obligations, including personnel and equipment costs, must be
maintained. Despite the difficulty in maintaining such records in
the stress of an emergency, accurate accounts are required to
identify and document those funds which might be eligible for
federal reimbursement under emergency or major disaster project
applications and/or those funds for which no reimbursement will
be requested. Each emergency event is unique. Therefore, the
Emergency Management Director, and/or his designee will
establish deadlines for data submission related to financial
reimbursement.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 99
It is the responsibility of the elected Board of County
Commissioners to secure the public's safety. The Board of County
Commissioners will appropriate all funds considered by the Board
as necessary for mitigation, preparedness, response to and
recovery from disasters.
4. All records relating to the allocation and disbursement of funds
pertaining to activities and elements covered in this plan must be
maintained, as applicable, in compliance with:
The Code of Federal Register - Title 44 Emergency
Management and Assistance (CFR 44); relevant Circulars
and Federal Statutes, in a manner consistent with provisions
of the Federal Stafford Act
Chapter 215, Florida Statutes, pertaining to state financial
matters and Chapter 252, Florida Statutes, relating
specifically to emergency management powers and
responsibilities; and
The policies and directives detailed in the County CEMP ESF
7 (Resource Support) Guidelines.
VI. TRAINING, EXERCISE AND PUBLIC AWARENESS/EDUCATION
For any Emergency Management program to be successful, training of
individuals at all levels of government for their respective roles in the four
phases of emergency managemcnt must be considered a high priority. This is
especially important because of the relatively new concept of operations in the
FRP. The ESF operational concept requires coordination at the federal, state
and local levels of government to ensure that everyone involved in emergency
activities is aware of their responsibilities when a disaster threatens or occurs.
Also, it is important that each agency is knowledgeable of what other agencies
can and cannot do under disaster conditions. To accomplish the goal of
developing a well-trained cadre of responders around the state, the following
strategic planning statements are offered:
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 100
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A. Trainina and Exercise
The Emergency Management Director will assign lin most cases either
the Emergency Management Coordinator or Radiological Analyst) the
individual responsible for establishing and monitoring all Emergency
Management training programs and exercises for which the county is
responsible. The person assigned this task, in consultation with the
Emergency Management Director, will establish and maintain an exercise
schedule in a manner required by the Florida Division of Emergency
Management. All appropriate county and municipal agency personnel will
be trained in the implementation of RRT and RIAT SOP's, to include
guidance for the completion and disposition of financial reports.
Emergency Management training will include that required to keep all
levels of local government at an acceptable level of readiness to respond
to any disaster identified in the hazard vulnerable analysis contained
within this Basic Plan. The training program will include appropriate
officials of each municipality and all volunteers and volunteer agencies
assigned responsibilities in the Comprehensive Emergency Management
Plan.
The Emergency Management Coordinator will keep abreast of a-ld
request training from the state on all matters that relate to state and
federal programs that would enhance the preparedness of Indian River
County.
The Emergency Management staff will remain current with the highest
training credentials possible. They will cooperate with and assist other
county and municipal agencies in the conduct of exercises.
B. Exercise
A viable exercise lorogram is an essential component of any effort to fully
train emergency personnel for their duties and responsibilities when a
disaster occurs. It is crucial that those individuals who are charged with
responding to emergencies are required to "experience" a disaster under
as realistic conditions as possible before any actual event. The purpose
of exercising is to improve the preparedness posture of the
organization(s) involved. This will result in the reduction of loss of life
and property when a disaster occurs. In addition to county and municipal
agencies, other agencies assigned responsibilities for the implementation
of the CEMP will be invited and requested to participate in exercises.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 101
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Indian River County will participate in all exercises requested by FDEM
that are statewide or regional and involve inter -agency participation.
In the conduct of exercises, Indian River County is in the process of
expanding its automated capability. At the conclusion of each exercise,
a critique will be conducted to further refine the CEMP.
C. Public Awareness and Education
In order to better educate and inform the public of protective actions
before a disaster occurs, public information is critical for saving lives and
minimizing property damage. Certain responsibilities exist for public
information when Emergency Management plans are implemented. Public
actions may depend upon public information during the period before a
disaster is imminent, in an actual or threatening emergency situation, and
in the post -emergency recovery period.
Pre -disaster education programs serve to increase awareness of
Emergency Management programs, educate the public on ways to
protect life and property, and inform the public on the availability of
further assistance and information.
1. The County Commission Chambers has been identifies, as the
location for the mass media to gather. Regularly scheduled press
conferences will be identified during an event.
2. The following radio and television stations have agreed to
disseminate emergency information and participate in the local
public emergency notification system in accordance with the
Region 10 Emergency Alert System (EAS) Plan:
a. RADIO STATIONS
1) WTTB 1490 AM
2) WGYL 93.7 FM
3) WOCS 89.9 FM
4) WSCF 91. 9 FM
5) WZZR 92.7 FM
6) WAVW 101.7 FM
7) WAXE 1370 AM
8) WOOL 103.7 FM
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 102
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TELEVISION STATIONS
1) WPTV (NBC) Channel 5
2) WPEC (CBS) Channel 12
3) WPBF (ABC) Channel 25
4) WFLX (FOX) Channel 29
5) WTVX (UPN) Channel 34
3. A series of Public Safety Announcements have been developed
and is available to the PIO. These pre -scripted messages are
maintained on file at the Departmont of Emergency Services.
4. A brochure entitled Emergency Information for Indian River County
is published each year which provides maps, evacuation zones,
and other types of disaster preparedness information, to include
high risk areas and evacuation routes. The brochures are
distributed at public presentations and are available at the office
of Emergency Management. These documents are also available
in a Spanish version.
5. In addition to the aforementioned, our office, in cooperation with
the Indian River County School District, has produced an 80 -
minute informational video tape entitled Indian River County
Department of Emergency Services'
Guide to Hurricane
Preparedness. This video presentation is available free of charge
at each of the county libraries and most of the video rental retail
outlets. This video is targeted to those persons not in contact
with traditional media. The brochures and media presentations are
available for the information of seasonal and transient populations.
6. During an emergency, our office telephones will be staffed on a
24-hour basis until the emergency has been abated. The
advertised telephone number for our office is (561) 567-8000 ext.
444. In addition to this main phone line, additional phone lines will
be established with the numbers broadcasted through the local
media. For a 24-hour recorded weather update, citizens may call
561) 567-2129.
7. During any period of disaster in Indian River County, the
government access cable channel will be broadcasting live from
our Emergency Operations Center. This capability, along with that
of local radio station announcements, will extend the Emergency
Management's public outreach capabilities both in response to and
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 103
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recovery from a disaster, including information on where to go and
who to call for assistance. Channel 13 in the Vero Beach area
AT&T Cablevision) and channel 35 in the North county area
Falcon Cable TV) will be the activated channels. Information will
be broadcast 24 -hours per day.
8. Indian River County currently has eleven public shelters. Since all
shelters will not open at the same time, it is crucial for the public
to monitor media reports for an opening in their area. Depending
on the storm track and intensity, the number and location of
shelter openings will vary. At a minimum, shelters will open in the
north, central and south county area. Public shelter openings will
be broadcast via local radio stations, television stations and the
government access channels listed above.
9. Evacuation information, along with routes, is published annually in
the Vero Beach telephone directory, as well as in a hurricane
preparedness supplement issued by the Press Journal and the
Florida Today just prior to each hurricane season (see Figure 8).
10. While the entire County is subject to a host of hazards (outlined in
Section II -A), there are areas which are more vulnerahle to
particular hazards (i.e., ponding water from heavy rainfall is most
likely to effect the low swampy inland areas and areas along
streams and canals; storm surge is most likely to effect residents
along the coastal areas and the Indian River Lagoon; severe freezes
would economically damage the citrus industry). Therefore, the
department's goal is to increase awareness of the pre -disaster
education programs available to these areas.
11. Each year, the Emergency Management Division hosts a media
day. Representatives from a variety of media outlets are invited
to learn about emergency management procedures and the
methods, used to disseminate public information in an emergency.
Press packets are distributed and tours are given of the EOC and
designated media area. The purpose of this gathering is to
strengthen relations with the media prior to an emergency event.
12. Twice annually, the Emergency Management Division offers an
introductory hurricane meteorological class to familiarize
government employees with the terminology and procedures
surrounding a major weather event which may impact our county.
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VII. REFERENCES AND AUTHORITIES
This plan replaces the Indian River County Nuclear Civil Protection Plan and the
Indian River County Peacetime Emergency Plan. It does not supplant the
Hazardous Materials Plan, which is not an operations -oriented document, nor
the Florida Radiological Emergency Management Plan for Nuclear Power Plants,
which was developed for response to radiological incidents under separate state
and federal statutory authorities. However, this plan will be used to supplement
the REP plan, in order to provide a comprehensive response.
A. Federal
1. Public Laws
a. Public Law 93-288, as amended, which provides authority
for response assistance under the Federal Response Plan,
and which empowers the President to direct any federal
agency to utilize its authorities and resources in support of
state and local assistance efforts.
b. Public Law 93-234, Flood Disaster Protection Act of 1973,
as amended, provides insurance coverage for all tripes of
buildings.
C. Public Law 99-499, Superfund Amendments and Re-
authorization Act of 1986, which governs hazardous
materials planning and right -to -know.
d. Public Law 101-615, Hazardous Materials Transportation
Uniform Safety Act (H.M.T.U.S.A.), which provides funding
to improve capability to respond to hazardous materials
incidents.
e. Public Law 95-510, Comprehensive Environmental
Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980
C.E.R. C.L.A.) as amended, which requires facilities to
notify authorities of accidental releases of hazardous
materials.
f. Public Law 101-549, Clean Air Amendments of 1990,
which provides for reductions in hazardous air pollutants
and risk management planning requirements.
l
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g. Public Law 85-256, Price -Anderson Act, which provides for
a system of compensating the public for harm caused by a
nuclear accident.
h. Public Law 84-99 (33 USC 701n), Flood Emergencies,
authorizing an emergency fund for flood emergency
preparation, flood fighting and rescue operations, or repair
and restoration of flood control works threatened or
destroyed by flood.
L Public Law 91-671, Food Stamps (Issuance) Act of 1964,
in conjunction with Section 412 of the Stafford Act,
relating to food stamp (issuance) distributions after a major
disaster.
j. Public Law 89-665 (16 USC 470 et seq), National Historic
Preservation Act, relating to the preservation of historic
resources damaged as a result of disasters.
k. Stewart B. McKinney Homeless Assistance Act, (42 USC
11331-11352), Federal Emergency Management Flood and
Shelter Program.
I. National Flood Insurance Act of 1968, (42 USC 4001 at
seq) as amended by the National Flood Insurance Reform
Act of 1994.
m. Reigel Community Development and Regulatory
Improvemont Act of 1994.
n. Public Law 833-703, an amendment to the Atomic Energy
Act of 1954.
2. Regulations
a. 44 CFR Parts 59-76, National Flood Insurance Program and
related programs.
b. 44 CFR Part 13 (The Common Rule), Uniform
Administrative Requirements for Grants and Cooperative
Agreements.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 106
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C. 44 CFR Part 206, Federal Disaster Assistance for Disasters
Declared after November 23, 1988.
d. 44 CFR Part 10, Environmental Considerations.
e. 44 CFR Part 14, Audits of State and Local Governments.
3. Executive Orders
a. Executive Order 11988, Floodplain Management.
b. Executive Order 11990, Protection of Wetlands.
C. Executive Order 12657, Federal Emergency Management
Assistance in Emergency Planning at Commercial Nuclear
Power Plants.
d. Executive Order 12656, Assignment of Emergency
Preparedness Responsibilities.
e. Executive Order 12241, Transferring review and
concurrence responsibility for state plans from the NRC to
FEMA.
f. Presidential Decision Directive - 39, United States Policy on
Counter Terrorism.
g. Presidential Decision Directive - 62, United States Policy on
Combating Terrorism.
h. Presidential Decision Directive - 63, United States Policy on
Protecting America's Critical Infrastructures.
4. Miscellaneous
a. Federal Response Plan for Public Law 93-288, as amended;
April 1992.
b. Nuclear Regulation (NUREG) 0654/FEMA-REP-1, which
provides federal guidance for development and review of
Radiological Emergency Management Plans for Nuclear
Power Plants.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 107
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B. State
C. Flood Insurance Study - Indian River County, Florida and
Incorporated Areas (FEMA - May 4, 1989)
Statutes
a. Chapter 252 - State Emergency Management Act. Chapter
252.38, Florida Statutes, delineates the emergency
management responsibilities of political subdivisions in
safeguarding the life and property of citizens and other
persons within the political subdivision. Key points within
the statutes include:
1) Performing emergency management functions within
the territorial limits of Indian River County and
conduct those activities pursuant to §252.31--
252.91, and in accordance with state and county
emergency management plans and mutual aid
agreements.
2) Appointment of a Director who meets the minimum
training and education qualifications established Li
the job description approved by the Board. The
Director will be appointed to serve at the pleasure of
the Board, subject to the Board's direction and
control, in conformance with applicable resolutions,
ordinances and laws. The Director has responsibility
for the organizations, administration and operation of
Indian River County Emergency Management division,
subject only to the direction and control of the Board
of County Commissioners. The Director will
coordinate emergency management activities,
services and programs within the County and will
serve as liaison to the Florida Division of Emergency
Management and other local emergency management
organizations.
3) Establishment, as necessary, a primary and one or
more secondary emergency operating centers (EOCs)
to provide continuity of government and direction
and control of emergency operations.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 108
4) Power to appropriate and expend funds; make
contracts; obtain and distribute equipment, materials
and supplies for emergency management purposes;
provide for the health and safety of persons and
property, including assistance to victims of any
emergency; and direct and coordinate the
development of emergency management plans and
programs in accordance with the policies and plans
set forth by federal and state emergency
management agencies.
5) Reduction of vulnerability of people and communities
of this county to damage, injury, and loss of life and
property resulting from natural, technological, or
manmade emergencies.
6) Preparation for prompt and efficient response and
recovery to protect lives and property affected by
emergencies.
7) Response to emergencies using all systems, plans,
and resources necessary to preserve adequately the
health, safety, and welfare of persons or pr( perty
affected by the emergency.
8) Recovery from emergencies by providing for the rapid
and orderly start of restoration and rehabilitation of
persons and property affected by emergencies.
9) Authority to request state assistance or invoke
emergency related mutual aid assistance by declaring
a local state of emergency. The duration of the local
state of emergency will be limited to seven days, and
it may be extended as necessary in seven day
increments. The County also has the power and
authority to waive the procedures and formalities
otherwise required of Indian River County by law,
pertaining to:
a. Performance of public work and taking
whatever prudent action is necessary to
ensure the health, safety and welfare of the
community;
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 109
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b. Entering into contracts and incurring
obligations;
C. Employment of permanent and temporary
workers;
d. Utilization of volunteers;
e. Rental of equipment;
f. Acquisition and distribution, with or without
compensation, of supplies, materials and
facilities; and
g. Appropriation and expenditure of public funds.
10) Charge and collect fees for the review of emergency
management plans required of external agencies and
institutions. The fees will be in accordance with the
fee schedules established by the Florida Division of
Emergency Management and as approved by the
Indian River County Board of County Commissioners.
11) Coordination and development of a comprehensive
emergency management plan and program that are
consistent with the state comprehensive emergency
management plan and program.
12) Provision of an emergency management system
embodying all aspects of pre -emergency
preparedness and post -emergency response,
recovery, and mitigation.
13) Maintaining a registry of disabled persons in order to
meet the special needs of persons who would need
assistance during evacuations and sheltering because
of physical or mental handicaps. The registry
identifies those persons in need of assistance and
assists in planning for resource allocation to meet
those identified needs. The registry is updated
annually.
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14) Development and maintenance of a radiological
emergency response plan in accordance with
requirements of the United States Nuclear Regulatory
Commission and the Federal Emergency Management
Agency.
15) Development and maintenance of an emergency plan
for hazardous materials to safeguard the lives and
property of the residents of our County against the
threat of a hazardous materials incident.
16) Participation from the Indian River County School
Board, during a declared local state of emergency and
upon the request of the Chairman, Indian River
County Board of County Commissioners, by providing
facilities and personnel to staff those facilities.
Indian River County School Board will, when
providing transportation assistance, coordinate the
use of vehicles and personnel with Emergency
Support Function (ESF) #2 (Transportation).
b. Chapter 14, Florida Statutes, Governor.
C. Chapter 22, Florida Statutes, Emergency Continuity of
Government.
d. Chapter 23, Part 1, Florida Statutes, The Florida Mutual Aid
Act.
e. Chapter 125, County Government; Chapter 162, County or
Municipal Code Enforcement; Chapter 166, Municipalities;
and Chapter 553, Building Construction Standards.
f. Chapter 154, Florida Statutes, Public Health Facilities.
g. Chapter 161, Beach and Shore Preservation; Part III,
Coastal Zone Preservation.
h. Chapter 162, Florida Statutes, County or Municipal Code
Enforcement.
i. Chapter 163, Inter -governmental Programs; Part I,
Miscellaneous Programs.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Pago 111
410
J. Chapter 166, Florida Statutes, Municipalities.
k. Chapter 187, State Comprehensive Plan.
I. Chapter 215, Florida Statutes, Financial Matters.
M. Chapter 216, Florida Statutes, Planning and Budgeting.
n. Chapter 235, Florida Statutes, Educational Facilities.
o. Chapter 245, Florida Statutes, Disposition of Dead Bodies.
P. Chapter 250, Florida Statutes, Military Affairs.
q. Chapter 284, Florida Statutes, State Risk Management and
Safety Programs.
r. Chapter 287, Florida Statutes, Procurement of Personal
Property and Services.
S. Chapter 376, Florida Statutes, Pollutant Discharge
Prevention and Removal.
t. Chapter 377, Florida Statutes, Energy Resources.
U. Chapter 380, Land/Water Management.
V. Chapter 388, Florida Statutes, Public Health.
W. Chapter 401, Florida Statutes, Medical Telecommunications
and Transportation.
X. Chripter 403, Florida Statutes, Environmental Control.
Y. Chapter 404, Florida Statutes, Radiation.
Z. Chapter 442, Florida Statutes, Occupational Safety and
Health.
aa. Chapter 553, Florida Statutes, Building Construction
Standards.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Pian Basic Page I I Z
G
ab. Chapter 581, Florida Statutes, Plant Industry.
ac. Chapter590, Florida Statutes, Forest Protection.
ad. Chapter 633, Florida Statutes, Fire Prevention and Control.
ae. Chapter 870, Florida Statutes, Riots, Affrays, Riots, and
Unlawful Assemblies.
2. Administrative Rules
a. Florida Department of Community Affairs Administrative
Rule, Chapters 9G-6, 7, 11, 14, 19, 20 and 21.
b. Florida Department of Community Affairs Administrative
Rule, Chapters 9J-2 and 9J-5.
3. Executive Orders
a. Executive Order 80-29 (Disaster Preparedness), dated April
14, 1980.
b. Executive Order 87-57 (State Emergency Response
Commission), dated April 17, 1987; as updated by
Executive Orders 98-153 and 98-155.
4. Miscellaneous
a. State of Florida Comprehensive Emergency Management
Plan.
b. Florida Airport Directory (published by the Florida
Department of Transportation Aviation Office, Summer,
1996).
C. Local
1. Ordinances
a. ORDINANCE 91- 17
An ordinance of Indian River County, Florida, designating
the Chairman of the Board of County Commissioners, or in
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 113
his/her absence, Vice -Chairman or Board designee, in this
succession, as the official with authority to declare a State
of Emergency in the event of natural of man-made disaster
or the imminent threat thereof: authorizing such official to
take certain emergency measures relating thereto: providing
severability; and providing an effective date.
b. ORDINANCE 91-18
An ordinance of Indian River County, Florida, providing for
the activation of the disaster emergency plans applicable to
Indian River County and enumerating actions that may be
taken during said emergency.
2. Resolutions
a. RESOLUTION NO. 89-150
A resolution of Indian River County, Florida, by and through
its Board of County Commissioners, continuing to recognize
the Indian River County Emergency Management Services
Department to act in accordance with the State Emergency
Operations Plan and Program.
b. RESOLUTION NO. 91-55
A resolution of Indian River County, Florida, establishing a
disaster emergency employee policy.
C. A sample copy of a resolution for declaring a local State of
Emergency can be found attached to this document and
identified as Figure 12.
3. Miscellaneous
a. Indian River County Emergency Medical Services Trauma
Transport Protocol.
b. Indian River County Comprehensive Growth Management
Plan.
C. Treasure Coast Hurricane Evacuation Study.
d. Solid Waste Management
Master Plan, Emergency
Operations Standing Operating Procedures, dated July,
1994.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 114
C. The Statewide Mutual Aid Agreement for Catastrophic
Disaster Response and Recovery (April 1994 as Amended
by Modification #1, October 1994).
d. Florida and the American Red Cross, 1992.
e. Florida and the Air Force Rescue Coordination Center (Inland
Search/Rescue), as amended, 1995.
f. Florida Division of Emergency Management and the Civil Air
Patrol (Search/Rescue, Transport), 1992.
g. Division of Emergency Management and Florida Power
Corporation; Division of Emergency Management and Florida
Power & Light Company; and Division of Emergency
Management and Southern Nuclear Operating Company
Radiological Emergency Response Planning and
Operations), Annual Agreements.
h. Memorandum of Agreement between the Federal
Emergency Management Agency, the State of Florida, and
the City of Miami for Urban Search and Rescue, October 5,
1993.
Building Officials Association of Florida and Division of
Emergency Management, October 1994.
j. National Weather Service and Division of Emergency
Management, September 1994.
k. Statement of Understanding between the Administration on
Aging and the American National Red Cross (ARC), ARC
5067, June 1995.
I. Statement of Understanding between the Salvation Army
and the American Red Cross, August 1994.
M. Statement of Understanding between the Volunteer
Organizations Active in Disaster Agencies and other
volunteer agencies.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 116
av
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D. Specific plans that supplement this CEMP that apply to unique situations
are as follows:
1. Coastal Oil Spill - Federal Regional IV Oil & Hazardous Substances
Regional Contingency Plan
2. Hazardous Materials - Indian River County Emergency Plan for
Hazardous Materials
3. Mass Immigration - Indian River County Caribbean Refugee Plan
4. Airports - Vero Beach Municipal Airport Certification Manual:
Aircraft and Airport Safety Plan, approved by the Federal Aviation
Administration on January 3, 1997
5. Nuclear Power Plants - State of Florida Radiological Emergency
Management Plan
6. Ports/Marinas - Indian River County Comprehensive Plan
7. Emergency Notification - Emergency Alert System Plan
Operational Area 10)
8. Military Support - Florida National Guard Operation Plan for Military
Support to Civil Authorities
2. Mitigation - Indian River County Unified Local Mitigation Strategy
Copies of these plans are maintained on file at the Emergency
Management office.
E. Memoranda of Understanding/Agreements
1. State
a. Emergency Management Assistance Compact, 1996.
b. Florida and Federal Emergency Management Agency Region
IV, 1993.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 115
40
El
n. Statement of Understanding between the Federal
Emergency Management Agency and the American Red
Cross, January 1982.
o. Memorandum of Understanding between the Centers for
Disease Control, the United States Public Health Service of
the Department of Health and Human Services, and the
American Red Cross, December 1988.
P. State of Florida Agreement between the American Red
Cross and the Department of Health for use of the United
States Department of Agriculture donated foods, September
1989.
q. Memorandum of Understanding with the American
Veterinary Medical Association Emergency Preparedness
and Response Guide.
Memorandum of Understanding with the State of North
Carolina for Medivac Assistance for Monroe County.
S. Southern Mutual Radiological Assistance Plan, Southern
States Emergency Response Council.
t. Memorandum of Understanding between Strategic
Metropolitan Assistance and Recovery Teams and the
Florida Division of Emergency Management, February 14,
1997.
U. Interstate Agreement During a Hurricane Threat or Other
Events Florida Division of Emergency Management and
Georgia Emergency Management Agency.
1. Local
a. Interlocal Agreements for the purpose of providing mutual
aid in time of a fire, rescue, medical, or emergency
management emergency; exist with the following counties
and/or municipalities:
1) Okeechobee County
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 117
J
2) St. Lucie County
3) Osceola County
4) Brevard County
5) Town of Indian River Shores
b. Indian River County, and each of its municipalities, have
entered into the Statewide Mutual Aid Agreement for
Catastrophic Disaster Response and Recovery. The purpose
of this Agreement is to provide a mechanism to expedite
the assistance of other public agencies in response to
catastrophic natural and manmade disasters. This
Agreement also expedites the reimbursement process
required to receive state and federal financial assistance
during the recovery from such an event.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page I I
NFIGURE 12!
1
RES10 00 -;
INDIAN RIVER COUNTY RESOLUTION DECLARING
STATE OF LOCAL EMERGENCY
WHEREAS, the National Hurricane Center recognizes the danger
to coastal residents of Florida from Hurricane ENTER HURRICANE
NAME HERE, by posting a hurricane ENTER WATCH OR WARNING HERE
from ENTER SOUTHERN BOUNDARY LOCATION to ENTER NORTHERN
BOUNDARY LOCATION; and
WHEREAS, Indian River County has high evacuation times to
evacuate residents from the hazards of a hurricane; and
WHEREAS, the current forecast error of the National Hurricane
Center does not allow for a confident prediction of the track
of Hurricane ENTER HURRICANE NAME HERE at that point in tine,
coinciding with Indian River County's high evacuation times;
and
WHEREAS, Hurricane ENTER HURRICANE NAME HERE has the potential
for causing extensive damage to public utilities, public
buildings, public communication systems, public streets and
roads, public drainage systems, commercial and residential
buildings and areas; and
WHEREAS, Section 252.38(3), Florida Statutes, provides
authority for a political subdivision such as Indian River
County to declare a State of Local Emergency and to waive the
procedures and formalities otherwise required of political
subdivisions by law pertaining to:
1. Performance of public work and taking whatever
a, action is necessary to ensure the health, safety,
and welfare of the community.
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 119
4
2. Entering into contracts.
Inct , 9
or
ga ns .
L'
N Empl ent nen and tem rary
wol
ers.
5. Utilization of volunteer workers.
6. Rental of equipment.
7. Acquisition and distribution, with or without
compensation of supplies, materials and facilities.
8. Appropriation and expenditure of public funds.
NOW THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the Board of County
Commissioners of Indian River County, Florida, this ENTER DAY
HERE day of ENTER MONTH HERE 1997, that:
1. Hurricane ENTER HURRICANE NAME HERE poses a serious
threat to the lives and property of residents of
Indian River County and that a State of Local
Emergency shall be declared, effective immediatel},
for all of Indian River County, including, all
unincorporated and incorporated areas.
2. The Board of County Commissioners hereby exercises
its authority and waives the procedures and
formalities required by law of a political
subdivision, as provided in Chapter 252.38 (6) (e) ,
Florida Statutes.
The resolution was moved for adoption by Commissioner ENTER
COMMISSIONER NAME HERE and the motion was seconded by
Commissioner ENTER COMMISSIONER NAME HERE, and, upon being put
to a vote, the vote was as follows:
Chairman Fran B. Adams
Vice -Chairman Caroline D. Ginn
Commissioner Kenneth R. Macht
Commissioner Ruth M. Stanbridge
Commissioner John W. Tippin
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 120
The Chairman thereupon declared the resolution duly passed and
ad this EATER DA7MHERESdayERMONTH HER,', 9.
A V11do BOARD OF CO 0MM=88i1't NER8
INDIAN RIVER COUNTY, FLORIDA
BY
Attest
Jeffrey K. Barton, Clerk
Fran B. Adams, Chairman
Indian River County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Page 121
77777-7777777. 1
4®
APPENDIX A - LIST OF ACRONYMS
ACLF Adult Congregate Living Facility
ANCA Agency Health Care Administration
ARC American Red Cross
ARES Amateur Radio Emergency Services
CAP Civil Air Patrol
CEMP Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan
CEO Chief Executive Officer
CEOC County Emergency Operations Center
CERCLA Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation & Liability
DHSMV
Act
CPHU County Public Health Unit
DABT Division of Alcoholic Beverages & Tobacco
DACS Department of Agriculture &
Consumer Services
DBPR Department of Business/Professional Regulations
DCA Department of Community Affairs
DEM Division of Emergency Management (Indian River County)
DEP Department of Environmental Protection
DFO Disaster Field Office
DHRS Department of Health/Rehabilitative Services
DHSMV Department of Highway Safety & Motor Vehicles
DMA Department of Military Affairs
DMA Disaster Medical Assistance Team
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DMORT Disaster Mortuary Response Team
DMS Department of Management Services
DOC Department of Corrections
DOD Department of Defense
DOER Department of Elder Affairs
DO/ Department of Insurance
DOJ Department of Justice
DOT Department of Transportation
DRC Disaster Recovery Center
DRM Disaster Recovery Manager
DSCO Deputy State Coordinating Officer
DSR Damage Survey Report
DUA Disaster Unemployment Assistance
ECO Emergency Coordinating Officer
EMS Emergency Medical Services
EMT Emergency Medical Technician
EOC Emergency Operations Center
EPA Environmental Protection Agency
EPZ Emergency Planning Zone
ERT Emergency Response Team
ESA TCOM Emergency Satellite Communications
ESF Emergency Support Function
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FAB Florida Association of Broadcasters
FAC Florida Administrative Code
FCG Florida Coordinating Group
FCO Federal Coordinating Officer
FDEM Florida Division of Emergency Management
FDLE Florida Department of Law Enforcement
FDOT Florida Department of Transportation
FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency
FFCA Florida Fire Chiefs Association
FGFWFC Florida Game & Fresh Water Fish Commission
FHP Florida Highway Patrol
FIRM Flood Insurance Rate Map
FMHA Farmer's Home Administration
FMHO Federal Hazard Mitigation Officer
FMP Florida Marine Patrol
FNG Florida National Guard
FNARS Federal National Radio System
FNA TS Federal National Teletype System
FNA VS Federal National Voice System
FRP Federal Response Plan
GAR Governor's Authorized Representative
HMTUSA Hazardous Materials Transportation
Uniform Safety Act
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AO Individual Assistance Officer
CS Incident Command System
EMS Integrated Emergency Management System
FG Individual & Family Grant
PU Information Processing Unit
J/C Joint Information Center
LGR Local Government Radio
LHMO Local Hazard Mitigation Offices
MECC Mobile Emergency Communications Center
M/E Mass Immigration Emergency
MSU Medical Support Unit
NASA National Aeronautic Space Administration
NAWAS National Warning System
NCP National Contingency Plan
NDMS National Disaster Medical System
NOAA National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration
NOl Notice of Interest
NRC Nuclear Regulatory Commission
NTC National Teleregistration Center
NUREG Nuclear Regulation
NWS National Warning System
OMB Office of Management & Budget
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OSC On Scene Coordination
PA Public Assistance Officer
PDA Preliminary Damage Assessment
P/O Public Information Officer
PSA Public Service Announcement
PSC Public Service Commission
RIAT Rapid Impact Assessment Team
RPSC Refuge Policy Steering Committee
RRT Rapid Response Team
SAR Search & Rescue
SBA Small Business Administration
SCO State Coordinating Officer
SEOC State Emergency Operations Center
SERT State Emergency Response Team
SFRT Shelter Feasibility Review Team
SHO State Health Office
SHOESOC State Health Office Emergency Support Operations Center
SHMART State Hazard Mitigation & Recovery Team
SHMO State Hazard Mitigation Officer
SOP Suggested Operating Procedure
STARC State Area Command
SINP State Warning Point
A-5
TA Technical Advisory Group
US&R Urban Search & Rescue
USAGE United States Army Corps of Engineers
USCG United States Coast Guard
VOAD Voluntary Organizations Active in Disaster
WMI) Water Management District
A -S
APPENDIX B
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APPENDIX B - GLOSSARY OF TERMS
AGENCYASSISTANCE Grants for projects or planning activities, loans, and all
other forms of financial or technical assistance provided
by the Agency.
APPLICANT Stafford Act - Individuals, families, State and local
governments, or private, nonprofit organizations who
apply for assistance as a result of a declaration of a
major disaster or emergency.
Public Assistance - The State, local government, or
eligible private, nonprofit facility submitting a project
application or request for direct Federal assistance
under the Act or on whose behalf the Governor's
Authorized Representative takes such action.
Individual Assistance - An individual or family who
submits an application or request for assistance under
the Act.
ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR The Associate Director for State and Local Programs
and Support Directorate, FEMA, or his/her designated
representative.
BASE FLOOD A term used in the National Flood Insurance Program to
indicate the minimum size flood to be used by a
community as a basis for its floodplain management
regulations; presently required by regulation to be that
flood which has a one -percent chance of being equaled
or exceeded in any given year. Also known as a 100 -
year flood or one -percent chance flood.
BASE FLOOD ELEVATION fBFE1 The elevation for which there is a one -percent change
in any given year that flood levels will equal or exceed
it. The BFE is determined by statistical analysis for
each local area and designated on the Flood Insurance
Rate Map. It is also known as the 100 -Year Flood.
BASEMENT Any area of the building having its floor subgrade
below ground level) on all sides.
BUILDING CODE The regulations adopted by a local governing body
setting forth standards for the construction, addition,
modification, and repair of buildings and other
structures for the purpose of protecting the health,
safety, and general welfare of the public.
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CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER The official of the community who is charged with the
authority to implement and administer laws, ordinances,
and regulations for that community.
C/V/L PREPAREDNESS GUIDANCE (CPG) A series of FEMA Policy documents.
COASTAL HIGH -HAZARD AREA An area of special flood hazard, extending from
offshore to the inland limit of a primary frontal dune,
along an open coast and any other area subject to high
velocity wave action from storms or seismic sources.
CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS (CFR) 49" CFR" refers to Title 49, the primary volume
regarding hazmat transportation regulations.
COMMAND POST A centralized base of operations established near the
site of an incident, located a safe distance from an
accident site, where the on -scene coordinator,
responders, and technical representatives can make
response decisions, deploy manpower and equipment,
maintain liaison with media, and handle
communications.
COMMUNITY RIGHT -TO -KNOW Legislation requiring the communicating of chemical
information to local agencies or the public.
COMPREHENSIVE EMERGENCY
MANAGEMENT (CEM)
COMPUTERIZED HAZARD
IDENTIFICATION PROGRAM (CHIP)
CONTINUITY OF GOVERNMENT (CUG)
CONTRACTOR
An integrated approach to the management of
emergency programs and activities for all f fur
emergency phases (mitigation, preparedness, response,
and recovery), for all types of emergencies and
disasters (natural, manmade, and attache), and for all
levels of government (local, State, and Federal) and the
private sector.
Part of EMA's Integrated Emergency Management
System, this evaluation program identifies the hazards
posing the greatest threat to State and local
governments and the capabilities of existing programs
to respond (formerly referred to a Hazard Identification
and Capability Assessment).
All measures that may be taken to ensure the continuity
of essential functions of governments in the event of
emergency conditions, including line -of -succession for
key decision makers.
Any individual, partnership, corporation, agency, or
other entity (other than an organization engaged in the
business of insurance) performing work by contract for
the Federal government or a State or local agency.
B-2
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CR/TICAL FACILITIES Those facilities essential to the health, safety and
welfare of the population whose statutorial purpose is
to provide physical and mental health care and services.
The services are necessary in the event of local, state
and federal emergencies; and/or natural disasters; and,
in time of evacuation, examples are: primary care
centers; trauma units; emergency units; hospitals;
infirmaries; mental health facilities and nursing homes.
DAMAGE ASSESSMENT The process utilized to determine the magnitude of
damage and the unmet needs of individuals,
businesses, the public sector, and the community
caused by a disaster or emergency event.
DECLARATION The formal action by the President to make a State
eligible for major disaster or emergency assistance
under the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and
Emergency Assistance Act, PL 93-288, as amended
the Stafford Act).
DECLARATION PROCESS When a disaster strikes, local authorities and individuals
request help from private relief organizations and their
State government, which give all assistance possible.
If assistance is beyond their capability, the Governor
requests a Presidential declaration of a major disaster or
an emergency.
DESIGNATED AREA Any emergency or major disaster -affected portion of a
State that has been determined eligible for Federal
assistance.
DESK REV/EW Completion of the eight -step review process in the field
office using the DSR, Reconnaissance Report, Hazard
Mitigation Proposal, and other material submitted with
the DSR. Other information may be gathered by phone,
or other communications method, as long as a field visit
is not required.
DEVELOPMENT Any manmade change to improved or unimproved real
estate, including but not limited to buildings or other
structures, mining, dredging, filling, grading, paving,
excavation or drilling operations, or storage of
equipment or materials.
ELEVATION The raising of a structure to place it above flood waters
on an extended support structure.
ELIGIBLE COMMUNITY A community for which the Administrator has
authorized the sale of flood insurance under the
National Flood Insurance Program.
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EMERGENCY Any occasion or instance for which, in the
determination of the President, Federal assistance is
needed to supplement State and local efforts and
capabilities to save lives and to protect property and
public health and safety, or to lessen of avert the threat
of a catastrophe in any part of the United States.
EMERGENCY ACT/ONS Emergency work essential to save lives and protect
property and public health and safety performed under
Section 306 of the Disaster Relief Act of 1974, as
amended.
EMERGENCY FACILITIES Those buildings, structures, equipment, or systems
used to provide emergency services, such as fire
protection, ambulance, or rescue, to the general public,
including the administrative and support facilities even
if not contiguous.
EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT DIRECTOR The term Emergency Management Director and
Emergency Services Director are inter changeable when
used to describe that individual in Indian River County;
they are one in the same.
EMERGENCY OPERATIONS CENTER (EOC) The protected site from which civil government officials
municipal, county, State, and Federal) exercise
centralized direction and control in an emergency.
Operating from an EOC is a basic em rgency
management concept. For effective emergency
response, all activities must be centrally directed and
coordinated. The EOC also services as a Resource
Center and coordination point for additional field
assistance. It provides executive directives and liaison
to State and Federal governments, and considers and
mandates protective actions.
EMERGENCY OPERA TIONS PLAN (EOPJ An all -hazards document, that specifies actions to be
taken in the event of natural disasters, technological
accidents, or nuclear attack; identifies authorities,
relationships, and the actions to be taken by whom,
what, when, and where, based on predetermined
assumptions, objectives, and existing capabilities.
EMERGENCY PROGRAM (EP) The phase of the National Flood Insurance Program that
a community enters prior to the completion of an
individual community flood insurance study. It is
intended to provide a first layer amount of insurance at
Federally -subsidized rates on all existing structures and
new construction begun prior to the effective date of a
Flood Insurance Rate Map, in return for the
community's adoption of general floodplain
management regulations.
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EVACUATION A population protection strategy involving orderly
movement of people away from an actual or potential
hazard, and resources for temporary relocation.
EXECUTIVE ORDERS 11988 AND 11990 The requirements to avoid direct or indirect support of
floodplain development and to minimize harm to
floodplains and wetlands. Federal decision makers are
obligated to comply with these orders, accomplished
through an eight -step decision making process.
EXECUTIVE ORDER 12699 Requires that new construction of Federal buildings
must comply with appropriate seismic design and
construction standards.
EXERCISE Maneuver or simulated emergency condition involving
planning, preparation, and execution; carried out for the
purpose of testing, evaluating, planning, developing,
training, and/or demonstrating emergency management
systems and individual components and capabilities, to
identify areas of strength and weakness for
improvement of an emergency operations plan (EOP).
EXISTING CONSTRUCTION As used in reference to the National Flood Insurance
Program, any structure already existing or on which
construction or substantial improvement was started
prior to the effective date of a community's floodplain
management regulations.
FACILITY Any publicly or privately owned building, works, system
or equipment, built or manufactured, or an improved
and maintained natural feature. Land used for
agricultural purposes is not a facility.
This includes any publicly owned flood control,
navigation, irrigation, reclamation, public power,
sewage treatment and collection, water supply and
distribution, watershed development, or airport facility;
and non -Federal -aid street, road, or highway; and any
other public building, structure or system, including
those used for educational, recreational, or cultural
purposes, or any park.
FEDERAL COORDINATING OFFICER (FCt=) The person appointed by the Director, or in his
absence, the Deputy Director, or alternatively by the
Associate Director, to coordinate Federal assistance in
an emergency or a major disaster.
FEDERAL EMERGENCY This agency was created in 1979 to provide a
MANAGEMENT AGENCY single point of accountability for all Federal activities
related to disaster mitigation and emergency
preparedness, response, and recovery.
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FEDERAL HAZARD The FEMA employee responsible for representing the
MITIGATION OFFICER agency for each declaration in carrying out the overall
responsibilities for hazard mitigation and for Subpart M,
including coordinating post -disaster hazard mitigation
actions with other agencies of government at all levels.
FEDERAL INSURANCE ADMINISTRATION The government unit, a part of FEMA, that administers
the National Flood Insurance Program.
FEMA -STATE AGREEMENT A formal legal document between FEMA and the
affected State stating the understandings,
commitments, and biding conditions for assistance
applicable as th^ result of the major disaster or
emergency declared by the President. It is signed by
the FEMA Regional Director, or designee, and the
Governor.
FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE Any form of loan, grant, guaranty, insurance, payment,
rebate, subsidy, disaster assistance loan or grant, or
any other form of direct or indirect Federal assistance,
other than general or special revenue sharing or formula
grants made to States.
FLASH FLOOD A flood that crests in a short period time and is often
characterized by high velocity flow. It is often the
result of heavy rainfall in a localized area.
FLOOD ELEVATION DETERMINATION A determination by the administrator of the water
surface elevations of the base flood, that is, the flood
level that has a one percent or greater change or
occurrence in any given year.
FLOOD HAZARD BOUNDARY MAP The official map of a community that shows the
boundaries of the floodplain and special flood hazard
areas that have been designated. It is prepared by
FEMA, using the best flood data available at the time a
community enters the emergency phase of the NFIP. It
is superseded by the FIRM after a more detailed study
has been completed.
FLOOD INSURANCE The insurance coverage provided under the National
Flood Insurance Program.
FLOOD INSURANCE RATE MAP The official map of a community prepared by FEMA,
which shows the base flood elevation, along with the
special hazard areas and the risk premium zones. The
study is funded by FEMA and is based on detailed
surveys and analysis of the site-specific hydrologic
characteristics.
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FLOOD INSURANCE RATE ZONE A zone identified on a Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM)
as subject to a specified degree of flood, mudslide
flood -related erosion hazards, to which amudflow), or
particular set of actuarial rates and floodplain
management requirements applies.
FLOOD INSURANCE STUDY A study, funded by FEMA, FIA, and carried out by any
of variety of agencies and consultants to delineate the
special flood hazard areas, base flood elevations, and
NFIP actuarial insurance rate zones. The study is based
on detailed site surveys and analysis of site-specific
hydrologic characteristics.
FLOODPROOFING Any combination of structural and nonstructural
additions, changes, or adjustments to properties and
structures that reduce or eliminate flood damage to
lands, water and sanitary facilities, structures, and
contents of buildings.
FUNCTIONAL ANNEX Parts of the Emergency Operations Plan that begin to
provide specific information and direction; should focus
on operations, what the function is and who is
responsible for carrying it out, emphasize
responsibilities, tasks, procedures, and operational
actions that pertain to the function being covered,
including activities to be performed by anyone with a
responsibility under the function. Should clearly d, fine
and describe the policies, procedures, roles, and
responsibilities inherent in the various functions before,
during, and after any emergency period.
GOVERNOR'S AUTHORIZED The person empowered by the Governor to execute, on
REPRESENTATIVE (GAR) behalf of the State, all necessary documents for
disaster assistance.
GRANT An award of financial assistance. The grant award shall
be based on the total eligible Federal share of all
approved projects.
GRANTEE The government to which a grant is awarded that is
accountable for the use of the funds provided. The
grantee is the entire legal entity even if only a particular
component of the entity is designated in the grant
award document. For purposes of this regulation,
except as noted in 206.202, the State is the grantee.
HAZARD Any situation that has the potential for causing damage
to life, property, and/or the environment.
HAZARD MITIGATION Any cost effective measure that will reduce the
potential for damage to a facility from a disaster event.
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HAZARD MIT/GAT/ON Provides a limited amount of funding to States to cover
ASS/STANCE PROGRAM or to assist in covering the cost of preparing a pre -
disaster hazard mitigation plan, one or more
components of such a plan, or a related activity that
will contribute to reducing vulnerability to hazards
either throughout the State or for a selected area within
the State.
HAZARD MIT/GAT/ON GRANT PROGRAM Authorized under Section 404 of the Stafford Act.
Provides funding for hazard mitigation projects that are
cost effective and complement existing post -disaster
mitigation programs and activities by providing funding
for beneficial mitigation measures that are not funded
through other programs.
HAZARD MIT/GAT/ON PLAN The plan resulting from a systematic evaluation of the
nature and extent of vulnerability to the effects of
natural hazards present in society that includes the
actions needed to minimize future vulnerability to
hazards.
HAZARD M/T/GATION The plan developed by the State to describe the
STATE ADMINISTRATION PLAN procedures for administration of the Hazard Mitigation
Grant Program.
HAZMAT Hazardous Materials: any substance or material in a
particular form or quantity that the Secr, Lary of
Transportation finds may pose an unreasonable risk to
health, safety, and property, or any substance or
material in a quantity or form that may be harmful to
humans, animals, crops, water systems, or other
elements of the environment if accidentally released.
Substances so designated may include explosives,
solids, combustible solids, poisons, oxidizing or
corrosive materials, and flammable gases. Defined via
rulemaking process, under authority of PL 93-633.
HAZARDS ANALYSIS The procedure for identifying potential sources of a
hazardous materials release, determining the
vulnerability of an area to a hazardous materials release,
and comparing hazards to determine risks to a
community.
HE/HIM/HIS Whenever the words "he", "him" or "his' are used, the
words shall be interpreted as including the words "she",
her" or "hers".
IMMEDIATE THREAT The threat of additional damage or destruction from an
event that can reasonably be expected to occur within
five years.
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IMPROVED PROPERTY A structure, facility, or item of equipment that was
HAZARD MITIGATION
built, constructed, or manufactured. Land used for
agricultural purposes is not improved property.
INCIDENT COMMAND
Combination of facilities, equipment, personnel,
procedures, and communications operating with a
common organizational structure with responsibility for
management of assigned resources to effectively direct
INTERAGENCY HAZARD MITIGATION TEAM fhe mitigation team that is activated following flood -
and control the response to an incident. Intended to
related disasters pursuant to the Office of Management
expand as situation required greater resources, without
and Budget directive on Nonstructural Flood Protection
requiring new, reorganized command structure.
INDIVIDUAL ASSISTANCE Supplementary Federal Assistance provided under the
subsequent December 15, 1980, Interagency
Stafford Act to individuals and families adversely
Agreement for Non structural Damage Reduction.
affected by a major disaster or an emergency. Such
Developed within 15 days following any
assistance may be provided directly by the Federal
Presidentially declared flood disaster by an interagency,
Government or through State or local governments of
intergovernmental, and interdisciplinary team
disaster relief organizations.
INTEGRATED EMERGENCY Strategy for implementing emergency management
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM activities, which builds upon those functions common
Mitigation. The report identifies post -flood mitigation
to preparedness for any type of occurrence and
opportunities and common post -flood recovery policies.
provides for special requirements of individual
emergency situations. Seeks function -based plan
annexes that can be adapted to varied hazard events.
INTERAGENCY FOR POST -FLOOD Agreement signed by twelve Federal agencies
HAZARD MITIGATION as a result of a July 10, 1980, directive issued by the
Office of Management and Budge to these agencies to
coordinate their post -disaster recovery assistance
following Presidentially declared flood disasters and to
use this assistance to promote nonstructural
approaches to reducing future flood damages.
INTERAGENCY HAZARD MITIGATION TEAM fhe mitigation team that is activated following flood -
related disasters pursuant to the Office of Management
and Budget directive on Nonstructural Flood Protection
Measures and Flood Disaster Recovery, and the
subsequent December 15, 1980, Interagency
Agreement for Non structural Damage Reduction.
INTERAGENCY HAZARD MITIGATION Developed within 15 days following any
TEAM REPORT Presidentially declared flood disaster by an interagency,
intergovernmental, and interdisciplinary team
representing each of the signatory agencies of the
Interagency Agreement for Post -Flood Hazard
Mitigation. The report identifies post -flood mitigation
opportunities and common post -flood recovery policies.
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LIABILITY An obligation to do or refrain from doing something; a
duty that eventually must be performed; and obligation
to pay money; also used to refer to one's responsibility
for his/ her conduct.
LOCAL GOVERNMENT Any county, city, village, town, district, or other
political subdivision of any State, and Indian tribe or
authorized tribal organization, or Alaskan Native village
or organization, including any rural community or
unincorporated town or village or any other public
entity for which an application for assistance is made
by a State or political subdivision thereof.
LOCAL HAZARD MITIGATION OFFICER The representative of local government who serves on
the Hazard Mitigation Survey Team or the Interagency
Hazard Mitigation Team and who is the primary point of
contact with FEMA, other Federal agencies, and the
State in the planning and implementation of post -
disaster hazard mitigation activities.
MAJOR DISASTER Any natural catastrophe ( including any hurricane,
tornado, storm, high water, wind -driven water, tidal
wave, tsunami, earthquake, volcanic eruption,
landslide, mudslide, snowstorm, or drought) or,
regardless of cause, any fire, flood, or explosion, in any
part of the United States, which, in the determination
of the President, causes damage of sufficient sev, rity
and magnitude to warrant major disaster assistance
under this Act to supplement the efforts and available
resources of States, local governments, and disaster
relief organizations in alleviating the damage, loss,
hardship, or suffering caused thereby.
MISSION ASSIGNMENT Work order issued to a Federal agency by the Regional
Director, Associate Director, or Director, directing
completion by that agency of a specified task and citing
funding, other managerial controls, and guidance.
MITIGATION All steps necessary to minimize the potentially adverse
effects of the proposed action and to restore, preserve,
and enhance natural values of wetlands; or long-term
activities to minimize the potentially adverse effects of
future disaster in affected areas.
NATIONAL FLOOD INSURANCE PROGRAM The Federal program, created by an act of Congress in
1968, that makes flood insurance available in
communities that enact satisfactory floodplain
management regulations.
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ONE -HUNDRED (100) -YEAR FLOOD The flood elevation that has a one -percent chance of
being equaled or exceeded in any given year. It is also
known as the base flood elevation.
PRIVATE NONPROFIT FACILITY Private, nonprofit educational, utility, emergency,
medical, rehabilitational, and temporary or permanent
custodial care facilities (including these for the aged
and disabled), or other private, nonprofit facilities that
provide essential services of a governmental nature to
the general public, and facilities on Indian reservations
as defined by the President.
Stafford Act - Any nongovernmental agency or entity
that currently has an effective ruling letter from the
U.S. Internal Revenue Service granting tax exemption
under Sections 501 (c), (d), or (e) of the Internal
Revenue Code of 1954, or satisfactory evidence from
the State that the organization or entity is a nonprofit
one organized or going business under State law.
PRIVATE NONPROFIT ORGANIZATION Any nongovernmental agency or entity that currently
has an effective ruling letter from the U.S. Internal
Revenue Service granting tax exemption under Sections
501(c), (d), or (e) of the Internal Revenue Code of
1954, or satisfactory evidence from the State that the
nonrevenue producing organization or entity is a
nonprofit one organized or doing business undr r State
law.
PUBLIC ASSISTANCE (PA) Supplementary Federal assistance provided under the
Stafford Act to State and local governments or certain
private, nonprofit organizations other than assistance
for the direct benefit of individuals and families.
PUBLIC ENTITY An organization formed for a public purpose whose
direction and funding are provided by one or more
political subdivisions of the State.
PUBLIC FACILITY The following facilities owned by a State or local
government:
Any flood control, navigation, irrigation,
reclamation, public power, sewage
treatment and collection, water supply
and distribution, watershed
development, or airport facility;
Any non -Federal -aid street, road, or
highway;
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Any other public building, structure, or
system, including those used for
educational, recreational, or cultural
purposes; and
Any park.
PUBLIC INFORMATION OFF/CER on -scene official responsible for preparing and
coordinating the dissemination of public information in
cooperation with other responding Federal, State, and
local government agencies.
RECEPTION CENTER A center established to register evacuees and to assess
their needs. If an evacuation is ordered, suitable
facilities to be used as reception centers must be
designated. The centers will be used to register
evacuees for emergency shelter or, if elsewhere, to
ascertain where they can be contacted. Persons
requiring temporary shelter will be directed to a shelter
location.
RETROFITTING Floodproofing measures taken on an existing structure.
R/PRAP Broken stone, cut stone blocks, or rubble that is placed
on slopes to protect them from erosion or scouring
caused by flood waters or wave action.
RISK A measure of the probability that damage to life,
property, and/or the environment will occur if a hazard
manifests itself; this measure includes the severity of
anticipated consequences to people.
RISKANALYSIS Assesses probability of damage (or injury) and actual
damage (or injury) that might occur, in light of the
hazard analysis and vulnerability analysis. Some
planners may choose to analyze worst-case scenarios.
RISK AREA An area considered likely to be affected by a natural or
technological hazard. Risk areas are based on
recommended isolation distances, identifiable land
features, etc.
RISKMANAGEMENT Refers to a decision making process that involves such
considerations as risk assessment, technological
feasibility, economic information about costs and
benefits, statutory requirements, public concerns, and
other factors.
SHE/HER/HERS Whenever the words "she", "her" or "hers" are used,
the words shall be interpreted as including the words
he", "him" or "his" .
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SHELTER A facility to house, feed, and care for persons
evacuated from a risk area for periods of one or more
days. For the risk areas, the primary shelter and the
reception center are usually located in the same facility.
STAFFORD ACT Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency
Assistance Act, PL 100-107, signed into law November
23, 1988; amended the Disaster Relief Act of 1974, PL
93-288.
STANDARD FLOOD INSURANCE POLICY The flood insurance policy issued by the Federal
Insurance Administrator, or an insurer pursuant to an
arrangement with the administrator pursuant to Federal
statutes and regulations.
STATE COORDINATING AGENCY The agency of the State government designated by the
Governor of the State at the request of the
administrator to coordinate the flood insurance program
in that State.
STATE COORDINATING OFFICER The person appointed by the Governor to act in
cooperation with the Federal Coordinating Officer to
administer disaster recovery efforts.
STATE EMERGENCY PLAN As used in Section 401 or Section 501 of the Stafford
Act, means that State plan that is designated
specifically for State -level response to emergen Jes or
major disasters and that sets forth actions to be taken
by the State and local governments, including those for
implementing Federal disaster assistance.
STATE HAZARD MITIGATION OFFICER The representative of State government who serves on
the Hazard Mitigation Survey Team and Interagency
Hazard Mitigation Team and who is the primary point of
contact with FEMA, other Federal agencies, and local
units of government in the planning and implementation
of post -disaster mitigation activities.
SUBGRANT An award of financial assistance under a grant by a
grantee to an eligible subgrantee.
SUBGRANTEE The government or other legal entity to which a
subgrant is awarded and which is accountable to the
grantee for the use of the funds provided.
SUBSTANTIAL DAMAGE Damage of any origin sustained by a structure whereby
the cost of restoring the structure to its before
damaged condition would equal or exceed 50 percent
of the market value of the structure before damage
occurred.
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TEMPORARY HOUSING Temporary accommodations provided by the Federal
Government to individuals or families whose homes are
made unlivable by an emergency or a major disaster.
TURNDOWN The action authorized by the White House and signed
by the Director, FEMA, to deny a Governor's request
for a major disaster or emergency declaration.
VIOLATION The failure of a structure or other development to be
fully compliant with the community's floodplain
management regulations. A structure or other
development without the elevation certificate, other
certifications, or other evidence of compliance required
is presumed to be in violation until such time as that
documentation is provided.
VULNERABILITY ANALYSIS Identifies what is susceptible to damage. Should
provide information on extent of the vulnerable zone;
population, in terms of size and types that could be
expected to be within the vulnerable zone; private and
public property that may be damaged, including
essential support systems and transportation corridors;
and environment that may be affected, and impact on
sensitive natural areas and endangered species.
WETLANDS Areas that are inundated or saturated at a frequency
and for a duration sufficient to support a prow, ence of
vegetative or aquatic life requiring saturated or
seasonally saturated soil conditions for growth and
reproduction.
ZONING ORDINANCE An ordinance under the State or local government's
police power that divides an area into districts and,
within each district, regulates the use of land and
buildings, height, and bulk of buildings or other
structures, and the density of population.
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