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Sandridge has been extensively mined and future mining activity will inevitably move west of the ridge; and second, mining activity is often considered a precursor to residential develop- ment and, therefore, the activity should be permitted (through the Special Exception review process) in residential districts. If mining is not permitted in residential zoning districts, either rezonings from residential to an agricultural zoning district will be attempted and/or residential zonings will be requested in agricultural districts after mining is completed. Either of these situations tend to destabilize the planning process and the validity of the comprehensive land use plan map, and therefore cannot be considered to contribute to good planning efforts. Mining activity is proposed as a Special Exception use for Commercial and Industrial Zoning Districts to enable the removal of large quantities of material from the site of a major development. Water Management Standards - The proposed mining ordinance proposes to establish water management standards that would, apply to the creation or expansion of any waterbody. In the last few years, the D.E.R. and St. Johns River Water Management District have implemented requirements for certain types of stormwater management tracts that include the establishment of littoral zones. The intent of the proposed water management standards is to provide for the construction of littoral zones for waterbodies that are not of a size or type that require the construction of littoral zones from other agencies. The value of the littoral zone' for filtration of stormwater runoff, nutrient and pesticide uptake and wildlife habitat has• been well documented in the scientific literature. The littoral zone standards were examined in detail, and several alternatives were examined. Initially, the staff had proposed that 30% of the lake surface be developed as littoral zone which is consistent with St. Johns Water River Management District requirements for certain wet detention systems. This amount of littoral zone area was finally reduced in size since analysis of the amount of sand volume lost to mining showed that 23% of the sand currently mined (from a 20 acre site) would be "locked -up" and unavailable to the sand mine operator. The present littoral zone proposal reduces the minimum required littoral zone area from 30% of the lake surface to 10% of the lake surface area (for a 20 acre lake). The littoral zone is defined as the area from 1 foot above control elevation of the lake to 2} feet below control eleva- tion. The amount or area of littoral zone shall be computed at a rate of 15 square feet of littoral zone (below control elevation) per linear foot of lake shoreline. The littoral zone need. not be in a continuous band around the lake and shall not be of a slope steeper than 1 foot vertical to 6 feet horizontal. In addition, the littoral zone will need to be planted or seeded in a way that will provide 80% plant coverage within a two year time period, and wetland tree seedlings must be planted around the perimeter of the lake. Mining on the Coastal Sand Ridge - The proposed ordinance would require that no mining on the Coastal Sand Ridge shall result in an average elevation of less than 25 feet mean sea level for that portion of a project site located on the sand ridge. MAR 2 2 1988 30 BOOK 71. PAGE 329