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12/12/24 Item 5.13. <br />TET" UCH <br />Copper Corrosion - Water Quality Related <br />• Cold water pitting due to cold and aggressive water <br />Water will typically have a lower pH, and contain appreciable levels of dissolved oxygen and dissolved <br />carbon dioxide <br />May also contain sulfide <br />• Concentration cell corrosion <br />Typically formed in cracks and crevices, or <br />Due to deposits of foreign material (ex. silica or sand from over pumping of a well) <br />• Erosion based corrosion <br />Commonly seen with high temperatures, naturally soft water quality, and appreciable levels of IN, <br />dissolved oxygen and/or dissolved carbon dioxide " -- <br />Exacerbated by presence of factors such as suspended solids, poor plumbing workmanship, and <br />turbulent waters <br />• Pittinghot waters can also be induced b presence of iron manganese, and <br />' in Y p g / <br />aluminum <br />Common Causes of Copper Corrosion - Literature Review <br />• Reviewed research relating to pitting of copper pipes indicates water quality <br />plays a role but that other factors may be important <br />• Research does not provide a clear, consistent set of water quality parameters <br />that will always prevent or promote pitting <br />• Roles of pH and sulfate are often contradictory <br />• Some consensus on levels of free carbon dioxide and sulfides and copper pitting <br />• Carbon dioxide and sulfides are unlikely contributors to corrosion within, IRCDUS, . <br />service area <br />Current treatment system includes degasification 4 removes hydrogen sulfide . <br />Conc. of carbon dioxide in water quality is low <br />S <br />